Buena Vista, Virginia

File:Buena Vista Sign.jpg

"6002 happy citizens and 3 old grouches"

Buena Vista (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is an independent city located in the Blue Ridge Mountains region of Virginia in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,641.<ref name="QF">Template:Cite web</ref> The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the independent cities of Buena Vista and Lexington, along with surrounding Rockbridge County, for statistical purposes.

The city is located approximately 39 miles northwest of Lynchburg and 56 miles northeast of Roanoke.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

History

Formerly named Hart's Bottom, Green Forest or Green Valley<ref name="newsleader">Template:Cite web</ref> until 1888, and chartered as a town in 1890, Buena Vista separated politically from surrounding Rockbridge County when granted a city charter on February 15, 1892.<ref name="buenavistavirginia.org">Template:Cite web</ref>

The Buena Vista Downtown Historic District, Buena Vista Colored School, Cedar Hill, Glen Maury, Old Courthouse, Southern Seminary Main Building, and W.N. Seay House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref name="nris">Template:NRISref</ref>

Early history

One civil war survey from 1863 lists a half dozen buildings on the site of what is now Buena Vista, including the Paxton and Majors properties and lists both as having mills along the Maury River, then called the “North River“.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The city itself was founded by Benjamin C. Moomaw in the late 1800s, and originally consisted only of a simple tannery at the intersection of two railroads and a canal. The Richmond and Alleghany Railroad and the Shenandoah Valley Railroad,<ref name="books.google.com">Template:Cite book</ref> stood alongside the James River Canal that had been used to transport materials from the Atlantic ports of Virginia to Lexington since the 18th century,<ref>Maury River#History</ref> but by the founding of the city had been converted for the distribution of water power.<ref name="books.google.com"/> After opening the tannery, Moomaw opened a pulp mill and a canning factory. In 1882 Appold & Sons Tannery opened, and the first public school opened in 1885.<ref name="buenavistavirginia.org"/>

In 1893, the town was described as "one of the many new towns that seem to have sprung up as if by magic in some parts of Virginia." In that same year, they passed a law banning the sale of alcohol, effectively making it a dry town. Previous to 1889 none of the 600 dwellings, churches, stores, hotels and other buildings in the town had been built "but where are streets and all that goes to make a booming city the reapers that year gathered a luxuriant crop of wheat."<ref name="books.google.com"/> In December 1888, Moomaw wrote the Buena Vista Prospectus to organize a town and began selling stock. "It took only 30 days for all the stock to be sold for a total of $400,000. With the sale completed, it was time to lay out the town and begin recruiting people and industries."<ref name="buenavistavirginia.org"/> On February 22, 1889, a large deposit of iron ore was reportedly discovered that resulted in a boom of economic activity that lasted until March 4, 1892.<ref name="buenavistavirginia.org"/> In just those three years the community grew extensively, adding a new brick school house, an opera house, two churches, a luxury hotel, a new Masonic Lodge (Buena Vista Lodge No. 186),<ref name="grandlodgeofvirginia">Template:Cite web</ref> a paper and pulp mill, a saddle factory, a cashmere mill, two brick and clay works, a wagon works, two banks, an egg crate factory, an electric light plant, a furniture and chair factory, a boiler factory, an iron furnace and steel factory, a glass foundry, and several wood and lumber establishments.<ref name="books.google.com"/>

Flooding

File:Flooding in Buena Vista (7797517896).jpg

Flooding in Buena Vista caused by the passage of Hurricane Camille through the area

Buena Vista is situated on the east side of the Maury River at the western foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The Maury has a history of destructive floods damaging nearby communities. Particularly notable were floods on Oct 12, 1870, on the death of Robert E. Lee, when the Maury River provided Lee a temporary coffin due to a dock washed away up river (source: Library Virginia Military Institute), and in 1936, 1969, 1985 and 1995.<ref name="field">Field Guide to the Chessie Nature Trail. Rockbrige Area Conservation Council, 1988.</ref> The Flood of '69 was the result of rainfall from the inland movement of Hurricane Camille. The Flood of '85 resulted from the convergence of three systems, including Hurricane Juan, which dumped tremendous amounts of rain on western Virginia.<ref name="va">VAEmergency.com > Newsroom & Archives > Virginia Hurricane History Template:Webarchive</ref> The flood of record for the lower Maury River (downstream of the confluence with the South River), including Buena Vista and Glasgow, occurred on August 20, 1969, at a stage of Template:Convert on the Buena Vista gauge. (Flooding begins at Template:Convert and major flooding at Template:Convert.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>) The downtowns of Buena Vista and Glasgow were submerged in over Template:Convert of water.<ref name="va"/> The upper Maury River including Lexington saw its flood of record during the Flood of 1985 when the gauging station at Rockbridge Baths recorded a value of Template:Convert from flood marks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The difference in flooding results from differing contributions of the South River depending on rainfall in the respective watersheds.

The James C. Olin Flood Control Project was completed in 1997 to reduce the potential for damage from flooding of the Maury River and inland streams in Buena Vista. The project consists of a 2.5-mile levee wall, topped by a walking trail known as the River Walk.

Geography

Buena Vista is located at Template:Coord (37.734455, -79.354277). It is surrounded by, but separate from, Rockbridge County. The Maury River forms part of the western boundary of Buena Vista, with the city limits crossing the river in one area to encompass Glen Maury Park on the west side.

U.S. Route 60 passes through the north side of Buena Vista, leading northwest Template:Convert to Lexington and east across the Blue Ridge Mountains Template:Convert to Amherst. US 60 intersects Interstate 81 Template:Convert west of Buena Vista. U.S. Route 501 has its northern terminus in the city and leads south Template:Convert to Lynchburg, passing through the James River gorge.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert, or 1.27%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010">Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref>

Demographics

2020 census

Buena Vista city, Virginia - Demographic Profile
(NH = Non-Hispanic)

Race / Ethnicity	Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	Pop 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	5,982	5,660	89.95%	85.23%
Black or African American alone (NH)	345	289	5.19%	4.35%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	71	39	1.07%	0.59%
Asian alone (NH)	29	24	0.44%	0.36%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	12	24	0.18%	0.36%
Some Other Race alone (NH)	0	18	0.00%	0.27%
Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH)	108	358	1.62%	5.39%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	103	229	1.55%	3.45%
Total	6,650	6,641	100.00%	100.00%

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

2018 census estimates

Based on Census population estimates and American Community Survey (ACS) estimates for 2018, the population of Buena Vista was 6,237 people, consisting of 2,539 households. 2.6% of the population was under 5, 17.4% were under 18, and 19.5% were 65 and older. The majority of the population were white at 89.9%, followed by Black or African American at 5.5%, and 2.7% were of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. The median household income was $34,273, and 15.2% of persons were below the poverty line.<ref name="census.gov">Template:Cite web</ref>

Additionally, the Census estimated there were 2,864 housing units in 2018. 66.7% of units were owner-occupied, and the median value of these owner-occupied units was $122,100. The median gross rent was $739.<ref name="census.gov"/>

Education

Buena Vista is home to Southern Virginia University, which had an enrollment of 1,106 full-time students in the fall of 2019.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The independent Buena Vista City Public School (BVCPS) system serves residents of the City. The enrollment for the 2019-2020 school year was 895 students pre-K through 12. The system's four schools are fully accredited by the Virginia Department of Education.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

There are four schools in the system:

• F. W. Kling Elementary, serving grades Pre-K through 2
• Enderly Heights Elementary, serving grades 3 through 5
• Parry McCluer Middle, serving grades 6-7
• Parry McCluer High, serving grades 8-12

Media

Buena Vista is within the Roanoke/Lynchburg media market. Local television news coverage is provided by television stations based in Roanoke, Virginia. The Roanoke Times is Buena Vista's major daily newspaper. Several non-daily print publications are produced locally which cover the Buena Vista, Lexington, and Rockbridge County area as listed below:

• The Rockbridge Advocate (monthly magazine)
• The News-Gazette (weekly newspaper)
• The Rockbridge Report (weekly website and cable broadcast by the students at Washington and Lee University)

Additionally, Buena Vista is the city of license for classic hits-formatted radio station 96.7 3WZ.

Landmarks

Landmarks and historic sites in Buena Vista include the 1890 Buena Vista Hotel (now Main Hall at SVU),<ref>[1] History; Southern Virginia University</ref> original Buena Vista Courthouse (now A.B. Modine Memorial Library),<ref>[2] Template:Webarchive History, In the beginning...; City of Buena Vista Official Website</ref> Canton Chinese RestaurantTemplate:Citation needed and Glen Maury Park,<ref>[3] Glen Maury Park</ref> particularly the two-story wooden pavilion which provides 360 degree views of the surrounding landscape.

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Buena Vista has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>Climate Summary for Buena Vista, Virginia</ref>

Notable people

• Major League Baseball World Series champion manager Charlie Manuel of the Philadelphia Phillies was a Buena Vista resident and is a graduate of Parry McCluer High School where he was a multi-sport star. Manuel played in the Major Leagues and Japan during his playing career in the 1960s and 1970s.<ref>[4] Charlie Manuel's Buena Vista roots; Mark Berman; October 22, 2008</ref>
• Author Gary Jennings. Best selling historical fiction writer famous for the novel Aztec. He was born in Buena Vista.<ref>Template:URL</ref>

Politics

Buena Vista was a Democratic stronghold for decades after it was incorporated, and beginning in the 1950s it was a swing county. Since 2000, the city has swung heavily into the Republican column. In the 2024 election, Donald Trump won the highest percentage for any Republican presidential candidate in the city’s history.

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Buena Vista, Virginia

External links

• City of Buena Vista official website
• Buena Vista, Virginia Community News
• Lexington-Rockbridge-Buena Vista Tourism