1998 FIFA World Cup
Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Redirect Template:Redirect Template:Redirect Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox international football competition The 1998 FIFA World Cup was the 16th FIFA World Cup, the football world championship for men's national teams. The finals tournament was held in France from 10 June to 12 July 1998. The country was chosen as the host nation by FIFA for the second time in the history of the tournament (the first was in 1938), defeating Morocco in the bidding process. It was the ninth time that it was held in Europe. Spanning 32 days, it was the longest World Cup tournament ever held.
Qualification for the finals began in March 1996 and concluded in November 1997. For the first time in the competition, the group stage was expanded from 24 teams to 32, with eight groups of four. 64 matches were played in 10 stadiums in 10 host cities, with the opening match and final staged at the newly built Stade de France in the Parisian commune of Saint-Denis.
The tournament was won by host country France, who beat defending champions Brazil 3–0 in the final. France won their first title, becoming the seventh nation to win a World Cup, and the sixth (after Uruguay, Italy, England, West Germany and Argentina) to win the World Cup on home soil. As of 2022, they are the most recent team to win the tournament on home soil. Croatia, Jamaica, Japan and South Africa made their first appearances in the tournament.
Host selection
[edit]Template:Main France was awarded the 1998 World Cup on 2 July 1992 by the executive committee of FIFA during a general meeting in Zürich, Switzerland. They defeated Morocco by 12 votes to 7.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Switzerland withdrew, due to being unable to meet FIFA's requirements. This made France the third country to host two World Cups, after Mexico and Italy in 1986 and 1990 respectively. France previously hosted the third edition of the World Cup in 1938. England, who hosted the competition in 1966 and won it, were among the original applicants, but later withdrew their application in favour of an ultimately successful bid to host UEFA Euro 1996.
| Voting results<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Round 1 | ||
| France | 12 | ||
| Morocco | 7 | ||
Bribery and corruption investigations
[edit]On 4 June 2015, while co-operating with the FBI and the Swiss authorities, Chuck Blazer confirmed that he and other members of FIFA's executive committee were bribed during the 1998 and 2010 World Cups host selection process. Blazer stated that "we facilitated bribes in conjunction with the selection of the host nation for the 1998 World Cup". Since France won the selection process it was initially thought the bribery came from its bid committee. It eventually transpired that the bribe payment was from the failed Moroccan bid.<ref>Vicki Hodges, Giles Mole, JJ Bull, Luke Brown and Rob Crilly, "Fifa whistleblower Chuck Blazer – bribes accepted for 1998 and 2010 World Cups: as it happened", The Telegraph, 3 June 2015 Template:Webarchive. Retrieved 4 June 2015</ref><ref>Owen Gibson, Paul Lewis, "Fifa informant Chuck Blazer: I took bribes over 1998 and 2010 World Cups", The Guardian, 3 June 2015 Template:Webarchive. Retrieved 4 June 2015</ref><ref>Tarik El Barakah, "U.S. judge claims that Morocco bribed FIFA to host 1998 World Cup", Moroccow World News, 28 May 2015 Template:Webarchive. Retrieved 31 January 2017</ref>
Qualification
[edit]Template:Main The qualification draw for the 1998 World Cup finals took place in the Musée du Louvre, Paris on 12 December 1995.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> As tournament hosts, France was exempt from the draw as was defending champion Brazil, but it was also France's first World Cup since 1986. 174 teams from six confederations participated, 24 more than in the previous round. Fourteen countries qualified from the European zone (in addition to hosts France). Ten were determined after group play – nine group winners and the best second-placed team; the other eight group runners-up were drawn into pairs of four play-off matches with the winners qualifying for the finals as well.<ref>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Cbignore</ref> CONMEBOL (South America) and CAF (Africa) were each given five spots in the final tournament, while three spots were contested between 30 CONCACAF members in the North and Central America and the Caribbean zone. The winner of the Oceanian zone advanced to an intercontinental play-off against the runner-up of the Asian play-off, determined by the two best second-placed teams.
Four nations qualified for the first time: Croatia, Jamaica, Japan and South Africa. The last team to qualify was Iran by virtue of beating Australia in a two-legged tie on 29 November 1997.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It marked their first appearance in the finals since 1978, Chile qualified for the first time since 1982, after serving a ban that saw them miss out on the two previous tournaments. Paraguay and Denmark returned for the first time since 1986. Austria, England, Scotland and Yugoslavia returned after missing out on the 1994 tournament, with the Balkan team now appearing under the name of FR Yugoslavia. Among the teams who failed to qualify were two-time winners Uruguay (for the second successive tournament); Portugal (their last absence as of 2022); Sweden, who finished third in 1994; Russia (who failed to qualify for the first time since 1978 after losing to Italy in the play-off round); and the Republic of Ireland, who had qualified for the previous two tournaments.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The highest-ranked team not to qualify was the UEFA Euro 1996 runners-up the Czech Republic (ranked 3rd), while the lowest-ranked team that did qualify was Nigeria (ranked 74th).
As of 2022, this was the last time Austria, Bulgaria, Norway, Romania and Scotland qualified for a FIFA World Cup finals, and the only time Jamaica have qualified.
List of qualified teams
[edit]Template:See also The following 32 teams, shown with final pre-tournament rankings,<ref name="FIFA">Template:Cite web</ref> qualified for the final tournament. Template:Col-begin Template:Col-4
- AFC (4)
- Template:Fb (42)
- Template:Fb (debut) (12)
- Template:Fb (34)
- Template:Fb (20)
- CAF (5)
- Template:Fb (49)
- Template:Fb (13)
- Template:Fb (74)
- Template:Fb (debut) (24)
- Template:Fb (21)
- OFC (0)
- None qualified
- CONCACAF (3)
- Template:Fb (debut) (30)
- Template:Fb (4)
- Template:Fb (11)
- CONMEBOL (5)
- Template:Fb (6)
- Template:Fb (holders) (1)
- Template:Fb (9)
- Template:Fb (10)
- Template:Fb (29)
- UEFA (15)
- Template:Fb (31)
- Template:Fb (36)
- Template:Fb (35)
- Template:Fb (debut) (19)
- Template:Fb (27)
- Template:Fb (5)
- Template:Fb (18) (hosts)
- Template:Fb (2)
- Template:Fb (14)
- Template:Fb (25)
- Template:Fb (7)
- Template:Fb (22)
- Template:Fb (41)
- Template:Fb (15)
- Template:Flagdeco FR Yugoslavia (8)
| Teams listed by FIFA ranking as of May 1998<ref name="FIFA"/> | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Confederation | Rank | |
| 1 | Template:Fb (1994 winner) | CONMEBOL | 1 |
| 2 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 2 |
| 3 | Template:Fb | CONCACAF | 4 |
| 4 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 5 |
| 5 | Template:Fb | CONMEBOL | 6 |
| 6 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 7 |
| 7 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 8 |
| 8 | Template:Fb | CONMEBOL | 9 |
| 9 | Template:Fb | CONMEBOL | 10 |
| 10 | Template:Fb | CONCACAF | 11 |
| 11 | Template:Fb | AFC | 12 |
| 12 | Template:Fb | CAF | 13 |
| 13 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 14 |
| 14 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 15 |
| 15 | Template:Fb (host) | UEFA | 18 |
| 16 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 19 |
| 17 | Template:Fb | AFC | 20 |
| 18 | Template:Fb | CAF | 21 |
| 19 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 22 |
| 20 | Template:Fb | CAF | 24 |
| 21 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 25 |
| 22 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 27 |
| 23 | Template:Fb | CONMEBOL | 29 |
| 24 | Template:Fb | CONCACAF | 30 |
| 25 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 31 |
| 26 | Template:Fb | AFC | 34 |
| 27 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 35 |
| 28 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 36 |
| 29 | Template:Fb | UEFA | 41 |
| 30 | Template:Fb | AFC | 42 |
| 31 | Template:Fb | CAF | 49 |
| 32 | Template:Fb | CAF | 74 |
Venues
[edit]France's bid to host the World Cup centered on a national stadium with 80,000 seats and nine other stadiums located across the country.Template:Sfn When the finals were originally awarded in July 1992, none of the regional club grounds were of a capacity meeting FIFA's requirements – namely being able to safely seat 40,000.Template:Sfn The proposed national stadium, colloquially referred to as the 'Grand stade', met with controversy at every stage of planning; the stadium's location was determined by politics, finance and national symbolism,Template:Sfn as Mayor of Paris Jacques Chirac successfully negotiated a deal with Prime Minister Édouard Balladur to bring the Stade de France, as it was now called, to the commune of Saint-Denis just north of the capital city.Template:Sfn Construction on the stadium started in December 1995 and was completed after 26 months of work in November 1997 at a cost of ₣2.67 billion.Template:Sfn
The choice of stadium locations was drafted from an original list of 14 cities.Template:Sfn FIFA and CFO monitored the progress and quality of preparations, culminating in the former providing final checks of the grounds weeks before the tournament commenced. Montpellier was the surprise inclusion from the final list of cities because of its low urban hierarchy in comparison to Strasbourg, who boasted a better hierarchy and success from its local football team, having been taken over by a consortium. Montpellier however was considered ambitious by the selecting panel to host World Cup matches. The local city and regional authorities in particular had invested heavily into football the previous two decades and were able to measure economic effects, in terms of jobs as early as in 1997.Template:Sfn Some of the venues used for this tournament were also used for the previous World Cup in France in 1938. The Stade Vélodrome in Marseille, the Stade Municipal in Toulouse, the Gerland in Lyon, the Parc Lescure in Bordeaux and the Parc des Princes in Paris received the honour of hosting World Cup matches once again in 1998 as they had all done in 1938.
10 stadiums were used for the finals; in addition to nine matches being played at the Stade de France (the most used stadium in the tournament), a further six matches took place in Paris Saint-Germain's Parc des Princes, bringing Paris's total matches hosted to 15. France played four of their seven matches in the national stadium; they also played in the country's second and third largest cities, Marseille (hosting 7 total matches) and Lyon (hosting 6 total matches), as well as a Round of 16 knockout match in the northern city of Lens (also hosting 6 total matches). Nantes, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Montpellier and Saint-Etienne also hosted 6 matches in total; all of the stadiums used also hosted knockout round matches.
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Innovations
[edit]Technologies
[edit]This was the first FIFA World Cup where fourth officials used electronic boards, instead of cardboard.<ref name=sport24ZA/>
Rule changes
[edit]This was the first World Cup since the introduction of golden goals,<ref name=sport24ZA>France 1998. Template:Webarchive Sport24, 5 May 2010 12:12.</ref> banning of tackles from behind that endanger the safety of an opponent<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and allowance of three substitutions per game.<ref>Substitute the subs rule? By Mitch Phillips, 5 November 2007 Reuters Soccer Blog.</ref>
Match officials
[edit]34 referees and 33 assistants officiated in the 1998 World Cup.<ref name="Refs">Template:Cite web</ref> As a result of the extension to 32 teams in the finals, there was an increase of 10 referees and 11 officials from the 1994 World Cup.<ref name="Refs"/> Template:Col-float-begin
- CAF (5)
- Template:Fbaicon Said Belqola
- Template:Fbaicon Gamal Al-Ghandour
- Template:Fbaicon Lucien Bouchardeau
- Template:Fbaicon Lim Kee Chong
- Template:Fbaicon Ian McLeod
- AFC (4)
- Template:Fbaicon Abdul Rahman Al-Zaid
- Template:Fbaicon Ali Bujsaim
- Template:Fbaicon Masayoshi Okada
- Template:Fbaicon Pirom Un-Prasert
- UEFA (15)
- Template:Fbaicon Marc Batta
- Template:Fbaicon Günter Benkö
- Template:Fbaicon Pierluigi Collina
- Template:Fbaicon Hugh Dallas
- Template:Fbaicon Paul Durkin
- Template:Fbaicon José María García-Aranda
- Template:Fbaicon Bernd Heynemann
- Template:Fbaicon Nikolai Levnikov
- Template:Fbaicon Urs Meier
- Template:Fbaicon Vítor Melo Pereira
- Template:Fbaicon Kim Milton Nielsen
- Template:Fbaicon Rune Pedersen
- Template:Fbaicon László Vágner
- Template:Fbaicon Mario van der Ende
- Template:Fbaicon Ryszard Wójcik
- CONCACAF (3)
- Template:Fbaicon Esfandiar Baharmast
- Template:Fbaicon Arturo Brizio Carter
- Template:Fbaicon Ramesh Ramdhan
- OFC (1)
- CONMEBOL (6)
- Template:Fbaicon Javier Castrilli
- Template:Fbaicon Epifanio González
- Template:Fbaicon Márcio Rezende de Freitas
- Template:Fbaicon Mario Sánchez Yanten
- Template:Fbaicon Alberto Tejada Noriega
- Template:Fbaicon John Toro Rendón
Draw
[edit]Template:Anchor Template:Further
The FIFA Organising Committee announced the eight seeded teams on 3 December 1997 at Marseille's Stade Vélodrome. The draw was conducted by at the time FIFA general secretary Joseph Blatter and many celebrities helped with the draw such as former players as Franz Beckenbauer, George Weah, Jean-Pierre Papin, Raymond Kopa, Georges Carnus and women's football player Mia Hamm.
The historic tradition to seed the hosts (France) and holders (Brazil) was upheld; while the remaining six seeds were granted for the other top7-ranked teams, based on their results obtained in the last three FIFA World Cups (ratio 3:2:1, counting in total 60%) and their FIFA World Ranking position in the last month of the past three years (equal ratio, counting in total 40%).<ref name="Seeding">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="DrawProcedure">Template:Cite news</ref>
For the draw, the 32 teams were allocated into four pots. The eight top-seeded teams were allocated in pot A and would be drawn/selected into the first position of the eight groups playing in the group stage. The remaining 24 unseeded teams were allocated into three pots based on geographical sections, with the: Nine European teams in pot B; four Asian teams and three South American teams in pot C; five African teams and three North American teams in pot D.<ref name="Draw of Groups"/>
The general principle was to draw one team from each pot into the eight groups, although with special combined procedures for pot B and pot C, due to comprising more/less than eight teams - but sixteen teams in total. At the same time, the draw also needed to respect the geographical limitation, that each group could not feature more than one team from each confederation, except for the European teams where the limitation was maximum two per group.<ref name="Draw of Groups"/>
| Pot A Top-seeded teams (Template:Tooltip + Host + Top7 seeds) |
Pot B Europe (UEFA) |
Pot C Asia & South America (AFC & CONMEBOL) |
Pot D Africa & North America (CAF & CONCACAF) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Plainlist | Template:Plainlist | Template:Plainlist | Template:Plainlist |
- The draw took place at Stade Vélodrome in Marseille, and was televised live on 4 December 1997: FIFA World Cup Draw on BBC Sport.
For the first time in history, the draw event took place in a football stadium, with 38,000 spectators and an estimated 1 billion TV viewers. The draw was officiated by FIFA secretary general Sepp Blatter. Teams were drawn by football legends Franz Beckenbauer, Carlos Alberto Parreira, George Weah and Raymond Kopa.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Organiser Michel Platini, who later became president of UEFA, admitted in 2018 that the draw for the group stage of the competition had been fixed so that France and Brazil were kept apart until the final, telling France Bleu Sport: "We did a bit of trickery. When we were organising the schedule. We did not spend six years organising the World Cup to not do some little shenanigans".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The statement from Platini referred to the fact that, shortly before the World Cup finals draw took place, the FIFA Organising Committee had met to finalise the draw process. At this meeting, the committee had approved the proposal to assign host nation France to group position C1 and defending champions Brazil to group position A1 ahead of the draw. As the tournament structure was also predetermined so that the winners of Groups A, D, E and H, and the runners-up of Groups B, C, F and G would be kept apart from the group winners of B, C, F and G, and the runners-up of Group A, D, E and H until the final; thus, France and Brazil could avoid meeting each other until the final if both teams finished in the same position in the top two of their respective groups.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Procedure for the draw:<ref name="Draw of Groups">Template:Cite AV media</ref>
- Pot A was used to draw the remaining six top-seeded teams for the first position of groups B, D, E, F, G and H.
- Pot D was used to draw one team to each of the eight groups (drawing in the alphabetic order from A to H).
- Pot B was used to draw one team to each of the eight groups (drawing in the alphabetic order from A to H).
- As per the FIFA rule of only allowing a maximum of two UEFA teams in each group, the remaining ninth team from Pot B, was subject to a second draw, to be put in either of the groups containing a top-seeded South American (CONMEBOL) team.
- Pot C was used to draw one team to each of the seven groups with an empty spot (drawing in alphabetical order from A to H). However, as each group could only contain one South American (CONMEBOL) team, the first Asian (AFC) team drawn would not be drawn into a group in alphabetical order, but instead be drawn into the remaining open group with a top-seeded South American (CONMEBOL) team.
- To decide the match schedules, the exact group position number for the un-seeded teams in each group (2, 3 or 4), were also drawn immediately from eight special group bowls, after each respective team had been drawn from pot D, B and C.
Draw results and group fixtures
[edit]The draw resulted in the following eight groups:<ref name="Draw of Groups"/> Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| A1 | Template:Fb |
| A2 | Template:Fb |
| A3 | Template:Fb |
| A4 | Template:Fb |
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| B1 | Template:Fb |
| B2 | Template:Fb |
| B3 | Template:Fb |
| B4 | Template:Fb |
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| C1 | Template:Fb |
| C2 | Template:Fb |
| C3 | Template:Fb |
| C4 | Template:Fb |
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| D1 | Template:Fb |
| D2 | Template:Fb |
| D3 | Template:Fb |
| D4 | Template:Fb |
Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| E1 | Template:Fb |
| E2 | Template:Fb |
| E3 | Template:Fb |
| E4 | Template:Fb |
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| F1 | Template:Fb |
| F2 | Template:Fb |
| F3 | Template:Fb |
| F4 | Template:Fb |
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| G1 | Template:Fb |
| G2 | Template:Fb |
| G3 | Template:Fb |
| G4 | Template:Fb |
| Template:Tooltip | Team |
|---|---|
| H1 | Template:Fb |
| H2 | Template:Fb |
| H3 | Template:Fb |
| H4 | Template:Fb |
Template:Col-end In each group, the teams played three matches, one against each of the other teams. Three points were awarded for each win, while a draw was worth one point. After completion of the group stage, the two teams with the most points in each group would advance to the knockout stage, with each group winner facing the runner-up from one of the other groups in the round of 16. This was a new format for the World Cup, following the expansion from 24 teams in 1994. A total of 64 games were played, including the final and a third-place play-off between the losers of the two semi-finals.
The fixtures for the group stage were decided based on the draw results, as follows:
| Matchday | Dates | Matches |
|---|---|---|
| Matchday 1 | 10–15 June 1998 | 1 v 2, 3 v 4 |
| Matchday 2 | 16–22 June 1998 | 1 v 3, 2 v 4 |
| Matchday 3 | 23–26 June 1998 | 4 v 1, 2 v 3 |
Squads
[edit]Template:Further As with the preceding tournament, each team's squad for the 1998 World Cup finals consisted of 22 players. Each participating national association had to confirm their final 22-player squad by 1 June 1998.
Out of the 704 players participating in the 1998 World Cup, 447 were signed up with a European club; 90 in Asia, 67 in South America, 61 in Northern and Central America and 37 in Africa.<ref name="Squad">Template:Cite web</ref> 75 played their club football in England – five more than Italy and Spain. Barcelona of Spain was the club contributing to the most players in the tournament with 13 players on their side.<ref name="Squad"/>
The average age of all teams was 27 years, 8 months – five months older than the previous tournament.Template:Sfn Samuel Eto'o of Cameroon was the youngest player selected in the competition at 17 years, 3 months, while the oldest was Jim Leighton of Scotland at 39 years, 11 months.Template:Sfn
Group stage
[edit]
All times are Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)
| Key for tables |
|---|
|
Group A
[edit]Template:Main Defending champions Brazil won Group A after only two matches as the nation achieved victories over Scotland (2–1) and Morocco (3–0). Heading into the third game, Brazil had nothing to play for but still started its regulars against Norway, who was looking to upset Brazil once again. Needing a victory, Norway overturned a 1–0 deficit with 7 minutes remaining to defeat Brazil 2–1, with Kjetil Rekdal scoring<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> the winning penalty to send Norway into the knockout stage for the first time.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Norway's victory denied Morocco a chance at the Round of 16, despite winning 3–0 against Scotland. It was only Morocco's second ever victory at a World Cup, having recorded its first previous win 12 years earlier on 11 June 1986.
Scotland managed only one point, coming in a 1–1 draw against Norway, and failed to get out of the first round for an eighth time in the FIFA World Cup, a record that stands to this date. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group A Template:Football box
Group B
[edit]Template:Main Italy and Chile progressed to the second round, while Austria failed to win for the first time since 1958 and Cameroon failed to get out of the group stage for the second time in a row. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group B Template:Football box
Group C
[edit]Template:Main France, the host nation, swept Group C when the start of their path to their first FIFA World Cup trophy culminated with their 2–1 win over Denmark, who despite their loss, progressed to the second round. Saudi Arabia, after a good performance four years earlier, finished bottom with only one point. Debutant South Africa grabbed two points and also exited at the group stage. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group C Template:Football box
Group D
[edit]Template:Main Nigeria and Paraguay advanced to the Round of 16 after a surprise elimination of top seed Spain, while Bulgaria failed to repeat their surprise performance from the previous tournament. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group D Template:Football box
Group E
[edit]Template:Main The Netherlands and Mexico advanced with the same record, with the former placing first on goal difference. Belgium and eventual 2002 FIFA World Cup co-hosts South Korea failed to advance, although Belgium were undefeated with three draws. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group E Template:Football box
Group F
[edit]Template:Main Germany and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia advanced, each with 7 points (Germany took 1st through goal differential tiebreak). Iran and 1994 host United States failed to advance. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group F Template:Football box
Template:Main Template:Football box
Group G
[edit]Template:Main Romania topped the group over England, while Colombia and Tunisia were unable to reach the last 16, despite Colombia having one win. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group G Template:Football box
Group H
[edit]Template:Main Argentina finished at the top of Group H against three debutants. Croatia took the runners-up spot while Jamaica and Japan failed to advance. 1998 FIFA World Cup Group H Template:Football box
Knockout stage
[edit]Template:Main The knockout stage comprised the 16 teams that advanced from the group stage of the tournament. For each game in the knockout stage, any draw at 90 minutes was followed by 30 minutes of extra time; if scores were still level, there was a penalty shoot-out to determine who progressed to the next round. The Golden goal rule was also used, whereby if a team scored during extra time, they would immediately win the game.
Bracket
[edit]Round of 16
[edit]{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 1}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 2}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 3}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 4}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 5}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 6}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 7}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|R of 16 8}}
Quarter-finals
[edit]{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|QF1}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|QF2}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|QF3}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|QF4}}
Semi-finals
[edit]{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|SF1}}
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|SF2}}
Third place play-off
[edit]Croatia beat the Netherlands to earn third place in the competition. Davor Šuker scored the winner in the 36th minute to secure the golden boot.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> {{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|Third}}
Final
[edit]Template:Main The final was held on 12 July 1998 at the Stade de France, Saint-Denis. France defeated holders Brazil 3–0, with two goals from Zinedine Zidane and a stoppage time strike from Emmanuel Petit. The win gave France their first World Cup title, becoming the sixth national team after Uruguay, Italy, England, West Germany and Argentina to win the tournament on their home soil. They also inflicted the second-heaviest World Cup defeat on Brazil,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> later to be topped by Brazil's 7–1 defeat by Germany in the semi-finals of the 2014 FIFA World Cup.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The pre-match build up was dominated by the omission of Brazilian striker Ronaldo from the starting lineup only to be reinstated 45 minutes before kick-off.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He managed to create the first open chance for Brazil in the 22nd minute, dribbling past defender Thuram before sending a cross out on the left side that goalkeeper Fabien Barthez struggled to hold onto. France however took the lead after Brazilian defender Roberto Carlos conceded a corner from which Zidane scored via a header. Three minutes before half-time, Zidane scored his second goal of the match, similarly another header from a corner. The tournament hosts went down to ten men in the 68th minute as Marcel Desailly was sent off for a second bookable offence. Brazil reacted to this by making an attacking substitution and although they applied pressure France sealed the win with a third goal: substitute Patrick Vieira set up his club teammate Petit in a counterattack to shoot low past goalkeeper Cláudio Taffarel.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
French president Jacques Chirac was in attendance to congratulate the winners and commiserate the runners-up after the match.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Several days after the victory, winning manager Aimé Jacquet announced his resignation from the French team with immediate effect.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
{{#lst:1998 FIFA World Cup Final|Final}}
Statistics
[edit]Goalscorers
[edit]Davor Šuker received the Golden Boot for scoring six goals. In total, 171 goals were scored by 112 players:
- 6 goals
- 5 goals
- 4 goals
- 3 goals
- Template:Flagicon Bebeto
- Template:Flagicon César Sampaio
- Template:Flagicon Rivaldo
- Template:Flagicon Thierry Henry
- Template:Flagicon Oliver Bierhoff
- Template:Flagicon Jürgen Klinsmann
- Template:Flagicon Dennis Bergkamp
- 2 goals
- Template:Flagicon Ariel Ortega
- Template:Flagicon Marc Wilmots
- Template:Flagicon Robert Prosinečki
- Template:Flagicon Brian Laudrup
- Template:Flagicon Michael Owen
- Template:Flagicon Alan Shearer
- Template:Flagicon Emmanuel Petit
- Template:Flagicon Lilian Thuram
- Template:Flagicon Zinedine Zidane
- Template:Flagicon Roberto Baggio
- Template:Flagicon Theodore Whitmore
- Template:Flagicon Ricardo Peláez
- Template:Flagicon Salaheddine Bassir
- Template:Flagicon Abdeljalil Hadda
- Template:Flagicon Phillip Cocu
- Template:Flagicon Ronald de Boer
- Template:Flagicon Patrick Kluivert
- Template:Flagicon Viorel Moldovan
- Template:Flagicon Shaun Bartlett
- Template:Flagicon Fernando Hierro
- Template:Flagicon Fernando Morientes
- Template:Flagicon Slobodan Komljenović
- 1 goal
- Template:Flagicon Claudio López
- Template:Flagicon Mauricio Pineda
- Template:Flagicon Javier Zanetti
- Template:Flagicon Andreas Herzog
- Template:Flagicon Toni Polster
- Template:Flagicon Ivica Vastić
- Template:Flagicon Luc Nilis
- Template:Flagicon Emil Kostadinov
- Template:Flagicon Patrick M'Boma
- Template:Flagicon Pierre Njanka
- Template:Flagicon José Luis Sierra
- Template:Flagicon Léider Preciado
- Template:Flagicon Robert Jarni
- Template:Flagicon Mario Stanić
- Template:Flagicon Goran Vlaović
- Template:Flagicon Thomas Helveg
- Template:Flagicon Martin Jørgensen
- Template:Flagicon Michael Laudrup
- Template:Flagicon Peter Møller
- Template:Flagicon Allan Nielsen
- Template:Flagicon Marc Rieper
- Template:Flagicon Ebbe Sand
- Template:Flagicon Darren Anderton
- Template:Flagicon David Beckham
- Template:Flagicon Paul Scholes
- Template:Flagicon Laurent Blanc
- Template:Flagicon Youri Djorkaeff
- Template:Flagicon Christophe Dugarry
- Template:Flagicon Bixente Lizarazu
- Template:Flagicon David Trezeguet
- Template:Flagicon Andreas Möller
- Template:Flagicon Mehdi Mahdavikia
- Template:Flagicon Hamid Estili
- Template:Flagicon Luigi Di Biagio
- Template:Flagicon Robbie Earle
- Template:Flagicon Masashi Nakayama
- Template:Flagicon Cuauhtémoc Blanco
- Template:Flagicon Alberto García Aspe
- Template:Flagicon Mustapha Hadji
- Template:Flagicon Edgar Davids
- Template:Flagicon Marc Overmars
- Template:Flagicon Pierre van Hooijdonk
- Template:Flagicon Boudewijn Zenden
- Template:Flagicon Mutiu Adepoju
- Template:Flagicon Tijani Babangida
- Template:Flagicon Victor Ikpeba
- Template:Flagicon Sunday Oliseh
- Template:Flagicon Wilson Oruma
- Template:Flagicon Dan Eggen
- Template:Flagicon Håvard Flo
- Template:Flagicon Tore André Flo
- Template:Flagicon Kjetil Rekdal
- Template:Flagicon Celso Ayala
- Template:Flagicon Miguel Ángel Benítez
- Template:Flagicon José Cardozo
- Template:Flagicon Adrian Ilie
- Template:Flagicon Dan Petrescu
- Template:Flagicon Sami Al-Jaber
- Template:Flagicon Yousuf Al-Thunayan
- Template:Flagicon Craig Burley
- Template:Flagicon John Collins
- Template:Flagicon Benni McCarthy
- Template:Flagicon Ha Seok-ju
- Template:Flagicon Yoo Sang-chul
- Template:Flagicon Kiko
- Template:Flagicon Luis Enrique
- Template:Flagicon Raúl
- Template:Flagicon Skander Souayah
- Template:Flagicon Brian McBride
- Template:Flagicon Siniša Mihajlović
- Template:Flagicon Predrag Mijatović
- Template:Flagicon Dragan Stojković
- Own goals
- Template:Flagicon Georgi Bachev (against Spain)
- Template:Flagicon Youssef Chippo (against Norway)
- Template:Flagicon Tom Boyd (against Brazil)
- Template:Flagicon Pierre Issa (against France)
- Template:Flagicon Andoni Zubizarreta (against Nigeria)
- Template:Flagicon Siniša Mihajlović (against Germany)
Awards
[edit]Players who were red-carded during the tournament
[edit]- Template:Flagicon Ariel Ortega
- Template:Flagicon Gert Verheyen
- Template:Flagicon Anatoli Nankov
- Template:Flagicon Raymond Kalla
- Template:Flagicon Lauren
- Template:Flagicon Rigobert Song
- Template:Flagicon Miklos Molnar
- Template:Flagicon Morten Wieghorst
- Template:Flagicon David Beckham
- Template:Flagicon Laurent Blanc
- Template:Flagicon Marcel Desailly
- Template:Flagicon Zinedine Zidane
- Template:Flagicon Christian Wörns
- Template:Flagicon Darryl Powell
- Template:Flagicon Ha Seok-ju
- Template:Flagicon Pável Pardo
- Template:Flagicon Ramón Ramírez
- Template:Flagicon Patrick Kluivert
- Template:Flagicon Arthur Numan
- Template:Flagicon Mohammed Al-Khilaiwi
- Template:Flagicon Craig Burley
- Template:Flagicon Alfred Phiri
All-star team
[edit]The All-star team is a squad consisting of the 16 most impressive players at the 1998 World Cup, as selected by FIFA's Technical Study Group.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Final standings
[edit]After the tournament, FIFA published a ranking of all teams that competed in the 1998 World Cup finals based on progress in the competition and overall results.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
| Template:Abbr | Team | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr | Template:Abbr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Template:Fb | C | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 2 | +13 | 19 |
| 2 | Template:Fb | A | 7 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 10 | +4 | 13 |
| 3 | Template:Fb | H | 7 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 5 | +6 | 15 |
| 4 | Template:Fb | E | 7 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 13 | 7 | +6 | 12 |
| Eliminated in the quarter-finals | ||||||||||
| 5 | Template:Fb | B | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 3 | +5 | 11 |
| 6 | Template:Fb | H | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 4 | +6 | 10 |
| 7 | Template:Fb | F | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 6 | +2 | 10 |
| 8 | Template:Fb | C | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 7 | +2 | 7 |
| Eliminated in the round of 16 | ||||||||||
| 9 | Template:Fb | G | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4 | +3 | 7 |
| 10 | Template:Fb | F | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | +1 | 7 |
| 11 | Template:Fb | G | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | +1 | 7 |
| 12 | Template:Fb | D | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 9 | −3 | 6 |
| 13 | Template:Fb | E | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 7 | +1 | 5 |
| 14 | Template:Fb | D | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | +1 | 5 |
| 15 | Template:Fb | A | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 16 | Template:Fb | B | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 8 | −3 | 3 |
| Eliminated in the group stage | ||||||||||
| 17 | Template:Fb | D | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 4 | +4 | 4 |
| 18 | Template:Fb | A | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 4 |
| 19 | Template:Fb | E | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 20 | Template:Fb | F | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | −2 | 3 |
| 21 | Template:Fb | G | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | −2 | 3 |
| 22 | Template:Fb | H | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 9 | −6 | 3 |
| 23 | Template:Fb | B | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | −1 | 2 |
| 24 | Template:Fb | C | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | −3 | 2 |
| 25 | Template:Fb | B | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | −3 | 2 |
| 26 | Template:Fb | G | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | −3 | 1 |
| 27 | Template:Fb | A | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | −4 | 1 |
| 28 | Template:Fb | C | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 | −5 | 1 |
| 29 | Template:Fb | D | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 7 | −6 | 1 |
| 30 | Template:Fb | E | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 9 | −7 | 1 |
| 31 | Template:Fb | H | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | −3 | 0 |
| 32 | Template:Fb | F | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 5 | −4 | 0 |
Marketing
[edit]Tournoi de France
[edit]Template:Main A year before the tournament, a small, invitation-only tournament named the Tournoi de France was held in France, with Italy, Brazil, England, and hosts France participating.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Broadcasting
[edit]Template:More citations needed section Through several companies, FIFA sold the broadcasting rights for the 1998 FIFA World Cup to many broadcasters. BBC and ITV had the broadcasting rights in the United Kingdom. The pictures and audio of the competition were supplied to the TV and radio channels by the company TVRS 98, the broadcaster of the tournament.<ref name="Label France, 31, Un véritable enjeu médiatique">Template:Cite journal</ref>
The World Cup matches were broadcast in 200 countries. 818 photographers were credited for the tournament. In every match, a stand was reserved for the press. The number of places granted to them reached its maximum in the final, when 1,750 reporters and 110 TV commentators were present in the stand.<ref name="fifa1998 p.128,129">Template:In lang Template:Harvsp</ref>
Sponsorship
[edit]
The sponsors of the 1998 FIFA World Cup are divided into two categories: FIFA World Cup Sponsors and France Supporters.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The absence of Budweiser on pitch side advertising hoardings is notable due to the Evin law, which forbids alcohol-related sponsorship in France, including in sports events.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Video games
[edit]In most of the world, the official video game was, World Cup 98 released by EA Sports on 13 March 1998 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation, Nintendo 64 and the Game Boy. It was the first international football game developed by Electronic Arts since obtaining the rights from FIFA in 1997 and received mostly favourable reviews.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
In Japan, Konami was granted the FIFA World Cup licence and produced two distinct video games: Jikkyou World Soccer: World Cup France 98 by KCEO for the Nintendo 64, and World Soccer Jikkyou Winning Eleven 3: World Cup France '98 by KCET for the PlayStation. These games were released in the rest of the world as International Superstar Soccer '98 and International Superstar Soccer Pro '98, without the official FIFA World Cup licence, branding or real player names.Template:Citation needed
Also in Japan, Sega was granted the FIFA World Cup licence to produce the Saturn video game World Cup '98 France: Road to Win.Template:Citation needed
Many other video games, including World League Soccer 98, Actua Soccer 2 and Neo Geo Cup '98: The Road to the Victory were released in the buildup to the 1998 World Cup and evidently were based on the tournament. FIFA: Road to World Cup 98, also by EA Sports focused on the qualification stage.Template:Citation needed
Symbols
[edit]
Mascot
[edit]The official mascot was Footix, a rooster first presented in May 1996.<ref name="Footix">Template:Cite web</ref> It was created by graphic designer Fabrice Pialot and selected from a shortlist of five mascots.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Research carried out about the choice of having a cockerel as a mascot was greatly received: 91% associated it immediately with France, the traditional symbol of the nation.<ref name="Footix"/> Footix, the name chosen by French television viewers, is a portmanteau of "football" and the ending "-ix" from the popular Astérix comic strip.<ref name="Footix"/> The mascot's colours reflect those of the host nation's flag and home strip – blue for the jump suit, a red crest and with the words 'France 98' coloured in white.
Match ball
[edit]Template:Main The official match ball for the 1998 World Cup, manufactured by Adidas was named the Tricolore, meaning 'three-coloured' in French.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It was the eighth World Cup match ball made for the tournament by the German company and was the first in the series to be multi-coloured.<ref name="Tricolore">Template:Cite web</ref> The tricolour flag and cockerel, traditional symbols of France, were used as inspiration for the design.<ref name="Tricolore"/>
Music
[edit]Template:Main article The official song of the 1998 FIFA World Cup was "The Cup of Life", also known as "La Copa de la Vida", recorded by Ricky Martin.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The official anthem was "La Cour des Grands (Do You Mind If I Play)" by Youssou N'Dour and Axelle Red.
Legacy
[edit]Honorary FIFA President João Havelange praised France's hosting of the World Cup, describing the tournament as one that would "remain with me forever, as I am sure they will remain with everyone who witnessed this unforgettable competition".Template:Sfn Lennart Johansson, the chairman of the organising committee for the World Cup and President of UEFA added that France provided "subject matter of a quality that made the world hold its breath".Template:Sfn
Cour des Comptes, the quasi-judicial body of the French government, released its report on the organisation of the 1998 World Cup in 2000.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
[edit]- Music of the World Cup: Allez! Ola! Ole! – The Official 1998 FIFA World Cup music album
- 1998 World Cup terror plot
References
[edit]Sources
[edit]External links
[edit]Template:Commons category Template:Wikiquote Template:Wikivoyage
- Template:Official website Template:In lang
- 1998 FIFA World Cup France, FIFA.com
- RSSSF Archive of finals
- RSSSF Archive of qualifying rounds
- Template:Webarchive at the BBC
Template:1998 FIFA World Cup Template:1998 FIFA World Cup stadiums Template:1998 FIFA World Cup referees Template:FIFA World Cup Template:Football in France Template:1998 in Japanese football Template:Authority control