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Siskiyou County, California

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Siskiyou County (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,076.<ref name="QF">Template:Cite web</ref> Its county seat is Yreka and its highest point is Mount Shasta.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref> It falls within the Cascadia bioregion.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Siskiyou County is in the Shasta Cascade region along the Oregon border. Because of its outdoor recreation, Mt. Shasta, McCloud River, and Gold Rush-era history, it is an important tourist destination within the state.Template:Citation needed

History

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Template:More citations needed section Many Native American peoples including the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians, Modoc, Cayuse, Umatilla and Walla Walla and Shasta, share geography with Siskiyou County and have lived in the area for millennia prior to colonization. Siskiyou County was created on March 22, 1852, from parts of Shasta and Klamath Counties, and named after the Siskiyou mountain range. Parts of the county's territory were given to Modoc County in 1855.

The county is the site of the central section of the Siskiyou Trail, which ran between California's Central Valley and the Pacific Northwest. The Siskiyou Trail followed indigenous footpaths from Native People who share the geography with Siskikyou county, and was extended by Hudson's Bay Company trappers in the 1830s. Its length was increased by "Forty-Niners" during the California gold rush.

After the discovery of an important gold strike near today's Yreka, California, in 1851, colonizers flooded the area. This was described in detail by Joaquin Miller in his semi-autobiographical novel Life Amongst the Modocs.

In the mid-1880s, the construction of the Central Pacific Railroad along the Siskiyou Trail brought the first wave of tourism. Visitors were drawn by the county's many summer resorts, and to hunt or fish. The Southern Pacific railroad, the successor to the Central Pacific, called its rail line "The Road of A Thousand Wonders."

In the early 1940s, Siskiyou County was home to the semi-serious State of Jefferson movement, which sought to create a new state from several counties of northern California and the adjoining counties of southern Oregon. The movement has seen a revival in recent years.

The origin of the word Siskiyou is not known. It may be a Chinook Jargon word for a "bob-tailed horse" (ultimately originating in Cree),<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> or as was argued before the State Senate in 1852, from the French Six Cailloux (six stones), a name given to a ford on the Umpqua River by Michel Laframboise and his Hudson's Bay Company trappers in 1832. Others claim the Six Cailloux name was appropriated by Stephen Meek, another Hudson's Bay Company trapper who discovered Scott Valley, for a crossing on the Klamath River near Hornbrook.

The county is home to the Black Bear Ranch, a commune started in 1968 with the slogan "Free Land for free people."

On September 4, 2013, the Siskiyou County Board of Supervisors voted 4 to 1 to secede from the State of California.<ref>"Siskiyou County supervisors vote to pursue seceding from state", The Record Searchlight, redding.com, September 4, 2013</ref>

Geography

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File:Mossbrae falls.jpg
Mossbrae Falls, near Dunsmuir, California

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert, or 1.1%, is water.<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref> It is the fifth-largest county by area in California.Template:Citation needed

Siskiyou County is geographically diverse. From towering Mount Shasta (elev. Template:Convert) near the center of the county, to lakes and dense forests, as well as desert, chaparral, and memorable waterfalls, the county is home to world-famous trout-fishing rivers and streams, such as the Sacramento and McCloud rivers. The county is dotted as well with lakes and reservoirs,<ref name=lakes>Template:Cite web</ref> such as Castle Lake and Lake Siskiyou. Mount Shasta itself has a winter sports center. Pastoral Scott Valley in the western part of the county has many wide, tree-lined meadows, supporting large cattle ranches. The basins of northeastern Siskiyou County, including Butte Valley, Lower Klamath and Tule Lake basins, have some of the deepest and richest soils in the state, producing alfalfa, potatoes, horseradish, and brewing barley. Butte Valley nurseries are the leading source of premium strawberry plants in North America. Much of the county is densely forested with pine, fir, incense-cedar, oak, and madrone; Siskiyou County is also home to the rare Baker's Cypress Tree, Cupressus bakeri, which grows in only eleven scattered locations in the world, five of which are in Siskiyou County. The county's natural resources are most often used these days for skiing, snowboarding, hiking, mountain biking, camping, and wilderness recreation, as historic logging practices have been largely discontinued due to Federal and State environmental regulations. The county's water is viewed as sufficiently pure and abundant that the county is a source of significant amounts of bottled water, distributed throughout the country. A large Crystal Geyser plant is at the base of Mt. Shasta, near Weed.

Flora and fauna

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Substantial amounts of the county are forested within the Siskiyou and Cascade Ranges, including significant oak woodland and mixed conifer forests. Siskiyou County is the northern extent of the range for California Buckeye,<ref>C. Michael Hogan (2008) Aesculus californica, Globaltwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg Template:Webarchive</ref> a widespread California endemic. The Klamath National Forest occupies Template:Convert of land which includes elements in Siskiyou County as well as Jackson County, Oregon.<ref>Siskiyou County factsheet Template:Webarchive</ref>

Adjacent counties

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National protected areas

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File:Cristobalite-Fayalite-40050.jpg
Cristobalite on obsidian, found near Lava Beds National Monument

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Transportation

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File:SP 4449 and 3208 at Bray April 26 1981xrp - Flickr - drewj1946.jpg
Southern Pacific 4449 at Bray, en route to Railfair 1981

Major highways

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Public transportation

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Siskiyou Transit And General Express (STAGE)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> operates buses connecting the more populated areas of the county. Amtrak trains stop in Dunsmuir. Amtrak Thruway formerly operated between Sacramento and Medford, OR, with stops in Yreka, Weed, Mount Shasta, and Dunsmuir, for passengers connecting to and from Amtrak trains in Sacramento or Stockton; this service was discontinued in 2009. Greyhound buses pass through the county on Interstate 5 with a stop in Weed.

Airports

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Siskiyou County owns and operates Butte Valley Airport, Happy Camp Airport, Scott Valley Airport, Siskiyou County Airport and Weed Airport (all general aviation). Dunsmuir Municipal-Mott Airport and Montague-Yreka Rohrer Field are also within the county.

The closest airports for commercial domestic plane departures are Rogue Valley International-Medford Airport north of the county in Medford, Oregon, Crater Lake–Klamath Regional Airport, northeast of the county in Klamath Falls, Oregon, and Redding Municipal Airport south of the county in Redding, California.

Politics

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Voter registration statistics

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Cities by population and voter registration

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Overview

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Siskiyou is a strongly Republican county in Presidential and congressional elections. The last Democrat to win a majority in the county was Lyndon Johnson in 1964; however, Bill Clinton won a plurality of votes in 1992.

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Siskiyou County is in Template:Representative.<ref>Template:Cite GovTrack</ref>

In the state legislature Siskiyou is in Template:Representative,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Template:Representative.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On November 4, 2008, Siskiyou County voted 60.1% for Proposition 8 which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages. Dunsmuir and Mount Shasta voted against Prop 8. Template:Citation needed

On September 3, 2013, the Siskiyou County Board of Supervisors voted 4–1 in favor of secession from California to form a proposed state named Jefferson.<ref>Longoria, Sean, Siskiyou supervisors support withdrawal from California Template:Webarchive, Redding Record Searchlight, September 4, 2013, accessed September 4, 2013</ref><ref>Mather, Kate, Siskiyou County votes to pursue secession from California, Los Angeles Times, September 4, 2013, accessed September 4, 2013</ref> A similar move was made in 1941, but was shelved due to the attack on Pearl Harbor.<ref>Northern California County Board Votes For Secession From State, CBS, San Francisco, September 4, 2013</ref>

Crime

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The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Cities by population and crime rates

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Demographics

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2020 census

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Siskiyou County, California – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Partial<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> % 2000 % 2010 Template:Partial
White alone (NH) 36,910 35,683 32,057 83.32% 79.47% 72.73%
Black or African American alone (NH) 556 552 471 1.26% 1.23% 1.07%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 1,605 1,549 1,757 3.62% 3.45% 3.99%
Asian alone (NH) 523 528 866 1.18% 1.18% 1.96%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 49 69 38 0.11% 0.15% 0.09%
Other Race alone (NH) 42 64 265 0.09% 0.14% 0.60%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 1,262 1,840 3,095 2.85% 4.10% 7.02%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 3,354 4,615 5,527 7.57% 10.28% 12.54%
Total 44,301 44,900 44,076 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2011

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Places by population, race, and income

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2010

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Template:US Census population

The 2010 United States census reported Siskiyou County had a population of 44,900. The racial makeup of Siskiyou County was 38,030 (84.7%) White, 571 (1.3%) African American, 1,814 (4.0%) Native American, 540 (1.2%) Asian, 80 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,491 (3.3%) from other races, and 2,374 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4,615 persons (10.3%).<ref>Template:USCensus2010CA</ref>

2000

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As of the census<ref name="GR8">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2000, there were 44,301 people, 18,556 households, and 12,228 families residing in the county. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 21,947 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 87.1% White, 1.3% Black or African American, 3.9% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.8% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. 7.6% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 13.5% were of German, 12.0% English, 9.8% Irish, 9.5% American and 7.1% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. 91.7% spoke English and 5.7% Spanish as their first language. As of March 2012, the largest self-reported ancestry groups in Siskiyou County are 15% German, 13% English, 12% Irish and 6% Italian.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

There were 18,556 households, out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.7% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.1% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 22.7% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $29,530, and the median income for a family was $36,890. Males had a median income of $31,936 versus $22,650 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,570. About 14.0% of families and 18.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.6% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

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File:Siskiyou County map.PNG

Cities

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Census-designated places

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Other unincorporated communities

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Ghost towns

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Population ranking

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The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Siskiyou County.

county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2020 Census)
1 Yreka City 7,807
2 Mount Shasta City 3,223
3 Weed City 2,862
4 Lake Shastina CDP 2,401
5 Dunsmuir City 1,707
6 Montague City 1,226
7 McCloud CDP 945
8 Happy Camp CDP 905
9 Tulelake City 902
10 Dorris City 860
11 Fort Jones City 695
12 Etna City 678
13 Karuk Reservation<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> AIAN 578
14 Grenada CDP 314
15 Hornbrook CDP 266
16 Greenview CDP 208
17 Quartz Valley Reservation<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> AIAN 202
18 Carrick CDP 143
19 Mount Hebron CDP 103
20 Gazelle CDP 95
21 Macdoel CDP 86
22 Edgewood CDP 72
23 Tennant CDP 63

See also

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Notes

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References

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Further reading

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