1592

Events

January–March

January 29 – Cardinal Ippolito Aldobrandini of San Pancrazio is elected as the new Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church after Ludovico Madruzzo and Giulio Antonio Santori withdraw following 19 rounds of voting by the 54 cardinals present. Cardinal Santori had received 28 votes on the first ballot, eight short of the necessary two-thirds majority required, and fewer on the rounds that followed. Aldobrandini is crowned the next day as Pope Clement VIII, the 231st pope. Clement succeeds Pope Innocent IX, who died on December 30, 1591.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He immediately recalls the Sixtine Vulgate.
February 7 – George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly, sets fire to Donibristle Castle in Scotland and murders James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray.
March 3 – Trinity College Dublin, Ireland's oldest university, is founded.<ref name="Donnelly2004">Template:Cite book</ref>
March 14 – Ultimate Pi Day: the largest correspondence between calendar dates and significant digits of pi since the introduction of the Julian calendar according to the American method of writing the number of the month prior to the day.

April–June

April 4 – The future Henry IV of France, King designate of Henry III of France, announces in a declaration, so-called "Expedient," his intention to take instruction in, and convert to, the Catholic religion.
April 13 – The Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) begin with the Siege of Busanjin.
April 20 – King Henry IV of France ends the siege of Rouen, the Spanish-held capital of Normandy, five months after its November 11 commencement, as the Spanish Navy arrives to relieve the city.<ref>John Lothrop Motley, History of the United Netherlands: From the Death of William the Silent to the Twelve Years' Truce to 1609 (Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1895) p.146</ref>
April 24 – Battle of Sangju: The Japanese are victorious over the Koreans fighting for the Kingdom of Joseon.
April 28 – Battle of Ch'ungju: Japan inflicts a decisive defeat on Korea.
May 7
- The Malta plague epidemic begins when galleys from the Grand Duchy of Tuscany arrive on the island with 100 prisoners of war from Egypt, and 20 ill crewmembers; over the next 18 months, 3,000 people on Malta die of the bubonic plague.<ref> James D. Tully, The History of Plague: As it Has Lately Appeared in the Islands of Malta, Gozo, Corfu, Cephalonia, Etc. Detailing Important Facts, Illustrative of the Specific Contagion of that Disease, with Particulars of the Means Adopted for Its Eradication (Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1821)</ref>
- Battle of Okpo: The Korean navy is victorious over Japan.
May 20 –August 19 – Battle of Flores (Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)), a series of naval engagements in the Azores in which the English are victorious, taking the great Portuguese carrack Madre de Deus on or about August 3.
May 29 – Battle of Sacheon: Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin destroys all 13 Japanese ships taking part, using his improved turtle ship for the first time in battle.
June 2 – Battle of Dangpo:The Korean navy is again victorious over Japan.
June 10 – The Siege of Bihać begins in the Kingdom of Croatia, by Telli Hasan Pasha (Hasan Predojević) of the Ottoman Empire. Bihać is captured on June 19 and is lost for Croatia forever.

July–September

July 20 – The Japanese capture the Korean capital Hanyang, causing Seonjo to request the assistance of Ming dynasty Chinese forces, who recapture the city a year later.
July 30 – Alonso de Sotomayor petitions the viceroy of Peru for more troops to help resist attacks by Indians and English pirates.
August – 1592–1593 London plague breaks out in England.
August 9 – English explorer John Davis, commander of the Desire, probably discovers the Falkland Islands.
August 14 – Battle of Hansan Island: The Korean navy defeats the Japanese.<ref name="Turnbull1996">Template:Cite book</ref>
September 1 – Battle of Busan: The Korean fleet makes a surprise attack on the Japanese but fails to break their supply lines to Busan.
September 7 – The captured Madre de Deus enters Dartmouth harbour in England and is then subjected to mass theft.

October–December

October 5 – Siege of Jinju: The Korean navy is victorious over the Japanese.
November 3 – The city of San Luis Potosí is founded.
November 4 – (2nd waxing of Natdaw, 954 ME) In a war between what are now the nations of Myanmar and Thailand, the Army of Burma, led by King Nanda Bayin Burma (Toungoo) begins its invasion of the Kingdom of Siam (Ayutthaya), defended by King Naresuan.<ref>Royal Historical Commission of Burma, Hmannan Yazawin (1832, reprinted by Ministry of Information of Myanmar, 2003) p.93</ref>
November 9 – The Sixto-Clementine Vulgate, an updated edition of the Latin language translation of the Bible, is promulgated by the Roman Catholic Church.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
November 12 – The Collegium Melitense is founded in Malta by Bishop Garagallo.
November 17 – Sigismund III Vasa becomes the new King of Sweden upon the death of his father, King John III.
December 4 – Yu Sŏngnyong becomes the new Yeonguijeong (Chief State Councillor of the government of the Korean Empire, similar to Prime Minister) and serves until 1598.
December 21 – The city of London begins publishing the Bill of Mortality, the first regular data of deaths from an epidemic, as the government reports its weekly survey of the number of burials in the 113 parishes of London of deaths from bubonic plague. The death statistics continue to be published until December 18, 1595.<ref>Reginald H. Adams, The Parish Clerks of London (Phillimore, 1971)</ref>

Date unknown

William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, chief adviser of Queen Elizabeth I of England, is taken seriously ill.
Negotiations begin for the annulment of the childless marriage of Henry IV of France and Marguerite of Valois.
The Confucian shrine of Munmyo in Korea is destroyed by fire.
The Population Census Edict is promulgated in Japan by Toyotomi Hidetsugu.
Henry Constable's Diana, one of the first sonnet sequences in English, is published in London.