1643

February 6: The Taj Mahal (pictured in 2009) is opened to the public.

Events

January 21 – Abel Tasman sights the island of Tonga.<ref name=Tasman>Template:Cite book</ref>
February 6
- (17 Dhu al-Qadah 1052 AH) In India, the first ceremony at the nearly-complete Taj Mahal in Agra, the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan observes the 12th anniversary of the death of his wife, Mumtaz Mahal, and opens the structure to thousands of mourners.<ref>World Architecture and Society: From Stonehenge to One World Trade Center (Bloomsbury, 2021) p.658</ref>
- Abel Tasman sights the Fiji Islands.<ref name=Tasman/>
March 13 – First English Civil War: First Battle of Middlewich – Roundheads (Parliamentarians) rout the Cavaliers (Royalist supporters of King Charles I) at Middlewich in Cheshire.
March 18 – Irish Confederate Wars: Battle of New Ross – English troops defeat those of Confederate Ireland.

April 1 – Åmål, Sweden, is granted its city charter.
April 28 – Francisco de Lucena, former Portuguese Secretary of State, is beheaded after being convicted of treason.
May 14 – Louis XIV succeeds his father Louis XIII as King of France at age 4. His rule will last until his death at age 76 in 1715, a total of 72 years, which will be the longest reign of any European monarch in recorded history.
May 19
- Thirty Years' War: Battle of Rocroi: The French defeat the Spanish at Rocroi in France.
- The New England Confederation is formed as a military alliance between Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth Colony, Saybrook Colony (Connecticut), and New Haven Colony.<ref>William Henry Carpenter, Timothy Shay Arthur. The History of Connecticut: from its earliest settlement to the present time (1872), ch. 5</ref>
May 20 – Dutch expedition to Valdivia: The Dutch fleet (led by Hendrik Brouwer) is spotted off Carelmapu in Chile, soon afterwards landing nearby and plundering the fort and village.
June 30 – First English Civil War: Battle of Adwalton Moor – Royalists gain control of Yorkshire.

July 1 – The Westminster Assembly of theologians ("divines") and parliamentarians is convened at Westminster Abbey with the aim of restructuring the Church of England.
July 5 – First English Civil War: Battle of Lansdowne – Royalists gain a pyrrhic victory over the Parliamentarians near Bath, Somerset.
July 13 – First English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down – Henry Wilmot, newly created Baron Wilmot, commanding Royalist cavalry, wins a crushing victory over Parliamentarian Sir William Waller.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
August 24 – Dutch expedition to Valdivia: A Dutch fleet establishes a new colony in the ruins of Valdivia in southern Chile.
September 20 – First English Civil War: First Battle of Newbury – A strategic Parliamentarian victory is made over Royalist forces who are led personally by King Charles.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

October 8 – The Shunzhi Emperor of China is crowned at five years old, 17 days after the death of his father and the decision of the Deliberative Council of Princes and Ministers.
October 28 – Dutch expedition to Valdivia: The Dutch end their occupation of Valdivia in Chile.
November 14 – Empress Meishō abdicates and Emperor Go-Kōmyō accedes to the throne of Japan.
November 24 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of Tuttlingen – France is defeated by forces of the Holy Roman Empire.
December 12 – Swedish Field Marshal Lennart Torstensson's forces enter Danish territory in Holstein, beginning the Torstenson War.
December 13 – First English Civil War: At the Battle of Alton in Hampshire, the Parliamentarians defeat the Royalists.
December 25 – Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean is sighted and named by Captain William Mynors of the British East India Company ship Royal Mary.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
December 28 – Dutch expedition to Valdivia: The failed Dutch expedition arrives back at Recife in Dutch Brazil.

Baden-Baden is pillaged by the French.
An Calbhach mac Aedh Ó Conchobhair Donn, The Ó Conchubhair Donn, Chief of the Name of the Clan Ó Conchubhair, is popularly inaugurated as the last King of Connacht in Ireland.
Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer.
Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, places the first Mount Royal Cross atop Mount Royal above Montreal.
Jean Bolland publishes the first two volumes of the Acta Sanctorum (in Antwerp). This is the beginning of the Bollandists' work.
Miyamoto Musashi begins to dictate The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho) to his student; he will complete it in 1654, just before his death.
Roger Williams, co-founder of Rhode Island, publishes A Key into the Language of America.
The first professional book publisher to use printing press in Norway is established in Oslo.<ref name = "Guttenberg">Template:Cite book</ref>