Jump to content

Drammen

From Niidae Wiki

Template:For Template:More citations needed Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox kommune

Drammen (Template:IPA) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger.

Location

[edit]

Drammen is located west of the Oslofjord inlet, situated approximately 44 km (27 mi) southwest of the capital city of Oslo. There are more than 100,000 inhabitants in the municipality, though the city is the regional capital of an area with around 82,000 residents. Drammen, and its adjacent communities, are experiencing more socioeconomic and population growth than ever before. The city makes good use of the Drammensfjord, a waterway utilised for recreation, fishing and other activities, as well as waterfront housing.

Name and coat of arms

[edit]

The Old Norse form of the city's name was Drafn, and this was originally the name of the inner part of Drammensfjord. The fjord is, however, probably named after the river Drammenselva (Norse Drǫfn), and this again is derived from drǫfn f 'wave'.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The coat-of-arms is from modern times. They were granted on 17 November 1960. The arms has a silver-colored column on top a silver-colored bedrock crossed with a silver-colored key and sword against a blue background.<ref>Template:Citation</ref> It is based upon the old seal dating from 1723 for Bragernes, one of the central parts of Drammen. The motto for Bragernes (in Latin) was In Fide Et Justitia Fortitudo (Template:Langx), and the items in the seal are referring to this: key = faith, sword = justice, column on rocks = strength.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Governance

[edit]

On January 1, 2020, the municipalities of Svelvik, Nedre Eiker and Drammen merged to form «The New Drammen Municipality». The new municipality, which is now called Drammen, is Norway's seventh largest with over 100,000 residents. The main seat of the Greater Municipality is located in the city of Drammen. Drammen city had a population of 82.875 inhabitants in 2021, but serves as a regional centre for an area that had a population of 110.236 inhabitants in 2021.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The city is the country's record champion in environment and urban development, 21 prices since 2003 with 16 national and 5 international.

Districts

[edit]

After the merger of the municipalities Drammen, Nedre Eiker and Svelvik in 2020, the municipality was then divided into ten municipal regions: Template:Columns-list

File:Drammens kommunedeler 2023.jpg
Municipal regions in Drammen
File:Tettsteder i Drammen Kommune 2021.png
Map of the urban area of Drammen 2021

<ref>https://www.drammen.kommune.no/globalassets/om-kommunen/dokumenter/drammensguiden2020.pdf Template:Bare URL PDF</ref>

File:Drammensfjorden.jpg
Map of Drammensfjorden

History

[edit]

Rock carvings at Åskollen and Austad are 6000 to 7000 years old, and are the first signs of human activity in the area. The largest rock carving at Åskollen depicts a moose.

Drammen originally consisted of three small seaports: Bragernes (on the northern side of the Drammenselva river) and Strømsø and Tangen (both on the southern side of the river). For trade purposes, small seaports were placed under market towns. Despite their geographical proximity, Bragernes was placed under Christiania and Strømsø under Tønsberg. For this reason, cooperation between the adjacent seaport towns was almost impossible.

In 1662, a merger was proposed to unite Strømsø and Bragernes to form a market town with the name Frederiksstrøm. The proposal was rejected by King Frederick III. Bragernes received limited market town rights in 1715, and merged with Strømsø to gain status as a single city on 19 June 1811.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Its geographical location made the city favorable for seafaring, shipbuilding, log driving, timber trade. During the 19th century, paper and pulp industries were developed. Large parts of the city were ruined in the great fire of 12–13 July 1866,Template:Sfn which led to the reconstruction of the city centre, including the characteristic town square and Bragernes church. The Drammen Line (Drammenbanen ) opened in 1872 providing rail service between Drammen and Oslo.<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1909, Drammen got the first trolleybus system in Scandinavia, the Drammen trolleybus. The lines ran until 1967. For many years the centre of Drammen suffered from heavy traffic. In 1970, Drammen Bridge with two lanes on European route E18 was built (expanded to four lanes in 2006) and in 1999 the opening of the Bragernes tunnel (Bragernestunnelen) diverted additional traffic away from the centre of the city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In recent years, the city centre has seen the introduction of new housing, shopping facilities, restaurants, cafes and bars, as well as a public pathway along the Drammenselva river.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2011, Drammen observed its 200th anniversary with many citywide jubilee celebrations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Drammen's district heating system was upgraded to use water-sourced heat pumps, drawing on local fjord water, to support population growth in the city.<ref name=bbc-20150310>Template:Cite news</ref>

Geography

[edit]

Drammen is one of the larger cities in Norway, and lies about Template:Convert from the capital of Norway, Oslo. The city centre lies at the end of a valley, on both sides of the Drammenselva river, and where the river meets the Drammensfjord. The Holmen island in Drammen is also the main harbor for car and fruit import in Norway.

The Drammen region is part of the metropolitan region around Oslo and the country's fifth largest urban area, it extends far beyond the municipal boundaries; into the municipalities of Lier, Asker, Øvre Eiker and Holmestrand. The total population of the settlement is 110,236 inhabitants as of 1 January 2021.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2008 Drammen won the prestigious prize for the best city development in Europe.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Further

Climate

[edit]

Drammen has a humid continental climate (Dfb). Located at a sheltered location at the head of a narrow fjord branch of innermost Oslofjord, Drammen is one of the warmest cities in Scandinavia in summer. The warmest month on record was July 2018 with mean Template:Convert, average daily high Template:Convert and 11 days with highs at or above Template:Convert. The all-time high Template:Convert was recorded August 3, 1982, and is a tie with the national high for the month. The September record high is the national record. The all-time low Template:Convert was recorded in January 1987, which is the coldest month on record with mean Template:Convert and average daily low Template:Convert. In more recent years, December 2010 was almost as cold. The average date for first overnight freeze (low below Template:Convert) in autumn is 13 October (1981–2010 average).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Drammen-Berskog weather station has been operating since 2004. An earlier weather station named Drammen-Marienlyst (3 m) operated from 1966 to 2003.

Template:Clear Template:Weather box

Demographics

[edit]

As of 2022, Immigrants and Norwegian-born with immigrant parents in Drammen is 29 per cent,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> of which 25 per cent are Norwegian-born with immigrant parents.

As of 2022, immigrants of non-Western origin and their children enumerated 20,507 and made up an estimated 22% of Drammen's population.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Immigrants of Western origin and their children enumerated 9,333 and made up an estimated 9% of Drammen's population.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Minorities (1st and 2nd generation) by country of origin in 2021<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Ancestry Number
Template:Flag 3,419
Template:Flag 2,689
Template:Flag 1,662
Template:Flag 1,425
Template:Flag 1,263
Template:Flag 1,194
Template:Flag 1,101
Template:Flag 1,029
Template:Flag 959
Template:Flag 923
Template:Flag 908
Template:Flag 824
Template:Flag 710
Template:Flag 706
Template:Flag 663
Persons
2022<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
3005 Drammen
Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents
Total 29 840
Nordic countries except Norway, EU/EFTA, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand 9 333
Europe except EU/EFTA/UK, Africa, Asia, America except USA and Canada, Oceania except Australia and New Zealand, polar regions 20 507
Immigrants
Total 22 249
Nordic countries except Norway, EU/EFTA, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand 8 120
Europe except EU/EFTA/UK, Africa, Asia, America except USA and Canada, Oceania except Australia and New Zealand, polar regions 14 129
Norwegian-born to immigrant parents
Total 7 591
Nordic countries except Norway, EU/EFTA, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand 1 213
Europe except EU/EFTA/UK, Africa, Asia, America except USA and Canada, Oceania except Australia and New Zealand, polar regions 6 378

Attractions

[edit]
File:Aass.JPG
Aass Brewery
File:Øvre sund bru fra Bragernes siden.jpg
Øvre sund bridge
File:Drammens museum.jpg
Drammens museum
File:Drammens teater.jpg
Drammen Theater
File:Drammen fra Nordbykollen 2018 (1).jpg
Drammen seen from Nordbykollen

Aass Brewery

[edit]

Template:Main Aass Brewery is the oldest surviving brewery in Norway, and has won acclaim for both its beer and its well-conserved building. Founded in 1834, the brewery's primary products are soft drinks, beer and aquavit.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Bridges

[edit]
  • Øvre Sund Bridge (Øvre Sund bru) – crosses Drammenselva in the center of Drammen<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Drammen City Bridge (Drammensbrua bybro) – was a concrete bridge connecting the two centers of the city, built in 1936 and demolished in 2022. A new city bridge will open in the autumn of 2025 on the same site. A temporary pedestrian bridge crosses the river adjacent to the site of the new bridge under construction. <ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Drammen Bridge (Drammensbrua) – motorway box girder bridge on E18 that crosses Drammenselva, built 1971<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>
  • Ypsilon Bridge (Ypsilon bru) – cable-stayed pedestrian bridge over Drammenselva, built 2007
  • Holmen bridges (Holmenbruene) – two railway bridges on the Drammen Line<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>
  • Nedre Eiker Bridge – (Nedre Eiker bru) crosses Drammenselva up the river connecting the towns Krokstadelva og Mjøndalen.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Mjøndalsbrua – The old bridge between Mjøndalen and Krokstadelva, built for crossing of horse-drawn carriages in 1910.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Drammen Museum

[edit]

Template:Main The Drammen Museum of Art and Cultural History includes Marienlyst, a manor house from ca. 1770, museum building from 1930 with the museum's administration, permanent exhibitions and collections, and Lyche pavilion from 1990 with the gallery, temporary exhibitions and museum café, Halling yard, with 5 old buildings, the oldest from 1760s. The museum also includes the two largest preserved like farms in Drammen, Gulskogen Manor and Austad farm.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Drammen Spiral

[edit]

The Drammen Spiral is a road tunnel that allows access to the Skansen Ridge, Template:Convert above the town. It opened in 1961 on the site of a former quarry.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Drammen Theater

[edit]

Drammen Theater in Bragernes was built in 1869 and was designed by architect Emil Victor Langlet. The theater was the first modern theater in the country. It was designed in a complex Renaissance style with symmetrical facades and round arched windows. After Drammen Theater suffered total destruction by fire in December 1993, a new theater was rebuilt on the model of the original house. It was finished during February 1997.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Drammensbadet

[edit]

Drammensbadet is a public swimming and training facility located in Marienlyst, Drammen. It was one of the largest in Norway when it opened 1 September 2008. They have five indoor and four outdoor pools.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Bragernes Torg (town square)

[edit]

Bragernes Torg is the largest town square in Norway and one of the longest in the Nordics.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Sport clubs

[edit]
File:Marienlyst soccer stadium, Drammen.jpg
The stadium to Strømsgodset Toppfotball

Notable residents

[edit]

Template:Main category

Public service & business

[edit]
File:33512 Betzy Kjelsberg.jpg
Betzy Kjelsberg, 1935
File:Thorbjørn Jagland (30366602783) (cropped).jpg
Thorbjørn Jagland, 2016

The Arts

[edit]
File:Arbopeternicolai.jpg
Peter Nicolai Arbo, 1874
File:Katharina Nuttall video'-shoot.JPG
Katharina Nuttall, 2010

Sport

[edit]
File:Bjoerndalen cutout.JPG
Ole Einar Bjoerndalen, 2007

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]

Template:See also Drammen is twinned with:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

[edit]

References

[edit]

Template:Reflist

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]

Template:Wiktionary Template:Commons category Template:EB1911 poster

Template:Buskerud Template:25 largest municipalities of Norway Template:Most populous urban areas of Norway Template:50 most populous Nordic urban settlements

Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "https://wiki.niidae.com/index.php?title=Drammen&oldid=133114"