Editing 1732

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1732}}
{{Year nav|1732}}
[[File:Nadir at the court of Shah Tahmasp II.jpg|250px|thumb|[[April 16]]: Shah Tahmasp II of Persia is overthrown by General Nadir Khan.]] 
{{C18 year in topic}}
[[File:Elementa Chemiae-Boerhaave.jpg|thumb|right|[[Herman Boerhaave]] publishes ''Elementa chemiae'', considered the first text on chemistry.]]
{{Year article header|1732}}

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

===January&ndash;March===
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Russian Empire|Russia]] and [[Iran|Persia]] sign the [[Treaty of Riascha]] at [[Resht]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1732 |title=Historical Events for Year 1732 &#124; OnThisDay.com |website=Historyorb.com |access-date=2016-01-05}}</ref> Based on the terms of the agreement, Russia will no longer establish claims over Persian territories.
* [[February 9]] &ndash; The [[Swedish East India Company]] begins its profitable first expedition to [[China]], departing [[Gothenburg]] on the ship '' Friedericus Rex Sueciae'' under the command of [[Colin Campbell (Swedish East India Company)|Colin Campbell]].
* [[February 14]] &ndash; [[Henry Fielding]]'s comedy ''[[The Modern Husband]]'' premieres at the Royal Theatre on Drury Lane in London.
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[John Stackhouse (colonial administrator)|John Stackhouse]] is appointed by the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] as the new [[List of governors of Bengal Presidency| President]] of the [[Bengal Presidency]] and serves for seven years.
* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Herat Campaign of 1731|Herat Campaign]]: General [[Nader Shah]] of Persia (now [[Iran]]) suppresses the rebellion by Zulfiqar Khan in the city of [[Herat]] in what is now [[Afghanistan]]. <ref>"Herat I 1731-1732/Afghan Wars", in ''Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O'', by Tony Jaques (Greenwood Press, 2007) p445</ref>
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Chamaraja Wodeyar VII]] becomes the new [[Maharaja of Mysore|Maharaja]] of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] in Southern India, now the state of [[Karnataka]] and parts of [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]].
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[English people|English]] Captain [[Gough-Calthorpe family|Charles Gough]] rediscovers [[Gough Island]] in the [[South Atlantic]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wright|first=Gabriel|title=A new nautical directory for the East-India and China navigation|date=1804|publisher=W. Gilbert|oclc=680511332|page=394}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Heaney|first1=J. B.|last2=Holdgate|first2=M. W.|year=1957|title=The Gough Island Scientific Survey|journal=[[The Geographical Journal]]|volume=123|issue=1|jstor=1790718|pages=20–31|doi=10.2307/1790719}}</ref>
* [[March 30]] &ndash; MPs [[John Birch (died 1735)|John Birch]] and [[Denis Bond (MP)|Denis Bond]] are expelled from the [[House of Commons of Great Britain]] after using their positions on the Commission for Forfeited Lands to make fraudulent sales.

===April&ndash;June===
* [[April 12]] &ndash; King [[Christian VI of Denmark|Christian VI of Denmark-Norway]] signs the charter for the new [[Danish Asia Company]] (Dansk Asiatisk Kompagni), granting it a 40-year monopoly on Denmark-Norway's trade in [[Asia]], leading to the creation of [[Danish India]] and cities of [[Tharangambadi|Trankebar]] (now Tharangambadi in [[Tamil Nadu]]), [[Serampore|Frederiknagore]] (now Serampore in [[West Bengal]]) and the [[Nicobar Islands|Frederiksøerne]] Islands (now the Nicobar Islands). 
* [[April 16]] &ndash; After his [[Tahmasp's campaign of 1731|disastrous attempt to fight the Ottoman Empire]], Shah [[Tahmasp II]] is removed from the throne of [[Iran]] by one of his generals, [[Nader Shah|Nader Khan]], who later proclaims himself the King of Persia in Tahmasp's place as [[Nader Shah]].
* [[May 10]] &ndash; Representatives of the heirs of [[William Penn]] and of [[Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore|Lord Baltimore]], the respective owners of most of the land in the [[Province of Pennsylvania]] and the [[Province of Maryland]] set out [[Penn–Calvert boundary dispute|the boundary between the two future U.S. states]] after a survey determines that [[Philadelphia]] is located on the Maryland side of the border.  The dispute eventually leads to a lawsuit and the eventual survey by [[Charles Mason]] and [[Jeremiah Dixon]] to determine the [[Mason–Dixon line]].
* [[May 13]] &ndash; Rebels in [[Corsica]] agree to allow the [[Republic of Genoa]] to resume its administration of the island in return for amnesty and promised reforms. 
* [[May 28]] &ndash; [[Dirck van Cloon]] becomes the new [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] (now [[Indonesia]]).
* [[June 9]] &ndash; [[James Oglethorpe]] is granted a [[royal charter]] for the colony of [[Province of Georgia|Georgia]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bennett|first1=William J.|last2=Cribb|first2=John T. E.|title=The American Patriot's Almanac|year=2008|publisher=Thomas Nelson Inc|isbn=978-1-59555-267-9|page=208|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yY0awjK1R3YC&pg=PA208}}</ref>

===July&ndash;September===
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Spain]] completes the [[Spanish conquest of Oran (1732)|conquest of the Algerian cities]] of [[Oran]] and [[Mers El Kébir]] in the [[Oran Province]], after a 17-day siege.
* [[August 16]] &ndash; The [[Sovereign Military Order of Malta|Order of Malta]] under the command of [[Jacques-François de Chambray]] defeats a convoy of the [[Ottoman Empire]] and frees 14 Christian slaves, following the [[Battle of Damietta (1732)|naval battle of Damietta]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Quintano|first=Anton|title=The Maltese-Hospitaller Sailing Ship Squadron 1701-1798|publisher=Publishers Enterprises Group|year=2003|page=17|isbn=9789990903485}}
</ref>
* [[August 21]] &ndash; [[Mikhail Gvozdev]] in the ''Sviatoi Gavriil'' makes the first known crossing of the [[Bering Strait]], from [[Cape Dezhnev]] to [[Cape Prince of Wales]] in [[Alaska]], marking the first time that Europeans have reached the northwest coast of North America.<ref>Grinëv, Andreĭ Valʹterovich (translated by Richard L. Bland) (2018). ''Russian Colonization of Alaska: Preconditions, Discovery, and Initial Development, 1741-1799''. University of Nebraska Press.</ref>
* [[September 13]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of the Three Black Eagles]] or the Treaty of Berlin, a secret treaty between the Austrian Empire, the Russian Empire and Prussia against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
* [[September 16]]
** The magnitude 5.8 [[1732 Montreal earthquake|Montreal earthquake]] occurs in [[Quebec]] (New France).
** A military warehouse explosion kills up to two-thirds of the population of [[Campo Maior, Portugal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.igespar.pt/en/patrimonio/pesquisa/geral/patrimonioimovel/detail/71110/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317130005/http://www.igespar.pt/en/patrimonio/pesquisa/geral/patrimonioimovel/detail/71110/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-03-17|title=Castelo de Campo Maior|publisher=IGESPAR|language=Portuguese|accessdate=2021-06-26}}</ref>

===October&ndash;December===
* [[October 7]] &ndash; French Army Lieutenant General [[Florent-Jean de Vallière]] is tasked by [[Louis XV of France|King Louis XV]] to improve France's method of forging cannons.
* [[October 16]] &ndash; Russia approves the second Kamchatka expedition of Danish-born Russian cartographer [[Vitus Bering]], and the Admiralty orders him to sail east and try to claim uncharted lands in North America.
* [[November 29]] &ndash; The magnitude 6.6 [[1732 Irpinia earthquake|Irpinia earthquake]] causes {{formatnum:1940}} deaths in the former [[Kingdom of Naples]].
* [[December 5]] &ndash; 139 members of the [[Parlement of Paris]], exiled by order of King [[Louis XV of France|Louis XV]], secure their recall. <ref>B. Robert Kreiser, ''Miracles, Convulsions, and Ecclesiastical Politics in Early Eighteenth-Century Paris'' (Princeton University Press, 2015) p240</ref>
* [[December 7]] &ndash; The original Theatre Royal, [[Covent Garden]], London (the modern-day [[Royal Opera House]]) is opened.
* [[December 19]] &ndash; [[Benjamin Franklin]], in the ''Pennsylvania Gazette'', first advertises the publication of ''[[Poor Richard's Almanack]]'', purportedly written by "Richard Saunders", a pen name used by Franklin. <ref>Benjamin Franklin, ''The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin'', ed. by John Bigelow (G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1889) (editor's note, p170) </ref>  The book goes on sale on December 28.  <ref>"Poor Richard's Almanac", by William Pencak, in ''A Companion to Benjamin Franklin'', by David Waldstreicher (Wiley, 2011)</ref>  The annual publication will continue until 1758.

===Date unknown===
* [[Herman Boerhaave]] publishes the authorized edition of his ''Elementa chemiae'', recognised as the first text on chemistry.<ref>Clow, Archibald & Nan L. Clow ''The Chemical Revolution'', Batchworth Press, London, 1952.</ref>
* The world's first [[Lightvessel|lightship]] is moored at the [[Nore]], in the [[Thames Estuary]] of England.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/ConNarrative.64/chapterId/1506/Trinity-House.html|title=Trinity House &ndash; Lightvessels|work=PortCities London|access-date=2013-10-15}}</ref>
* This year's [[General Assembly of the Church of Scotland]] gives rise to the [[First Secession]] of [[1733]].</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[January]] &ndash; [[Abbas III]], Shah of Persia (d. [[1740]])
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Stanisław August Poniatowski]], last [[King of Poland]] and [[Grand Duke of Lithuania]] (d. [[1798]])
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Richard Henry Lee]], 12th [[President of the Continental Congress]] (d. [[1794]])
* [[January 24]] &ndash; [[Pierre de Beaumarchais]], French writer (d. [[1799]])<ref>{{cite book | last = Morton | first = Brian | title = Beaumarchais and the American Revolution | publisher = Lexington Books | location = Lanham, Md | year = 2003 | isbn = 9780739104682 |page=1}}</ref>
* [[February]] &ndash; [[Charles Churchill (satirist)|Charles Churchill]], English poet (d. [[1764]])
* [[February 6]] &ndash; [[Charles Lee (general)|Charles Lee]], general of the [[Continental Army]] (d. [[1782]])
{{multiple image
|image1 = Gilbert Stuart Williamstown Portrait of George Washington.jpg|width1=150|caption1=George Washington
|image2 = Jean-Bernard Restout Selfportrait 1794.png|width2=142|caption2=Jean-Bernard Restout
}}
* [[February 22]]
**[[George Washington]], first [[President of the United States]] (d. [[1799]])
**[[Jean-Bernard Restout]], French painter (d. [[1797]])
* [[March 1]] &ndash; [[William Cushing]], [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1810]])
* [[March 23]] &ndash; [[Adélaïde of France]], [[Fils de France|Princess of France]] and Duchess of Louvois (d. [[1800]])
* [[March 31]] &ndash; [[Joseph Haydn]], Austrian composer (d. [[1809]])
* [[April 5]] &ndash; [[Jean-Honoré Fragonard]], French painter (d. [[1806]])
* [[April 8]] &ndash; [[David Rittenhouse]], American astronomer, inventor, mathematician, surveyor, scientific instrument craftsman and public official (d. [[1796]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Frederick North, Lord North]], [[Prime Minister of Great Britain]] (d. [[1792]])<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Lord Frederick North - GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-prime-ministers/frederick-north |website=www.gov.uk |access-date=1 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[April 17]] &ndash; [[John Blair Jr.]], American politician and [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1800]])
* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach]], German composer (d. [[1795]])
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[William Crawford (soldier)|William Crawford]], American soldier and surveyor (d. [[1782]])
* [[September 26]] &ndash; [[José de Córdoba y Ramos]], Spanish explorer, naval commander (d. [[1815]])
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Jacques Necker]], French politician (d. [[1804]])
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[Nevil Maskelyne]], English Astronomer Royal (d. [[1811]])
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[John Hancock (silversmith)|John Hancock]], American silversmith (d. [[1784]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Cristina Roccati]], Italian scholar in physics (d. [[1797]])
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Thomas Johnson (jurist)|Thomas Johnson]], American politician and [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States]] (d. [[1819]])
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Jeanne Julie Éléonore de Lespinasse]], French salon holder (d. [[1776]])
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[John Dickinson (delegate)|John Dickinson]], Governor of Delaware and Pennsylvania (d. [[1808]])
* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Warren Hastings]], British administrator (d. [[1818]])
* [[December 15]] &ndash; [[Carl Gotthard Langhans]], German architect (d. [[1808]]) 
* [[December 21]] &ndash; [[Johann Christian Wiegleb]], German chemist (d. [[1800]]) 
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Richard Arkwright]], English inventor (d. [[1792]])
* ''date unknown'' &ndash; [[Francis Marion]], American officer (d. [[1795]])

== Deaths ==
[[File:Emperor Reigen.jpg|thumb|110px|[[Emperor Reigen]]]]
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[John Horsley (archaeologist)|John Horsley]], British archaeologist (b. c.[[1685]])
* [[January 14]] &ndash; [[Richard Hancorne]], Welsh clergyman (b. [[1687]])
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Louis de Sabran]], British theologian (b. [[1652]])
* [[February 6]] &ndash; [[Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch]], wealthy Scottish peeress (b. [[1651]])
* [[February 7]] &ndash; [[William Hiseland]], English (later British) soldier, reputed supercentenarian (b. [[1620]])
* [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Charles-René d'Hozier]], French historian (b. [[1640]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Bernard Bolingbroke Woodward|author2=William Leist ReadwinCates|title=Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical|publisher=Lee and Shepard|year=1872|page=426}}</ref>
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[Louis Marchand]], French organist and harpsichordist (b. [[1669]])
* [[February 18]] &ndash; [[Balthasar Permoser]], German sculptor (b. [[1651]])
* [[February 22]]
** [[Francis Atterbury]], English bishop and man of letters (b. [[1663]])
** [[Marie Thérèse de Bourbon]], Princess of Conti and titular queen of Poland (b. [[1666]])
* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Giacomo Serpotta]], Italian artist (b. [[1652]])
* [[February 28]] &ndash; [[André Charles Boulle]], French cabinet-maker (b. [[1642]])
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Johann Ernst Hanxleden]], German philologist (b. [[1681]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Catholic Encyclopedia|publisher=Appleton|year=1910|page=131}}</ref>
* [[April 6]] &ndash; [[Count Palatine Francis Louis of Neuburg]], Hochmeister of the Teutonic Order (b. [[1664]])
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[Thomas Parker, 1st Earl of Macclesfield]] (b. [[1666]])
* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[Thomas Boston]], Scottish church leader (b. [[1676]])
* [[May 30]] &ndash; [[John King (Rector of Chelsea)|John King]], English churchman (b. [[1652]])
* [[July 11]] &ndash; [[Theodore Eustace, Count Palatine of Sulzbach]] (b. [[1659]])
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Woodes Rogers]], English privateer and first Royal Governor of the Bahamas (b. c. [[1679]])
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Emperor Reigen]] of Japan (b. [[1654]])
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[George Duckett (Calne MP)]], English politician (b. [[1684]])
* [[October 12]] &ndash; [[Dionisia de Santa María Mitas Talangpaz]], Filipino saint (b. [[1691]])  
* [[October 25]] &ndash; [[Andrea Brustolon]], Italian artist (b. [[1662]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia]] (b. [[1666]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Adam Christian Thebesius]], German anatomist (b. [[1686]])
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[Daniel d'Auger de Subercase]], French naval officer, governor of Newfoundland (b. [[1661]])
* [[November 21]] &ndash; [[Jan Jansen Bleecker]], Mayor of Albany, New York (b. [[1641]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Charles Sergison]], English politician (b. [[1655]])
* [[December 4]] &ndash;  [[John Gay]], English poet and dramatist (b. [[1685]])<ref>{{cite book | last = Brant | first = Clare | title = Walking the streets of eighteenth-century London : John Gay's Trivia (1716 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford New York | year = 2007 | isbn = 9780199280490 |page=10}}</ref>
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[Johann Philipp Förtsch]], German opera composer (b. [[1652]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Jiang Tingxi]], Chinese painter, calligrapher, encyclopedist, foreign diplomat to Japan (b. [[1669]])
** [[Agrippina Petrovna Volkonskaia]], politically active Russian lady-in-waiting

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1732}}
[[Category:1732| ]]
[[Category:Leap years in the Gregorian calendar]]