1732

April 16: Shah Tahmasp II of Persia is overthrown by General Nadir Khan.

Herman Boerhaave publishes Elementa chemiae, considered the first text on chemistry.

Events

January 21 – Russia and Persia sign the Treaty of Riascha at Resht.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Based on the terms of the agreement, Russia will no longer establish claims over Persian territories.
February 9 – The Swedish East India Company begins its profitable first expedition to China, departing Gothenburg on the ship Friedericus Rex Sueciae under the command of Colin Campbell.
February 14 – Henry Fielding's comedy The Modern Husband premieres at the Royal Theatre on Drury Lane in London.
February 25 – John Stackhouse is appointed by the British East India Company as the new President of the Bengal Presidency and serves for seven years.
February 27 – Herat Campaign: General Nader Shah of Persia (now Iran) suppresses the rebellion by Zulfiqar Khan in the city of Herat in what is now Afghanistan. <ref>"Herat I 1731-1732/Afghan Wars", in Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O, by Tony Jaques (Greenwood Press, 2007) p445</ref>
March 19 – Chamaraja Wodeyar VII becomes the new Maharaja of the Kingdom of Mysore in Southern India, now the state of Karnataka and parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
March 3 – English Captain Charles Gough rediscovers Gough Island in the South Atlantic.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
March 30 – MPs John Birch and Denis Bond are expelled from the House of Commons of Great Britain after using their positions on the Commission for Forfeited Lands to make fraudulent sales.

April 12 – King Christian VI of Denmark-Norway signs the charter for the new Danish Asia Company (Dansk Asiatisk Kompagni), granting it a 40-year monopoly on Denmark-Norway's trade in Asia, leading to the creation of Danish India and cities of Trankebar (now Tharangambadi in Tamil Nadu), Frederiknagore (now Serampore in West Bengal) and the Frederiksøerne Islands (now the Nicobar Islands).
April 16 – After his disastrous attempt to fight the Ottoman Empire, Shah Tahmasp II is removed from the throne of Iran by one of his generals, Nader Khan, who later proclaims himself the King of Persia in Tahmasp's place as Nader Shah.
May 10 – Representatives of the heirs of William Penn and of Lord Baltimore, the respective owners of most of the land in the Province of Pennsylvania and the Province of Maryland set out the boundary between the two future U.S. states after a survey determines that Philadelphia is located on the Maryland side of the border. The dispute eventually leads to a lawsuit and the eventual survey by Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon to determine the Mason–Dixon line.
May 13 – Rebels in Corsica agree to allow the Republic of Genoa to resume its administration of the island in return for amnesty and promised reforms.
May 28 – Dirck van Cloon becomes the new Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia).
June 9 – James Oglethorpe is granted a royal charter for the colony of Georgia.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

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August 21 – Mikhail Gvozdev in the Sviatoi Gavriil makes the first known crossing of the Bering Strait, from Cape Dezhnev to Cape Prince of Wales in Alaska, marking the first time that Europeans have reached the northwest coast of North America.<ref>Grinëv, Andreĭ Valʹterovich (translated by Richard L. Bland) (2018). Russian Colonization of Alaska: Preconditions, Discovery, and Initial Development, 1741-1799. University of Nebraska Press.</ref>
September 13 – The Treaty of the Three Black Eagles or the Treaty of Berlin, a secret treaty between the Austrian Empire, the Russian Empire and Prussia against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
September 16
- The magnitude 5.8 Montreal earthquake occurs in Quebec (New France).
- A military warehouse explosion kills up to two-thirds of the population of Campo Maior, Portugal.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

October 7 – French Army Lieutenant General Florent-Jean de Vallière is tasked by King Louis XV to improve France's method of forging cannons.
October 16 – Russia approves the second Kamchatka expedition of Danish-born Russian cartographer Vitus Bering, and the Admiralty orders him to sail east and try to claim uncharted lands in North America.
November 29 – The magnitude 6.6 Irpinia earthquake causes 1,940 deaths in the former Kingdom of Naples.
December 5 – 139 members of the Parlement of Paris, exiled by order of King Louis XV, secure their recall. <ref>B. Robert Kreiser, Miracles, Convulsions, and Ecclesiastical Politics in Early Eighteenth-Century Paris (Princeton University Press, 2015) p240</ref>
December 7 – The original Theatre Royal, Covent Garden, London (the modern-day Royal Opera House) is opened.
December 19 – Benjamin Franklin, in the Pennsylvania Gazette, first advertises the publication of Poor Richard's Almanack, purportedly written by "Richard Saunders", a pen name used by Franklin. <ref>Benjamin Franklin, The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, ed. by John Bigelow (G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1889) (editor's note, p170) </ref> The book goes on sale on December 28. <ref>"Poor Richard's Almanac", by William Pencak, in A Companion to Benjamin Franklin, by David Waldstreicher (Wiley, 2011)</ref> The annual publication will continue until 1758.

Herman Boerhaave publishes the authorized edition of his Elementa chemiae, recognised as the first text on chemistry.<ref>Clow, Archibald & Nan L. Clow The Chemical Revolution, Batchworth Press, London, 1952.</ref>
The world's first lightship is moored at the Nore, in the Thames Estuary of England.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
This year's General Assembly of the Church of Scotland gives rise to the First Secession of 1733.