1902

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Events

January

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File:1st-Rose-Bowl-game-1902.jpg

January 1: first Rose Bowl college American football game.

File:Andrew Carnegie, three-quarter length portrait, seated, facing slightly left, 1913.jpg

Andrew Carnegie

January 1
- The Nurses Registration Act 1901 comes into effect in New Zealand, making it the first country in the world to require state registration of nurses. On January 10, Ellen Dougherty becomes the world's first registered nurse.
- Nathan Stubblefield demonstrates his wireless telephone device in the U.S. state of Kentucky.
January 8 – A train collision in the New York Central Railroad's Park Avenue Tunnel kills 17 people, injures 38, and leads to increased demand for electric trains and the banning of steam locomotives in New York City.
January 23 – Hakkōda Mountains incident: A snowstorm in the Hakkōda Mountains of northern Honshu, Japan, kills 199 during a military training exercise.
January 30 – The Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed.

February

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February 12 – The 1st Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance takes place in Washington, D.C..
February 15 – The Berlin U-Bahn underground is opened.
February 18 – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt prosecutes the Northern Securities Company for violation of the antitrust Sherman Act.
February 27 – Australian officers Breaker Morant and Peter Handcock are executed for the murder of Boer prisoners of war near Louis Trichardt.

March

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March 7 – Second Boer War: Battle of Tweebosch – South African Boers win their last battle over the British Army, with the capture of a British general and 200 of his men.
March 8 – Jean Sibelius's Symphony No. 2 is premiered in Helsinki.
March 10
- Clashes between police and Georgian workers led by Joseph Stalin leave 15 dead, 54 wounded, and 500 in prison.<ref>Jones, Stephen F. (2005), Socialism in Georgian Colors: The European Road to Social Democracy, 1883-1917, p. 102. Harvard University Press, Template:ISBN</ref>
- A Circuit Court decision in the United States ends Thomas Edison's monopoly on 35 mm movie film technology.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
March 15 – The Pattani Sultanate is abolished by the Siamese authority after the last sultan of Pattani refused new administrative reforms by the Siamese.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

April

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April 2 – The Electric Theatre, the first movie theater in the United States, opens in Los Angeles.
April 11 – Tenor Enrico Caruso makes the first million-selling recording, for the Gramophone Company in Milan.
April 13 – A new land speed record of Template:Convert is set in Nice, France, by Léon Serpollet driving a steam car.
April 19 – The 7.5 Template:M Guatemala earthquake shakes Guatemala with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing between 800 and 2,000.

May

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File:Mount Pelée 1902.jpg

May 8: Mount Pelée erupts.

May 7 – La Soufrière volcano on the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent erupts, devastating the northern portion of the island and killing 2,000 people
May 8 – Mount Pelée in Martinique erupts, destroying the town of Saint-Pierre and killing over 30,000.
May 13 – Alfonso XIII of Spain begins his reign.
May 20 – Cuba gains independence from the United States.
May 22 – The White Star Liner SS Ionic is launched by Harland and Wolff in Belfast.
May 29 – The London School of Economics is opened by Lord Rosebery.
May 31 – The Treaty of Vereeniging ends the Second Boer War.

June

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June 13 – Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, predecessor of global consumer goods brand 3M, begins trading as a mining venture at Two Harbors in the United States.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
June 15 – The New York Central Railroad inaugurates the 20th Century Limited passenger train between Chicago and New York City.
June 16 – The Commonwealth Franchise Act in Australia grants women's suffrage in federal elections for resident British subjects (with certain ethnic minorities excepted), making Australia the first independent country to grant women the vote at a national level, and the first country to allow them to stand for Parliament.
June 26 – Edward VII institutes the Order of Merit, an order bestowed personally by the British monarch on up to 24 distinguished Empire recipients.

July

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July 2 – Philippine–American War ends.
July 5 – Erik Gustaf Boström returns as Prime Minister of Sweden.
July 8 – The United States Bureau of Reclamation is established within the U.S. Geological Survey.
July 10 – The Rolling Mill Mine disaster in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, kills 112 miners.
July 11 – Lord Salisbury retires as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
July 14
- Agustín Lizárraga discovers Machu Picchu, the "Lost City of the Incas".<ref><Template:Cite book</ref>
- St Mark's Campanile in Venice collapses.
July 21 – Fluminense Football Club is founded in Rio de Janeiro.

August

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August 1 – 100 miners die in a pit explosion in Wollongong, Australia.
August 9 – Coronation of Edward VII as King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, Emperor of India at Westminster Abbey in London.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
August 22
- Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first American President to ride in an automobile, a Columbia Electric Victoria through Hartford, Connecticut.
- A 7.7 earthquake shakes the border between China and Kyrgyzstan killing 10,000 people.
August 24 – A statue of Joan of Arc is unveiled in Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier, the French town which she stormed in 1429.
August 30 – Mount Pelée again erupts in Martinique, destroying the town of Le Morne-Rouge and causing 1,000 deaths.

September

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September 1 – The first science fiction film, the silent A Trip to the Moon (Le Voyage dans La Lune), is premièred at the Théâtre Robert-Houdin in Paris, France, by actor/producer Georges Méliès, and proves an immediate success.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
September 19 – Shiloh Baptist Church stampede: 115 people are killed in a crush at a black church in Birmingham, Alabama, following a mistaken alarm of fire after an address by Booker T. Washington.

October

File:Santamaria1902erupcion2.jpg

October 24: Santa María erupts

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October 16 – The first Borstal (youth offenders' institution) opens in Borstal, Kent, U.K.
October 21 – A five-month strike by the United Mine Workers in the United States ends.
October 24 – One of the largest volcanic eruptions of the 20th century occurs at Santa María in Guatemala; over 6,000 people die.<ref name="gvp">Template:Cite gvp</ref>

November

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November 15
- King Leopold II of Belgium survives an attempted assassination in Brussels by Italian anarchist Gennaro Rubino.
- The Hanoi exhibition opens in French Indochina.
November 16 – A newspaper cartoon depicting U.S. President "Teddy" Roosevelt refusing to shoot a bear cub inspires creation of the first teddy bear by Morris Michtom in New York City.
November 30 – On the American frontier, the second-in-command of Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch, Harvey Logan ("Kid Curry"), is captured after a shootout with lawmen in Knoxville, Tennessee. He is sentenced to a $5,000 fine and 20 years hard labor for robbery but escapes custody in 1903.

December

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December–February 1903 – Venezuelan crisis: Britain, Germany and Italy sustain a naval blockade on Venezuela, in order to enforce collection of outstanding financial claims. This prompts the development of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.
December 10 – The first Aswan Dam on the Nile is completed.
December 17 – The Commercial Telegraph Agency (TTA, Torgovo-Telegrafnue Agenstvo), predecessor of TASS, is officially established under the Ministry of Finance at Saint Petersburg in the Russian Empire.Template:Citation needed
December 30 – Discovery Expedition: British explorers Scott, Shackleton and Wilson reach the furthest southern point reached thus far by man, south of 82°S.

Date unknown

The capital of French Indochina is moved from Saigon (in Cochinchina) to Hanoi (Tonkin).
Construction of the Paul Doumer Bridge, linking both sections of Hanoi, is completed.
The first Korean Empire passports are issued to assist Korean immigration to Hawaii.
De'Longhi home appliance brand is founded in Treviso, Italy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Daniels Linseed, predecessor of Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), a global livestock, commodities trading, food processing brand, is founded in Minnesota, United States.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Births

January

File:Georgy Malenkov 1964.jpg

Georgy Malenkov

File:Saud IV of Saudi Arabia portrait.jpg

Saud of Saudi Arabia

File:Tallulah Bankhead 1941.JPG

Tallulah Bankhead

January 4 – John A. McCone, American politician, 6th Director of Central Intelligence (d. 1991)
January 8 – Georgy Malenkov, Soviet politician (d. 1988)
January 9
- Sir Rudolf Bing, Austrian-born British opera manager (d. 1997)
- Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish Roman Catholic priest and saint (d. 1975)
January 11
- Maurice Duruflé, French composer (d. 1986)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Evelyn Dove, British singer and actress (d. 1987)<ref>Template:Cite ODNB</ref>
January 15
- Nâzım Hikmet, Turkish poet and director (d. 1963)
- King Saud of Saudi Arabia (d. 1969)
January 16 – Eric Liddell, Scottish runner (d. 1945)
January 20
- Kevin Barry, Irish republican (d. 1920)
- Leon Ames, American actor (d. 1993)
January 22 – Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler (d. 1970)
January 25 – André Beaufre, French general (d. 1975)
January 26 – Menno ter Braak, Dutch author, polemicist (d. 1940)
January 31
- Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (d. 1968)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Alva Myrdal, Swedish politician, diplomat, and writer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1986)

February

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Charles Lindbergh

File:Léon M'ba 1964.jpg

Léon M'ba

File:John Steinbeck 1939 (cropped).jpg

John Steinbeck

February 4
- Charles Lindbergh, American aviator (d. 1974)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Hartley Shawcross, British barrister and politician (d. 2003)
February 8 – Demchugdongrub, Mongolian politician (d. 1966)
February 9
- Blanche Calloway, American jazz singer (d. 1978)
- Léon M'ba, 1st President of Gabon (d. 1967)
February 10 – Walter Houser Brattain, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
February 11 – Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect, designer (d. 1971)
February 12 – William Collier Jr., American actor (d. 1987)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
February 14 – Thelma Ritter, American actress (d. 1969)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
February 19 – Kay Boyle, American writer (d. 1992)
February 20 – Ansel Adams, American photographer (d. 1984)
February 22 – Herma Szabo, Austrian figure skater (d. 1986)
February 27
- Gene Sarazen, American golfer (d. 1999)
- John Steinbeck, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)

March

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Son House

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Thomas E. Dewey

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Dame Flora Robson

March 7 – Heinz Rühmann, German actor (d. 1994)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
March 9 – Will Geer, American actor (d. 1978)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
March 13 – Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Egyptian singer (d. 1991)
March 17 – Bobby Jones, American golfer (d. 1971)
March 19 – Fuad Chehab, 8th President of Lebanon (d. 1973)
March 21 – Son House, American musician (d. 1988)
March 24 – Thomas E. Dewey, American politician (d. 1971)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
March 27 – Betty Balfour, English screen actress (d. 1977)
March 28 – Dame Flora Robson, English actress (d. 1984)
March 29
- Marcel Aymé, French writer (d. 1967)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- William Walton, English composer (d. 1983)
March 30 – Brooke Astor, American socialite, philanthropist (d. 2007)

April

April 2 – Jan Tschichold, German typographer (d. 1974)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
April 4
- Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin, French author (d. 1969)
- Stanley G. Weinbaum, American science-fiction author (d. 1935)
April 8
- Andrew Irvine, British mountaineer (d. 1924)
- Josef Krips, Austrian conductor, violinist (d. 1974)
April 12 – Louis Beel, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1977)
April 14 – Yakov Smushkevich, Soviet Air Force general (d. 1941)
April 18 – Giuseppe Pella, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1981)
April 20 – Sir Donald Wolfit, English actor (d. 1968)
April 23 – Halldór Laxness, Icelandic writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
April 30 – Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)<ref>Template:Nobelprize</ref>

May

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Alfred Kastler

May 2 – Brian Aherne, English actor (d. 1986)
May 3 – Alfred Kastler, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize (d. 1984)
May 6 – Max Ophüls, German film director (d. 1957)
May 8 – André Michel Lwoff, French microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1994)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
May 10
- Anatole Litvak, Ukrainian-born film director (d. 1974)
- David O. Selznick, American film producer (d. 1965)
May 15 – Richard J. Daley, American politician, 48th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1976)
May 18 – Meredith Willson, American composer (d. 1984)
May 21
- Marcel Breuer, Hungarian-born American architect (d. 1981)
- Leonidas Zervas, Greek organic chemist (d. 1980)
May 22 – Al Simmons, American baseball player (d. 1956)

June

File:Chichibunomiya Yasuhito.jpg

Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu

June 1 – C. Wade McClusky, United States Navy admiral (d. 1976)
June 8 – James Stillman Rockefeller, American Olympic rower and banker (d. 2004)
June 9 – Skip James, American Delta blues singer, songwriter, and musician (d. 1969)
June 16 – Barbara McClintock, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1992)
June 17 – F. F. E. Yeo-Thomas, English World War II hero (d. 1964)
June 22 – Henri Deglane, French wrestler (d. 1975)
June 25 – Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu, Japanese prince (d. 1953)
June 26 – Hugues Cuénod, Swiss tenor (d. 2010)
June 28 – Richard Rodgers, American composer (d. 1979)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

July

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George Murphy

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Sir Karl Popper

July 1 – William Wyler, German-born American film director (d. 1981)
July 4
- Meyer Lansky, Russian-born American mobster (d. 1983)
- George Murphy, American dancer, actor and politician (d. 1992)
July 8 – Gwendolyn B. Bennett, American writer (d. 1981)
July 10
- Kurt Alder, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
- Nicolás Guillén, Cuban poet, journalist, political activist and writer (d. 1989)
July 16 – Alexander Luria, Russian neuropsychologist (d. 1977)
July 18 – Chill Wills, American actor, singer (d. 1978)
July 28
- Albert Namatjira, Australian painter (d. 1959)
- Karl Popper, Austrian-born British philosopher (d. 1994)
July 31 – Gubby Allen, Australian-born English cricketer, cricket administrator (d. 1989)