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===Length=== ====Long vowels==== *[[Arabic language|Arabic]] and [[Persian language|Persian]]: {{angle bracket|á, í, ú}} were used in western [[transliteration]] of Islamic language texts from the 18th to early 20th centuries. Representing the long vowels, they are typically transcribed with a [[Macron (diacritic)|macron]] today except in [[Bahá'í orthography]]. *[[Classical Latin]]: sometimes used to represent the [[Apex (diacritic)|apex]] in modern orthography. *[[Czech language|Czech]]: {{angle bracket|á, é, í, ó, ú, ý}} are the long versions of {{angle bracket|a, e, i, o, u, y}}. The accent is known as {{lang|cs|čárka}}. To indicate a long {{angle bracket|u}} in the middle or at the end of a word, a {{lang|cs|[[ring (diacritic)|kroužek]]}} ("ring") is used instead, to form {{angle bracket|ů}}. *[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]: {{angle bracket|í, ó, ú}} are the long equivalents of the vowels {{angle bracket|i, o, u}}. {{angle bracket|ő, ű}} (see [[double acute accent]]) are the long equivalents of {{angle bracket|ö, ü}}. Both types of accents are known as {{lang|hu|hosszú ékezet}} ({{lang|hu|hosszú}} means long). The letters {{angle bracket|á}} and {{angle bracket|é}} are two long vowels but they are also distinct in quality, rather than being the long equivalents of {{angle bracket|a}} and {{angle bracket|e}} (see below in [[#Letter extension|Letter extension]]). *[[Irish language|Irish]]: {{angle bracket|á, é, í, ó, ú}} are the long equivalents of the vowels {{angle bracket|a, e, i, o, u}}, the accent affects pronunciation and meaning, e.g. {{lang|ga|[[Seán]]}} ("John") but {{lang|ga|sean}} ("old").<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/21/irish-state-agency-refuses-to-spell-names-correctly-on-public-transport-pass|title=Anger over spelling of Irish names on transport passes: Irish transport authority blames 'technical limitation' for lack of fadas on Leap cards|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=21 January 2019|access-date=21 January 2019|first=Rory|last=Carroll}}</ref> The accent is known as a {{lang|ga|(síneadh) fada}} {{IPA|ga|ˌʃiːnʲə ˈfˠad̪ˠə|}} ("long (sign)"), which is also used in [[Hiberno-English]]. *[[Old Norse]]: {{anglebracket|á, é, í, ó, ú, ý}} are the long versions of {{anglebracket|a, e, i, o, u, y}}. Sometimes, {{angle bracket|ǿ}} is used as the long version of {{angle bracket|ø}}, but {{angle bracket|œ}} is used more often. Sometimes, the short-lived [[Old Norse#Old Icelandic|Old Icelandic long {{angle bracket|ǫ}}]] (also written {{angle bracket|ö}}) is written using an acute-accented form, {{angle bracket|ǫ́}}, or a version with a macron, {{angle bracket|ǭ}}, but usually it is not distinguished from {{angle bracket|á}} from which it is derived by [[Old Norse#Umlaut|u-mutation]]. *[[Slovak language|Slovak]]: the acute accent is called {{lang|sl|dĺžeň}} in Slovak. In addition to the long vowels {{angle bracket|á, é, í, ó, ú, ý}}, dĺžeň is used to mark [[syllabic consonant]]s {{angle bracket|ŕ, ĺ}}, which are the long counterparts of syllabic {{angle bracket|r, l}}. ====Short vowels==== *[[Ligurian (Romance language)|Ligurian]]: in the official orthography, ''é'' is used for short {{IPA|[e]}}, and ''ó'' is used for short {{IPA|[u]}}.
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