List of culinary herbs and spices
This is a list of culinary herbs and spices. Specifically these are food or drink additives of mostly botanical origin used in nutritionally insignificant quantities for flavoring or coloring. Herbs are derived from the leaves and stalks of plants, whereas spices come from the seeds, fruit, roots, and bark of plants. Some plants give rise to both herbs and spices, such as coriander and fenugreek.
This list does not contain fictional plants such as aglaophotis, or recreational drugs such as tobacco. It also excludes plants used primarily for herbal teas or medicinal purposes. Template:Compact TOC
A
[edit]- Aidan fruit / Aridan / prekese / uyayak / osakrisa / dawo (Template:Langx)
- Template:Langx, carom seeds / thymol seeds / bishop's weed (Template:Langx) — Pakistan, South Asia, India, Afghanistan, Iran, Egypt, Eritrea & Ethiopia
- Alexanders (Template:Langx)
- Alkanet / dyer's alkanet (Template:Langx) — for red color
- Alligator pepper / hepper pepper / mbongochobi, mbongo spice (Template:Langx) — West Africa
- Allspice (Template:Langx)
- Angelica (Template:Langx spp.)
- Angelica / garden angelica / Norwegian angelica / wild celery (Template:Langx)
- Bai zhi / Dahurian angelica (Template:Langx)
- Anise (Template:Langx)
- Aniseed / anise / anix
- Aniseed myrtle (Template:Langx) — Australia
- Star anise / badian (Template:Langx) — China
- Annatto (Template:Langx)
- Artemisia (Template:Langx spp.)
- Absinthe / common wormwood (Template:Langx)
- Tarragon / estragon (Template:Langx)
- Asafoetida (Template:Langx)
- Avens (Template:Langx)
- Wood avens / Herb bennet / St Benedict's herb (Template:Langx)
- Avocado leaf (Template:Langx)
B
[edit]- Barberry (Template:Langx and other Berberis spp.)
- Basil (Template:Langx spp.)
- African basil / scent leaf (Template:Langx)
- Holy basil (Template:Langx)
- Lemon Basil (Template:Langx)
- Sweet basil / great basil (Template:Langx)
- Thai basil (Template:Langx var. thyrsiflora)
- Bay leaf
- Bay leaf (Template:Langx)
- Indian bay leaf / tejpat / malabathrum (Template:Langx)
- Indonesian bay leaf / Indonesian laurel / Salam leaf / daun salam (Template:Langx)
- Mexican bay leaf / laurél (Template:Langx)
- West Indian bay leaf (Template:Langx)
- Boldo (Template:Langx)
- Borage (Template:Langx)
C
[edit]- California bay laurel (Template:Langx)
- Calabash nutmeg / African Calabash nutmeg / ehuru / Jamaican nutmeg / ariwo (Template:Langx)
- Caper (Template:Langx)
- Caraway (Template:Langx)
- Cardamom
- Black cardamom / Template:Langx (Template:Langx) — India, Pakistan
- Chinese black cardamom / Cao guo (Template:Langx) — China
- Chinese white cardamom / bai dou kou (Template:Langx) — China
- Green cardamom (Template:Langx) — India
- Celery (Template:Langx)
- Celery leaf
- Celery seed
- Chervil (Template:Langx)
- Chicory (Template:Langx)
- Chili pepper / chilli (Template:Langx spp.)
- Cayenne pepper / Cayenne chili (Template:Langx)
- Jalapeño (Template:Langx cultivar)
- New Mexico chile (Template:Langx) — 'New Mexico Group': Hatch, Anaheim, Big Jim, Chimayó, and Sandia, and other pepper cultivars.
- Paprika (Template:Langx)
- Chironji / charoli nut (Template:Langx)
- Chives (Template:Langx)
- Cicely / sweet cicely (Template:Langx)
- Cinnamon (Template:Langx spp.)
- Cassia / Chinese cinnamon (Template:Langx)
- Cinnamon / Ceylon cinnamon / true cinnamon (Template:Langx)
- Indonesian cinnamon (Template:Langx)
- Cinnamon myrtle (Template:Langx) — Australia
- Vietnamese / Saigon cinnamon (Template:Langx)
- White cinnamon, (Template:Langx) — Caribbean
- Clary / clary sage (Template:Langx)
- Clove (Template:Langx)
- Coriander (Template:Langx)
- Coriander leaf / coriander greens / cilantro / Chinese parsley
- Coriander seed
- Vietnamese coriander (Template:Langx)
- Costmary (Template:Langx)
- Cubeb pepper (Template:Langx)
- Culangot / culantro / long coriander / recao (Template:Langx)
- Cumin (Template:Langx)
- Black cumin / Template:Langx (Template:Langx or Bunium persicum) — South Asia
- Cumin / white cumin — South Asia
- Curry leaf (Template:Langx)
- Curry plant (Template:Langx)
- Template:Langx
D
[edit]- Dill (Template:Langx)
- Dill seed
- Dill weed / dill herb
- Dootsi (Template:Langx)
E
[edit]- Elderflower (Template:Langx spp.)
- Epazote / Jesuits' tea / Mexican tea / wormseed (Template:Langx)
F
[edit]- Fennel (Template:Langx)
- Fenugreek (Template:Langx)
- Fenugreek leaf / Template:Langx — India, Mediterranean, Middle East
- Fenugreek seed / Template:Langx — India, Mediterranean, Middle East
- Blue fenugreek / blue melilot (Template:Langx)
- Filé powder / gumbo filé (Template:Langx) — Creole
- Fingerroot / galangal / temu kuntji / krachai / k'cheay (Template:Langx) — Java, Thailand, Cambodia
- Fish mint (Template:Langx)
G
[edit]- Galangal (Template:Langx spp.)
- Greater galangal (Template:Langx) — Indonesia
- Lesser galangal (Template:Langx) — Indonesia
- sand ginger / Kencur / kentjur / shan nai / sha jiang (Template:Langx) — Java, Bali, China
- Garlic (Template:Langx spp.)
- Ginger
- Ginger (Template:Langx)
- Torch ginger / bunga siantan (Template:Langx) — Indonesia
- Golpar / Persian hogweed (Template:Langx) — Iran
- Grains of paradise / melegueta pepper (Template:Langx)
- Grains of Selim / Kani pepper / uda (Template:Langx)
H
[edit]- Herb bennet / St Benedict's herb / wood avens (Template:Langx)
- Template:Langx / hierba santa / acuyo (Template:Langx) — Mexico
- Hops (Template:Langx) — European drinks herb: a bitter flavouring agent
- Horseradish (Template:Langx)
- Huacatay / Mexican marigold / mint marigold (Template:Langx)
- Hyssop (Template:Langx)
- Bible hyssop / Syrian oregano (Template:Langx)
- Roman hyssop / savory of Crete / pink savory / whorled savory (Template:Langx)
J
[edit]- Jasmine flowers (Template:Langx spp.)
- Jakhya (Template:Langx)
- Jalapeño (Template:Langx cultivar)
- Jimbu (Template:Langx) — Nepal
- Juniper berry (Template:Langx) — European drinks herb: a aromatic flavouring agent
K
[edit]- Keluak / kluwak / kepayang (Template:Langx) — South-East Asia
- Kinh gioi / Vietnamese balm (Template:Langx)
- Template:Langx, seed (Template:Langx) — India
- Template:Langx, fruit rind (Template:Langx) — India, a souring agent
- Korarima / Ethiopian cardamom / false cardamom (Template:Langx) — Eritrea
- Koseret leaves (Template:Langx) — Ethiopia
- Kudum Puli / Malabar tamarind (Template:Langx)
- Kutjura (Template:Langx) — Australia
L
[edit]- Lavender (Template:Langx spp.)
- Lemon balm (Template:Langx)
- Lemon ironbark (Template:Langx) — Australia
- Lemon myrtle (Template:Langx) — Australia
- Lemon verbena (Template:Langx)
- Lemongrass (Template:Langx spp.)
- Common lemongrass (Template:Langx) — South-East Asia
- Malabar grass (Template:Langx) — South-East Asia
- Kaffir lime leaves / Makrud lime leaves (Template:Langx) — South-East Asia
- Template:Langx — Paraguay and southern Brazil
- Lesser calamint, nipitella, nepitella (Template:Langx) — Italy
- Licorice, liquorice (Template:Langx)
- Lovage (Template:Langx)
- Lovage leaves
- Lovage seeds
- Locust beans (Template:Langx)
M
[edit]- Mace (Template:Langx)
- Mahleb / mahalepi / St Lucie cherry (Template:Langx)
- Mallow
- Marsh mallow (Template:Langx)
- Musk mallow / abelmosk (Template:Langx)
- Marjoram / sweet marjoram / cultivated oregano (Template:Langx)
- Mastic (Template:Langx)
- Mint (Template:Langx spp.) — 25 species, hundreds of varieties
- Moldavian dragonhead (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- Mountain horopito / 'pepper-plant' (Template:Langx) — New Zealand
- Mustard
- Mustard, black, mustard plant, mustard seed (Template:Langx)
- Mustard, brown, mustard plant, mustard seed (Template:Langx)
- Mustard, white, mustard plant, mustard seed (Template:Langx)
- Mustard, yellow (Template:Langx = Sinapis alba)
N
[edit]- Nigella / black onion seed / black caraway / Template:Langx (Template:Langx)
- Njangsa, djansang (Template:Langx) — West Africa
- Nutmeg (Template:Langx)
O
[edit]- Oregano ({{langx|la|Origanum spp.)
- Oregano / wild marjoram (Template:Langx)
- Greek / Turkish oregano (Template:Langx)
- Lebanese oregano / Syrian oregano / bible hyssop (Template:Langx)
- Sweet marjoram (Template:Langx)
- Cuban oregano (Template:Langx)
- Mexican oregano (Template:Langx)
- Orris root (Template:Langx)
P
[edit]- Pandan (Template:Langx spp.)
- Pandan flower / fragrant screw-pine / kewra (Template:Langx)
- Pandan leaf (Template:Langx)
- Pápalo (Template:Langx) — Mexico and South America
- Paprika (Template:Langx) — q.v. chili
- Paracress (Template:Langx) — Brazil
- Parsley (Template:Langx)
- French parsley / curly parsley
- Italian parsley / flat-leaf parsley
- Japanese parsley (Template:Langx)
- Stone parsley (Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Passion berry / fringed rue / Tena adam(Amharic) (Template:Langx)
- Pennyroyal / pudding grass (Template:Langx)
- Pepper (Template:Langx)
- Ashanti pepper / uziza / Edo Pepper / Guinea cubeb (Template:Langx)
- Pepper, black, white, and green (Template:Langx)
- Brazilian pepper / pink pepper (Template:Langx)
- Dorrigo pepper (Template:Langx) — Australia
- Kani pepper / uda / Grains of Selim (Template:Langx)
- Long pepper (Template:Langx)
- Melegueta pepper / Grains of paradise (Template:Langx)
- Mountain pepper, / Cornish pepper leaf (Template:Langx)
- Peruvian pepper (Template:Langx)
- Szechuan pepper (Template:Langx spp. inc. Z. bungeanum, Z. schinifolium, and Z. armatum) — China
- Tasmanian pepper (Template:Langx)
- Voatsiperifery (Template:Langx) — Madagascar
- Peppermint (Template:Langx) — q.v. mint
- Peppermint gum leaf (Template:Langx)
- Perilla (Template:Langx)
- Korean perilla seeds / Deulkkae (Template:Langx)
- Korean perilla leaves / Kkaennip (Template:Langx)
- Japanese perilla leaves / Shiso (Template:Langx)
- Pipicha / straight-leaf pápalo (Template:Langx) — Mexico
- Poppy seed (Template:Langx)
- Purslane (Template:Langx)
Q
[edit]- Quassia (Template:Langx) — a bitter spice in aperitifs and fortified wines along with a few beers
R
[edit]- Red rice powder (Template:Langx) — China
- Rice paddy herb (Template:Langx) — Vietnam
- Rosemary (Template:Langx)
- Rue (Template:Langx spp.)
- Common rue / herb-of-grace (Template:Langx)
S
[edit]- Safflower (Template:Langx) — only for yellow color
- Saffron (Template:Langx)
- Sage (Template:Langx)
- Salad burnet (Template:Langx)
- Sassafras (Template:Langx)
- Sesame (Template:Langx)
- Black sesame seeds (Template:Langx)
- White sesame seeds / benne (Template:Langx)
- Savory (Template:Langx spp.)
- Sha ren (Template:Langx) — China
- Silphium / silphion / laser / laserpicium / sorado — Ancient Roman cuisine, Ancient Greek cuisine
- Sorrel (Template:Langx spp.)
- Common sorrel / garden sorrel / spinach dock (Template:Langx)
- Sheep sorrel / field sorrel / red sorrel (Template:Langx)
- Spearmint (Template:Langx) — q.v. mint
- Spikenard / muskroot (Template:Langx or N. jatamansi)
- Star anise (Template:Langx) — q.v. aniseed
- Strawberry Gum (Template:Langx) — Australia
- Sumac (Template:Langx spp.)
- Sweet woodruff / sweet-scented bed-straw (Template:Langx)
T
[edit]- Tarragon / estragon (Template:Langx) — q.v. artemisia
- Thyme (Template:Langx spp.)
- Common thyme (Template:Langx)
- Creeping thyme (Template:Langx)
- Lavender thyme (Template:Langx)
- Lemon thyme (Template:Langx)
- Wild thyme (Template:Langx)
- Woolly thyme (Template:Langx)
- Tonka beans (Template:Langx)
- Turkey berries / pendejera (Template:Langx)
- Turmeric (Template:Langx)
V
[edit]W
[edit]- Wasabi / Japanese horseradish (Template:Langx)
- Water-pepper / smartweed (Template:Langx)
- Wattleseed (Template:Langx c.120 Australian spp.)
- Sandplain wattleseed / Murray's wattle / powder bark wattle (Template:Langx)
- Elegant wattleseed / prickly wattle / gundabluey (Template:Langx)
- Wintergreen (Template:Langx spp.)
- Boxberry / eastern teaberry / American wintergreen (Template:Langx)
- Fragrant wintergreen (Template:Langx)
- Slender wintergreen / Oregon spicy wintergreen / western teaberry (Template:Langx)
- Wood avens / herb bennet (Template:Langx)
- Woodruff (Template:Langx)
- Wormwood / absinthe (Template:Langx) — q.v. artemisia
Y
[edit]- Yerba buena, any of several different species primarily in the mint family — q.v. Hoja santa
- Yarrow (Template:Langx)
Z
[edit]- Za'atar (a blend of herbs from the genera Origanum, Calamintha, Thymus, and Satureja) - The Levant
- Zedoary (Template:Langx)
- Ziacao / red stoneroot / red gromwell (Template:Langx) — for red color
See also
[edit]Template:Cookbook Template:Portal
- Bushfood spices
- Curry powder / Garam masala
- Food grading of spices
- Herbs
- List of basil cultivars
- List of Capsicum cultivars
- List of dried foods
- List of food origins
- List of smoked spices
- List of spices used in root beer
- List of foods
- Seasoning
- Spice Bazaar, Istanbul
- Spice mix
- Spice use in Antiquity
Culinary herbs and spices by country, region and culture
[edit]- African spices
- American spices
- South Asian spices
- South-East Asian spices
- List of Australian herbs and spices
- European spices
References
[edit]Template:Capsicum cultivars Template:Herbs and spices Template:Plant-based diets