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Foreign relations of Nigeria

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Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Since independence, with Jaja Wachuku as the first Minister for Foreign Affairs and Commonwealth Relations, later called External Affairs, Nigerian foreign policy has been characterised by a focus on Africa as a regional power and by attachment to several fundamental principles: African unity and independence; capability to exercise hegemonic influence in the region: peaceful settlement of disputes; non-alignment and non-intentional interference in the internal affairs of other nations; and regional economic cooperation and development.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> In carrying out these principles, Nigeria participates in the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Non-Aligned Movement, the Commonwealth of Nations, and the United Nations.

Nigeria and the liberation of Africa

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Upon gaining independence in 1960, Nigeria quickly committed itself to improving the lives of the people of the country and harnessing the resources that remain vital to the economy of the country and her neighbours. By observing at what benefits and appropriate for the country, Nigeria became one of the founding members of the Organisation for African Unity (OAU), which later became the African Union.Template:Citation needed The Organisation for African Unity checks political stability of any African countries and encourages them to be holding regional meetings for the union. Nigeria backed the African National Congress (ANC) by taking a committed tough line with regard to the South African government and their military actions in southern Africa. Template:Citation neededNigeria and Organisation for African Unity (OAU, now the African Union), has tremendous influence in West Africa nations and Africa on the whole. Nigeria has additionally founded regional cooperative efforts in West Africa, functioning as standard-bearer for ECOWAS and ECOMOG, economic and military organisations, respectively. Template:Citation needed<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Similarly, when civil war broke out in Angola after the country gained independence from Portugal in 1975, Nigeria mobilised its diplomatic influence in Africa in support of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA). That support helped tip the balance in their favour, which led to OAU recognition of the MPLA over the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Nigeria extended diplomatic support to another cause, Sam Nujoma's Southwest Africa People's Organization in Namibia, to stall the apartheid South African-installed government there. In 1977, the new General Olusegun Obasanjo's military regime donated $20 million to the Zimbabwean movement against the apartheid government of Rhodesia. Nigeria also sent military equipment to Mozambique to help the newly independent country suppress the South African-backed Mozambican National Resistance guerrillas. Nigeria also provided some military training at the Kaduna first mechanised army division and other material support to Joshua Nkomo and Robert Mugabe's guerrilla forces during the Zimbabwe War in 1979 against the white minority rule of Prime Minister Ian Douglas Smith, which was backed by the apartheid -government of South Africa. Template:Citation needed

Due to mismanagement of its economy and technology, Nigeria announced that it was launching a nuclear programme of "unlimited scope" of its own but failed. After the Nigerian Independence in 1960, Nigeria demonstrated its seriousness in improving the economy for the people and embarked on nationalizing some multi-national companies that traded with and broke the economic/trade embargo of the apartheid South African regime, the local operations of Barclays Bank was nationalised after that bank ignored the strong protests by the Nigeria populace.Template:Citation needed

Nigeria also nationalised the British Petroleum (BP) for supplying oil to South Africa. In 1982, the Alhaji Shehu Shagari government urged the visiting Pontiff Pope John Paul II to grant audience to the leaders of Southern Africa guerrilla organisations Oliver Tambo of the ANC and Sam Nujoma of SWAPO. In December 1983, the new Major General Muhammadu Buhari regime announced that Nigeria could no longer afford an apartheid government in Africa. however, Nigeria being the foremost black nation on Earth due to its population, Nigeria has great potential and will soon grow to be a force to reckon with on the global stage.Template:Citation needed

Nigeria and West Africa

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In pursuing the goal of regional economic cooperation and development, Nigeria helped create ECOWAS, which seeks to harmonise trade and investment practices for its 16 West African member countries, ultimately achieve a full customs union, and establish a single currency. Nigeria also has taken the lead in articulating the views of developing nations on the need for modification of the existing international economic order.Template:Citation needed

Nigeria has played a central role in the ECOWAS efforts to end the civil war in Liberia and contributed the bulk of the ECOWAS peacekeeping forces sent there in 1990. Nigeria also has provided the bulk of troops for ECOMOG forces in Sierra Leone.Template:Citation needed

Nigeria has enjoyed generally good relations with its immediate neighbours. Nigeria has actively played a leading role in West Africa, with enormous military power, Nigeria has been perpetual in its aim of promoting peace and stability in Africa's most prosperous region for more than three decades.

Nigeria and International Organisations

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Nigeria is a member of the following organizations:

The Babangida regime joined the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC, now the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation), though President Obasanjo has indicated he might reconsider Nigeria's membership.comments are being made for Nigeria to establish more bilateral relations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Diplomatic relations

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List of countries which Nigeria maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Nigeria.svg
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Africa

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Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Template:Flag 2 September 1968 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 September 1968<ref name="ReferenceE"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Algeria has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Algiers.
Template:Flag See Angola–Nigeria relations

Angolan-Nigerian relations are primarily based on their roles as oil exporting nations. Both are members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, the African Union and other multilateral organizations.

The President of Nigeria, Muhammadu Buhari, sent a message to his Angolan counterpart, José Eduardo dos Santos, in which he manifested his interest in keeping and strengthening the excellent relations that exist between both countries, aiming at generating better benefits for the two peoples.

  • Angola has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Luanda.
Template:Flag 12 September 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 September 1961 when has been appointed Chargé d'Affaires of Dahomey to Nigeria Mr. Obed Pessou.<ref name="sgg.gouv.bj"/>
  • Benin has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Cotonou.
Template:Flag 19 February 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 1970 when Ambassador of Upper Volta to Nigeria (resident in Accra) Mr. Victor Kabore, presented his credentials.<ref name="Ediafric"/>
  • Burkina Faso has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Ouagadougou.
Template:Flag See Cameroon-Nigeria relations

A long-standing border dispute with Cameroon over the potentially oil-rich Bakassi Peninsula was resolved by a 2002 decision by the International Court of Justice which granted Cameroon ownership of the region and the 2006 signing of the Greentree Agreement which led to the withdrawal of Nigerian troops from Bakassi in 2008 and complete administrative control being taken over by Cameroon in August 2013.<ref>Library of Congress, Cameroon; Nigeria: Bakassi Peninsula Transition Completed, Aug 13 2013, https://www.loc.gov/lawweb/servlet/lloc_news?disp3_l205403677_text</ref> Nigeria released about 150 Cameroonian prisoners of war in late 1998.

  • Cameroon has a high commission in Abuja and a consulate-general in Calabar.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Yaoundé, a consulate-general in Douala and a consulate in Buea.
Template:Flag See Chad–Nigeria relations

Nigeria's 1983 economic austerity campaign produced strains with neighbouring states, including Chad. Nigeria expelled several hundred thousand foreign workers, mostly from its oil industry, which faced drastic cuts as a result of declining world oil prices. At least 30,000 of those expelled were Chadians. Despite these strains, however, Nigerians had assisted in the halting process of achieving stability in Chad, and both nations reaffirmed their intention to maintain close ties.

  • Chad has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate in Maiduguri.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in N'Djamena.
Template:Flag 6 October 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 1970.<ref name="ReferenceF"/>
  • Central African Republic has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Bangui.
Template:Flag
  • Egypt has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Cairo.
Template:Flag 25 January 1969 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1969<ref name="African-American Institute"/>
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Abuja and consulates in Calabar and Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Malabo and a consulate in Bata.
Template:Flag Template:Main
  • Ethiopia has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Addis Ababa.
Template:Flag 18 January 1973 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 January 1973<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Gabon has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Libreville.
Template:Flag 28 May 1965<ref name="Diplomatic List"/>
  • Gambia has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Banjul.
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 See Ghana–Nigeria relations

Ghana set up a commission in 1959 when Nigeria was still a dependent territory. This was elevated to High Commission status on the attainment of Nigeria's independence on 1 October 1960<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Ghana Nigerian relations have been both bitter and sweet. In 1969 numerous Nigerians were deported from Ghana. Relations in the 1970s were good. Ghana-Nigeria relations began on a sour note in the early period of PNDC rule. Tension rose immediately after the PNDC deposed Limann in 1981. In protest, Nigeria refused to continue much-needed oil supplies to Ghana. At the time, Ghana owed Nigeria about US$150 million for crude oil supplies and depended on Nigeria for about 90 percent of its petroleum needs. Nigeria's expulsion of more than 1 million Ghanaian immigrants in early 1983, when Ghana was facing severe drought and economic problems, and of another 300,000 in early 1985 on short notice, further strained relations between the two countries.<ref name="cs">Owusu, Maxwell. "Nigeria". A Country Study: Ghana (La Verle Berry, editor). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (November 1994). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.[1]</ref>

In April 1988, a joint commission for cooperation was established between Ghana and Nigeria. A bloodless coup in August 1985 had brought Major General Ibrahim Babangida to power in Nigeria, and Rawlings took advantage of the change of administration to pay an official visit. The two leaders discussed a wide range of issues focusing on peace and prosperity within West Africa, bilateral trade, and the transition to democracy in both countries. In early January 1989, Babangida reciprocated with an official visit to Ghana, which the PNDC hailed as a watershed in Ghana-Nigeria relations.<ref name=cs/>

Subsequent setbacks that Babangida initiated in the democratic transition process in Nigeria clearly disappointed Accra. Nonetheless, the political crisis that followed Babangida's annulment of the results of the June 1993 Nigerian presidential election and Babangida's resignation from the army and presidency two months later did not significantly alter the existing close relations between Ghana and Nigeria, two of the most important members of ECOWAS and the Commonwealth of Nations. After the takeover in November 1993 by General Sani Abacha as the new Nigerian head of state, Ghana and Nigeria continued to consult on economic, political, and security issues affecting the two countries and West Africa as a whole. Between early August 1994 when Rawlings became ECOWAS chairman and the end of the following October, the Ghanaian president visited Nigeria three times to discuss the peace process in Liberia and measures to restore democracy in that country.<ref name=cs/>

Nigeria and Ghana today have a close relationship, and they collaborate on various issues. Ghana and Nigeria are both republics in the Commonwealth of Nations.

  • Ghana has a high commission in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Accra.
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Template:Flag
  • Guinea has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Conakry.
Template:Flag 26 July 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 July 1961.<ref name="kessiya.com"/>
  • The Ivory Coast has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Abidjan.
Template:Flag See Kenya–Nigeria relations
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1960 when the Nigerian Government has agreed to Liberia's raising the status its consulate general in Lagos to that of an Embassy on the same date.<ref name="ReferenceB"/>
  • Liberia has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Monrovia.
Template:Flag

Nigeria recalled its ambassador, Isa Aliyu Mohammed, to Libya on 18 March 2010.<ref name="Xinhua">Template:Cite news</ref> The recall was in responses to a suggestion by Libyan leader, Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, that Nigeria should separate into a Muslim northern state and a Christian southern state. <ref name="BBCnews">Template:Cite news</ref> Gaddafi had made the suggestion in light of recent violence between the rival religions in Nigeria which had resulted in hundreds of deaths.<ref name="BBCnews"/> In addition Gaddafi had praised the Partition of India, which resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people, as the kind of model that Nigeria should follow.<ref name="BBCnews"/>

The Nigerian foreign ministry stated that it was recalling Mohammed for "urgent negotiations" due to the "irresponsible utterances of Colonel Gaddafi".<ref name="BBCnews"/> The Nigerian National Assembly has requested that the government ask the United Nations to prohibit Gaddafi from calling for the division of Nigeria.<ref name="Xinhua"/> The National Assembly also passed a motion urging the government to order an African Union investigation into whether Libya was attempting to destabilise the country through "infiltrators".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

  • Libya has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Tripoli.
Template:Flag 24 June 1971 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 June 1971<ref name="ReferenceG"/>
  • Madagascar is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Madagascar from its high commission in Maputo, Mozambique.
Template:Flag 29 November 1969 See Malawi–Nigeria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 November 1969.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

  • Malawi is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Lilongwe.
Template:Flag 1 August 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 August 1962<ref name="ReferenceD"/>
  • Mali has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Bamako.
Template:Flag
  • Morocco has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Rabat.
Template:Flag 25 June 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1975.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Mozambique is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Maputo.
Template:Flag 28 March 1990 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 March 1990.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Namibia has a high commission in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Windhoek.
Template:Flag 8 June 1961 See Niger–Nigeria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 June 1961 when M. Elhad Camatte Hammodon Maiga, ambassador of Niger to Nigeria presented his letters of credentials to the Governor General Azikiwe<ref name="ReferenceC"/>

Nigeria maintains close relations with the Republic of Niger, in part because both nations share a large Hausa minority on each side of their 1500 km border. Hausa language and cultural ties are strong, but there is little interest in a pan-Hausa state.<ref>William F. S. Miles. Development, not division: local versus external perceptions of the Niger-Nigeria boundary. The Journal of Modern African Studies (2005), 43:2:297-320</ref> The two nations formed the Nigeria-Niger Joint Commission for Cooperation (NNJC), established in March, 1971 with its Permanent Secretariat in Niamey, Niger.<ref>INTEGRATED ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN SHARED CATCHMENTS BETWEEN NIGERIA AND NIGER Template:Webarchive EGEF Council Documents, MFA Regional Annex, 2006.</ref>

  • Niger has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Kano.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Niamey.
Template:Flag 30 December 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1975<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Nigeria has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Dakar.
  • Senegal has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 27 April 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961 when was appointed first Nigerian High Commissioner to Sierra Leone Mr A.B. Oyediran<ref name="John Mamman Garba 1998 220"/>
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Freetown.
  • Sierra Leone has a high commission in Abuja.
Template:Flag 21 February 1994 See Nigeria–South Africa relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 February 1994<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Nigeria has a high commission in Pretoria and a consulate-general in Johannesburg.
  • South Africa has a high commission in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1960 when Nigeria have established an embassy in Khartoum.<ref name="Parliamentary Debates"/>
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Khartoum.
  • Sudan has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Dar-es-Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Abuja.
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Lomé.
  • Togo has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 15 January 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 January 1970<ref name="Research and Publishing House"/>
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Harare.
  • Zimbabwe has an embassy in Abuja.

Americas

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Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Template:Flag 15 August 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 August 1961<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Argentina has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Buenos Aires.
Template:Flag 24 April 1970 See Barbados–Nigeria relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 April 1970<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nigeria is accredited to Barbados from its high commission in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
  • Currently the Barbadian Government does not have foreign accreditation for Nigeria, however the Nigerian Government has said that it was highly desirous of Barbados establishing an embassy directly to Nigeria.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2006 the Governor Otunba Gbenga Daniel of the Nigerian state of Ogun announced that Barbadians would be given free land if they wished to move to Nigeria.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Nigeria has pushed for more investment from Barbadian companies and investors and then in 2008 for the establishment of direct flights between both nations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 19 April 1982
Template:Flag 16 August 1961 See Brazil–Nigeria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 August 1961<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Bilateral relations between Nigeria and Brazil focus primarily upon trade and culture, the largest country in Latin America by size, and the largest country in Africa by population are remotely bordered across from one another by the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil and Nigeria for centuries, have enjoyed a warmly friendly, and strong relationship on the bases of culture (seeing as many Afro-Brazilians trace their ancestry to Nigeria,) and commercial trade.

  • Brazil has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Brasília.
Template:Flag 1 October 1960
Template:Flag 5 October 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 1961<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Chile is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Chile from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Template:Flag 1 January 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1979<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Colombia is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Accra, Ghana.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Colombia from its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.
Template:Flag 1 July 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 July 1974<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Cuba has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Havana.
Template:Flag 10 December 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 December 1979<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Ecuador does not have an accreditation to Nigeria.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Ecuador from its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.
Template:Flag 27 June 1970
Template:Flag 29 April 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 April 1970<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag 14 April 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 April 1976<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See Mexico–Nigeria relations

Template:Flag 6 October 1970 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 1970 when was accredited first High Commissioner of Nigeria ti Trinidad and Tobago Mr. Edwin Ogbu<ref name="U.S. Government Printing Office"/>
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1960<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See Nigeria–United States relations

After the June 12, 1993, Nigerian presidential election was annulled, and in light of human rights abuses and the failure to embark on a meaningful democratic transition, the United States imposed numerous sanctions on Nigeria. These sanctions included the imposition of Section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act to refuse entry into the United States of senior government officials and others who formulated, implemented, or benefited from policies impeding Nigeria's transition to democracy; suspension of all military assistance; and a ban on the sale and repair of military goods and refinery services to Nigeria. The U.S. Ambassador was recalled for consultations for four months after the execution of the Ogoni Nine on November 10, 1995.

After a period of increasingly strained relations, the death of General Abacha in June 1998 and his replacement by General Abubakar opened a new phase of improved bilateral relations. As the transition to democracy progressed, the removal of visa restrictions, increased high-level visits of U.S. officials, discussions of future assistance, and the granting of a Vital National Interest Certification on counter-narcotics, effective in March 1999, paved the way for re-establishment of closer ties between the United States and Nigeria, as a key partner in the region and the continent. Since the inauguration of the democratically elected Obasanjo government, the bilateral relationship has continued to improve, and cooperation on many important foreign policy goals, such as regional peacekeeping, has been good.

The government has lent strong diplomatic support to the U.S. Government counter-terrorism efforts in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks. The Government of Nigeria, in its official statements, has both condemned the terrorist attacks as well as supported military action against the Taliban and Al-Qaeda. Nigeria also has played a leading role in forging an anti-terrorism consensus among states in Sub-Saharan Africa.

As a member of the International Criminal Court Nigeria signed a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US military (as covered under Article 98). A comprehensive passage is updated.

Template:Flag 20 February 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 1965<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nigeria is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
Template:Flag 16 March 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 March 1965<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Caracas.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Abuja.

Asia

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Template:Flag 4 February 1993

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 February 1993<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Armenia does not have an accreditation to Nigeria.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.
Template:Flag 11 March 1992 See Azerbaijan–Nigeria relations
  • Nigeria recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on March 11, 1992. Diplomatic relations were established between the two countries at that date<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nigeria is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.
Template:Flag 3 January 1976 See Bangladesh–Nigeria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 January 1976.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Both nations are members of the Commonwealth, the OIC and the Developing 8 Countries, and are identified as Next Eleven economies.

  • Bangladesh has a high commission in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Dhaka.
Template:Flag 10 February 1971 See China–Nigeria relations

Nigeria and the People's Republic of China established formal diplomatic relations on February 10, 1971.<ref name="ng.china-embassy.gov.cn"/> Relations between the two nations grew closer as a result of the international isolation and Western condemnation of Nigeria's military regimes (1970s-1998). Nigeria has since become an important source of oil and petroleum for China's rapidly growing economy and Nigeria is looking to China for help in achieving high economic growth; China has provided extensive economic, military and political support.<ref name="BBC2">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="BBC">Template:Cite news</ref> In 2004 and again in 2006, Chinese President Hu Jintao made state visits to Nigeria and addressed a joint session of the National Assembly of Nigeria. Both nations signed a memorandum of understanding on establishing a strategic partnership.<ref name="CJ">Template:Cite journal</ref> China has supported Nigeria's bid for a seat in the U.N. Security Council.<ref name="ON">Template:Cite web</ref> In July 2019, UN ambassadors of 37 countries, including Nigeria, have signed a joint letter to the UNHRC defending China's treatment of Uyghurs and other Muslim minority groups in the Xinjiang region.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • China has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Beijing and consulates-general in Hong Kong and Shanghai.
Template:Flag See India–Nigeria relations

The bilateral relations between the Republic of India and the Federal Republic of Nigeria have considerably expanded in recent years with both nations building strategic and commercial ties. Nigeria supplies 20% of India's crude oil needs and is India's largest trading partner in Africa.

  • India has a high commission in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in New Delhi.
Template:Flag 5 March 1965 See Indonesia–Nigeria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 March 1965<ref name="auto4"/>

  • Indonesia has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Jakarta.
Template:Flag 5 May 1972 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 May 1972<ref name="News Review on West Asia"/>
  • Iran has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Tehran.
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 See Israel–Nigeria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations with Nigerian independence, Israel's consulate-general became an embassy on 1 October 1960.<ref name="Government Printer"/> Between 1973 and 1992, diplomatic relations were severed. Since September 1992, bilateral relations are better.

  • Israel has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Tel Aviv.
Template:Flag See Japan-Nigeria relations
  • Japan has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Tokyo.
Template:Flag 8 January 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 January 1961, when Lebanese Consulate in Lagos was raised to Embassy level<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Lebanon has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Beirut.
Template:Flag 1976 See Nigeria–North Korea relations
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Pyongyang which closed in 2021.<ref name="tass.com">Template:Cite web</ref>
  • North Korea has an embassy in Abuja
Template:Flag See Malaysia–Nigeria relations
  • Malaysia has a high commission in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Kuala Lumpur.
Template:Flag 22 March 1961 See Nigeria–Pakistan relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 1961<ref name="Africa"/>

File:Defense attachés from Russia and Pakistan visit the communications tent at the Nigerian Air Force Base, Abuja, Nigeria.jpg
Defence attachés from Pakistan and Russia visit the communications tent at the Nigerian Air Force Base, Abuja, Nigeria, on July 21, 2008, during Africa Endeavour 2008.

The two states have maintained a close relationship, a relationship which is described by the Nigerian Defence Minister as "friendly" and like a "family tie"<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Nigeria has a high commission in Islamabad.
  • Pakistan has a high commission in Abuja.
Template:Flag 1 August 1962 See Nigeria–Philippines relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 August 1962<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Nigeria has an embassy in Manila.
  • Philippines has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Doha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah.
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 22 January 1980

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 January 1980<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Visits from the Republic of Korea to Nigeria: 1982 August President Chun Doo-hwan 1994 May Special Envoy of the President Roh Young-chan 1999 May Special Envoy of the President Choi Kwang-soo 2002 September Minister of Construction and Transportation Lim In-taek as a Special Envoy of the President 2006 March President Roh Moo-hyun 2007 May Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Kim Ho-young 2007 July Minister of Construction and Transportation Lee Yong-seob 2007 December 2 Vice Minister of Commerce Industry and Energy 2009 May CEO of Korea National Oil Cooperation 2010 September Former Prime Minister 2011 May Special Envoy of the President.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Nigeria has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 16 February 1961 See Nigeria–Turkey relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 February 1961 when Turkey Consulate General was upgraded to Embassy level with Mr. Özer Fuat Tevs as Chargé d'Affaires.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 20 January 1982 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 January 1982<ref name="Le Mois en Afrique Issues 194-202"/>
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 25 May 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 May 1976<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Abuja.

Europe

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Template:Flag 21 December 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 December 1962 when first Austrian Ambassador to Nigeria took up his post and Austria opened its embassy in Lagos.<ref name="Österreichisches Staatsarchiv"/>
  • Austria has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Vienna.
Template:Flag 4 February 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 February 1961<ref name="West Africa"/>
  • Belgium has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Brussels.
Template:Flag
  • Bulgaria has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Bulgaria from its embassy in Bucharest, Romania.
Template:Flag
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Prague.
Template:Flag
  • Finland has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1960<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> (Nigeria broken diplomatic relations with France 5 January 1961 - 26 October 1965)
  • France has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Paris.
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1960<ref name="auswaertiges-amt.de"/>

See Germany-Nigeria relations

Template:Flag See Greece-Nigeria relations

Greece established a diplomatic mission in Nigeria in 1970. Trade between the two countries is imbalanced, with imports from Greece to Nigeria exceeding exports. Greek-owned tankers have an important role in shipping Nigerian oil and natural gas, its main exports. Recently a Greek tanker was involved a dispute over crude oil smuggling.<ref name=bbcTanker>Template:Cite news</ref> There is a small Greek business community in Lagos.<ref name=MFAgr>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Greece has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Athens.
Template:Flag
  • Hungary has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Budapest.
Template:Flag
  • Ireland has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Dublin.
Template:Flag
  • Italy has an embassy in Nigeria and a consulate in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Rome.
Template:Flag
  • Netherlands has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in The Hague.
Template:Flag 30 May 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 May 1962<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See Nigeria–Poland relations

  • Nigeria has an embassy in Warsaw.
  • Poland has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 10 July 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 July 1975<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Lisbon.
  • Portugal has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Bucharest.
  • Romania has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag See Nigeria–Russia relations
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Moscow.
  • Russia has an embassy in Abuja and a consulate-general in Lagos.
Template:Flag 10 February 1961 See Nigeria–Spain relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 February 1961<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Nigeria has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 3 October 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1961<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Abuja.
Template:Flag 1 October 1960 See Foreign relations of the United Kingdom

Nigeria established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 1 October 1960.<ref name="britain"/>Template:Failed verification

The UK governed Nigeria from 1862 to 1960, when Nigeria achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a Double Taxation Agreement,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> an Enhanced Trade and Investment Partnership,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> an Investment Agreement,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and a Security and Defence Partnership.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Oceania

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Template:Flag
Template:Flag 16 April 1982 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 April 1982 when the first Nigerian High Commissioner in Canberra, Mr. Edward Sanu, presented his credentials to the Governor General of New Zealand<ref name="Ministry of Foreign Affairs"/>
  • New Zealand is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Nigeria is accredited to New Zealand from its high commission in Canberra, Australia.
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.

International disputes

[edit]

Delimitation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, has been completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries around the Bakasi Peninsula is currently before the International Court of Justice; maritime boundary dispute with Equatorial Guinea because of disputed jurisdiction over oil-rich areas in the Gulf of Guinea.

Nigeria and the Commonwealth of Nations

[edit]

The Federation of Nigeria became independent from the United Kingdom in 1960 with Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Nigeria. Nigeria became a republic in the Commonwealth of Nations in 1963, when the Governor-General of Nigeria, Nnamdi Azikiwe became the first President of Nigeria.

Nigeria was suspended from the Commonwealth of Nations from 1995 until 1999, when its full membership was restored.

See also

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References

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Template:Reflist

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Template:Commons category

Template:Foreign relations of Nigeria Template:Nigeria topics Template:Africa in topic Template:Authority control

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