1532

November 16: The Battle of Cajamarca is fought between the Spanish Empire and the Inca Empire.

Events

January 22 – São Vicente is established as the first permanent Portuguese settlement in Brazil.<ref name="Lawrence183">Rachel Lawrence: 2010, Page 183</ref>
February 12 – The Deceived Ones (Gl'ingannati), a stage comedy written collectively by the Accademia degli Intronati in Siena, makes its debut as part of the festivities of the Italian city's annual carnival.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
February 24 – William Warham, the 81-year-old Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, publicly declares that he is disasocciating himself from all acts of the English Parliament that are prejudicial to papal authority.<ref name=Oaths>Jonathan Gray, Oaths and the English Reformation (Cambridge University Press, 2013) p.100</ref>
March 18 – The Supplication against the Ordinaries is presented to Henry VIII by Thomas More the Speaker of the House of Commons.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Henry responds by stating that the Commons could hardly expect such consideration after they refused to assent to the government's proposals. Shortly afterwards, Parliament is prorogued until April 10.

April 27 – The democratic government of the Republic of Florence in Italy, in existence for more than 400 years since its founding in 1115, is abolished by order of Pope Clement VII in order for a hereditary, and absolute, monarchy to be established.<ref>Kenneth Gouwens and Sheryl E. Reiss, The Pontificate of Clement VII: History, Politics, Culture (Routledge, 2017)</ref> Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence, the illegitimate son of Pope Clement, is given full power and the Republic's parliament (the Signoria) and the rule of the executive officer, the Gonfaloniere, come to an end.
April – Battle of Quipaipan in Peru: Atahualpa wins the civil war in the Inca Empire, defeating his brother Huáscar.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
May 13 – Francisco Pizarro lands on the northern coast of Peru.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
May 16 – Sir Thomas More resigns as Lord Chancellor of England.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
June 25 – Suleiman the Magnificent leads another invasion of Hungary.

July 23 – The Nuremberg Religious Peace is granted to members of the Schmalkaldic League, granting them religious liberty.<ref>article on the Nuremberg Religious Peace, page 351 of the 1899 Lutheran Cyclopedia</ref>
August 13 – Union of Brittany and France: The Duchy of Brittany is absorbed into the Kingdom of France.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
August 5 – The siege of Güns in the Austrian Empire begins as the Ottoman army, under Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, attempts to take the city of Güns (now Kőszeg in Hungary) with 100,000 troops in order to mount a larger invasion of the Austrian city of Vienna, capital of the Holy Roman Empire. The defenders, less than 800 Croatian soldiers commanded by Nikola Jurišić, puts up a successful resistance despite being outnumbered by more than 100 to 1.<ref name=Wheatcroft>Template:Cite book</ref>
August 30 – The siege of Güns fails as heavy rains and the arrival of reinforcements from Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor to supplement the Croatian defenders, causes Suleiman to retreat.<ref name=Wheatcroft/>
September 1 – Anne Boleyn is created Marquess of Pembroke by her fiancé, King Henry VIII of England.<ref name="O'Day2012">Template:Cite book</ref>

October 7 – (9th waxing of Tazaungmon 894 ME) The Burmese monarch Min Bin, King of Arrakan, leads a combined invasion force of 12,000 people (three armies of 11,000 men in a three-pronged attack, and a flotilla of war boats carrying 1,000 troops) in an invasion of Bengal in India.
November 16 – Francisco Pizarro and his men capture Inca emperor Atahualpa at Cajamarca, ambushing and slaughtering a large number of his followers, without loss to themselves.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He subsequently offers a ransom of approximately $50 million in gold.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
December 1 – (5th waxing of Pyatho 894 ME) The Burmese Army under Min Bin marches into Dhaka, capital of Bengal without any resistance.
December 4 – A fire strikes the cathedral in Chambéry, now a part of France, but at the time a part of Italy's Duchy of Savoy. The fire burns several holes in the Shroud of Turin, believed by some Roman Catholics to be the burial shroud of Jesus of Nazareth after the crucifixion, and to have a miraculous imprint of Jesus, but the shroud is repaired by nuns at the cathedral.
December 20 – The first payment for Atahualpa's ransom from the Spaniards is made as gold is delivered to Cuzco to fill up a room.

The Prince is published, five years after the death of the author, Niccolò Machiavelli.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Pantagruel is published by François Rabelais.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Henry VIII of England grants the Thorne brothers a Royal Charter to found Bristol Grammar School.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Stamford School is founded in England by William Radcliffe.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Paris Parlement has the city's beggars arrested "to force them to work in the sewers, chained together in pairs".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Possible date for the Battle of the Maule between Incas and Mapuches, according to historian Osvaldo Silva.<ref name=Silva1983>Template:Cite journal</ref>