1533
Template:Use mdy dates Template:About year Template:Year nav
Template:C16 year in topic Year 1533 (MDXXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
[edit]January–March
[edit]- January 25 – King Henry VIII of England formally but secretly marries Anne Boleyn, who becomes his second queen consort.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- January 26 – Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, is appointed Lord Chancellor of England.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 4 – The Reformation Parliament is summoned into session by King Henry VIII of England, and meets until April 7.
- February 8 – (15th waxing of Tabaung 894 ME) King Min Bin of Burma begins receiving tributes from the local lords of Bengal.
- February 14 – By a treaty between the German city of Münster and the Holy Roman Empire, Münster is recognized as a Lutheran city.
- February 18 – The order of the Clerics Regular of Saint Paul, more commonly called the Barnabites, is given papal approval by Pope Clement VII in the brief Vota per quae vos.<ref>Template:Cite Catholic Encyclopedia</ref>
- March 30 – Thomas Cranmer becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
April–June
[edit]- April 7 – The Statute in Restraint of Appeals in England, declaring the king to be the supreme sovereign and forbidding judicial appeals to the papacy, is given royal assent.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- April 10 – King Frederick I of Denmark, ruler of the Danes since 1523 and later elected, but never crowned, King of Norway, dies at the age of 61. The vacancy leaves a dispute over his successor, which soon becomes the Count's Feud (Grevens Fejde) between the Roman Catholic supporters of the former King Christian II of Denmark, and the Lutheran supporters of Frederick's son, proclaimed to be King Christian III.
- May 23 – King Henry VIII of England's marriage with Catherine of Aragon is declared annulled by Archbishop Cranmer.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Since Pope Clement VII had rejected Henry's petition for annulment in 1530, Catherine continues to believe herself Henry's wife until her death.
- June 1
- Cartagena, Colombia, is founded by Pedro de Heredia.
- Cranmer crowns Anne Boleyn as queen consort of England, in Westminster Abbey.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
July–September
[edit]- July 11 – Henry VIII is excommunicated by Pope Clement VII, as is Archbishop Cranmer.<ref>Historians disagree on the exact date of the excommunication; according to Winston Churchill's A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, the bull of 1533 was a draft with penalties left blank and was not made official until 1535. Others say Henry was not officially excommunicated until 1538 by Pope Paul III, brother of Cardinal Franklin de la Thomas.</ref>
- July 22 – Treaty of Constantinople between the Ottoman Empire and the Archduchy of Austria: Ferdinand I, King of the Romans, withdraws his claims to most of Hungary and János Szapolyai, voivode of Transylvania, becomes King of Hungary under the suzerainty of Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
- July 26 – Sapa Inca Atahualpa is executed by garotte, at the orders of Francisco Pizarro in Cajamarca.<ref name="inca">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp While older sources stated the execution had been on August 29, 1533, it would later be determined by late 20th century historians that the August date was incorrect because the Spaniards had departed Cajamarca by August 10.<ref>John Hemming, [1], The Conquest of the Incas (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1973) p.557 (quote:"It is an extraordinary fact that the exact date of Atahualpa's execution was not known until very recently. Garcilaso [de la Vega] wrote incorrectly that the Inca was christened Don Juan Atahualpa.. Because of this Juan de Velasco assumed, in his Historia del reino de Quito... that the baptism and execution took place on 29 August, the day of St John the Baptist. William Hickling Prescott accepted this date and it has been repeated by innumerable later writers ot this day. The Spaniards had in fact marched out of Cajamarca long before 29 August.")</ref> The Spanish arrange for his younger brother Túpac Huallpa to be crowned as a successor,<ref name="inca" />Template:Rp but he dies in October after an apparent poisoning.<ref name="tupac" />
- August 13 – King François of France dispatches Colonel Pierre de Piton to Morocco with a letter addressed to the ruler, Sultan Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad, in order to establish a trade agreement.<ref>Cecil Vivian Usborne, The Conquest of Morocco (S. Paul & Co, 1936) p.33</ref>
- September 7 – Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII of England gives birth to a daughter, at Greenwich, a little more than three months after she and Henry were married. The King's second daughter, Elizabeth, will become the reigning monarch of England 15 years later and rule for more than 44 years.
- September 13 – Antonio Sedeño, the Spanish Colonial Governor of Trinidad, comes under attack along with his troops by the Kalinago people, indigenous to the area. Though the Spanish lose many troops, Sedeño defeats the Kalinago and puts the island under Spanish rule.
October–December
[edit]- October 28 – The 14-year olds Henry, Duke of Orléans – the future King Henry II of France – and Catherine de' Medici are married at the Église Saint-Ferréol les Augustins in Marseille.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- November 15 – Francisco Pizarro arrives in Cusco, Peru.<ref name="inca" />Template:Rp
- December 3 – Ivan IV succeeds his father Vasili III as Grand Prince of Muscovy at the age of three;<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> he will rule in Russia until his death in 1584.
- December 21 (Feast of St Thomas the Apostle) – Hernando de Grijalva and his crew become the first persons discover the uninhabited Revillagigedo Islands, off the Pacific coast of Mexico, reporting the finding of what Grijalva names Isla Santo Tomé, probably Socorro Island.<ref>Template:Cite thesis</ref>
- December 28 – Grijalva and his crew discover Isla de los Inocentes, probably San Benedicto Island.<ref>American Geographical Society (1967). Special publication 38 p. 370. New York. ISSN 0065-843X</ref>
Date unknown
[edit]- Pechenga Monastery is founded, in the far north of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- 1533–1534 – Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent makes the Ruthenian harem girl Roxelana his legal wife.
Births
[edit]
- January 2 – Johann Major, German poet and theologian (d. 1600)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- January 3 – Jerónimo Bautista Lanuza, Spanish friar, bishop and writer (d. 1624)
- January 6 – Timotheus Kirchner, German theologian (d. 1587)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- January 28 – Paul Luther, German scientist (d. 1593)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- February 5 or February 16 – Andreas Dudith, Croatian-Hungarian nobleman and diplomat (d. 1589)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- February 2 – Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai (d. 1611)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 16 – Gianfrancesco Gambara, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1587)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- February 28 – Michel de Montaigne, French essayist (d. 1592)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- March 10 – Francesco III Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (d. 1550)<ref name="art">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp
- April 5 – Giulio della Rovere, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1578)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- April 8 – Claudio Merulo, Italian composer and organist (d. 1604)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- April 24 – William I of Orange (d. 1584)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- May 2 – Philip II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (d. 1596)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- July 20 – Martín de Rada, Spanish missionary (d. 1578)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- July 10 – Antonio Possevino, Italian diplomat (d. 1611)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- August 2 – Theodor Zwinger, Swiss scholar (d. 1588)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- August 7
- Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga, Basque soldier and poet (d. 1595)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Valentin Weigel, German theologian (d. 1588)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- September 5 – Jacopo Zabarella, Italian philosopher (d. 1589)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 7 – Queen Elizabeth I of England, daughter of King Henry VIII of England (d. 1603)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 15 – Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland (d. 1572)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- September 27 – Stefan Batory, King of Poland (d. 1586)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- October 9 – Henry V, Burgrave of Plauen (d. 1568)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- October 12 – Asakura Yoshikage, Japanese ruler (d. 1573)
- October 14 – Anna of Mecklenburg, duchess consort of Courland (1566-1587) (d. 1602)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- November 22 – Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian noble (d. 1597)<ref name="art" />Template:Rp
- December 13 – King Eric XIV of Sweden (d. 1577)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- date unknown – Eknath, Indian Marathi saint (d. 1599)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- probable
- Amina, Queen of Zazzua (d. 1610)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Cornelis Cort, Dutch engraver (d. 1578)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- David Rizzio, Italian secretary of Mary, Queen of Scots (k. 1566)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Deaths
[edit]
- March 16 – John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, English soldier and statesman (b. 1467)<ref>Template:Cite ODNB</ref>
- April 10 – King Frederick I of Denmark (b. 1471)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- April 28 – Nicholas West, English bishop and diplomat (b. 1461)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- April 30 – John George, Marquis of Montferrat, Italian noble (b. 1488)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- June 25 – Mary Tudor, queen of Louis XII of France (b. 1496)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- July 4 – John Frith, English Protestant priest and martyr (b. 1503)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- July 6 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet (b. 1474)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- July 26 – Atahualpa, last Inca ruler of Peru (executed) (b. c.1502)<ref name="inca" />Template:Rp
- September 6 – Jacopo Salviati, Italian politician and son-in-law of Lorenzo de' Medici (b. 1461)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- September 17 – Philip I, Margrave of Baden (b. 1479)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- September 20 – Veit Stoss, German sculptor (b. c. 1447)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- October 10 – Severinus of Saxony, Prince of Saxony; died young (b. 1522)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- October – Túpac Huallpa, puppet ruler of Peru<ref name="tupac">Template:Cite book</ref>
- December 3 – Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy (b. 1479)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- date unknown
- Alauddin Firuz Shah II, sultan of Bengal<ref name=bpedia>Template:Cite Banglapedia</ref>
- Duarte Pacheco Pereira, Portuguese explorer (b. c. 1460)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Anne Rud, Danish noble and defender<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Fortún Ximénez, Spanish sailor and mutineer<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Bayin Htwe, king of Prome in Burma<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Lucas van Leyden, Dutch artist (b. 1494)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- probable – Girolamo del Pacchia, Italian painter (b. 1477)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>