Editing 974 (section)

==== Africa ====
* The [[Qarmatians]] are defeated north of [[Cairo]] by [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid]] forces under General [[Jawhar (general)|Jawhar al-Siqilli]]. He consolidates Fatimid rule and sends a [[legation]] to the Christian land of [[Nubia]] to secure the southern border of [[Egypt in the Middle Ages|Egypt]]. Arab traders introduce [[Islam]] to the population, which gradually supplants [[Christianity]].
* An offensive, by the [[Spain]]-based [[Caliphate of Córdoba]] brings the [[Maghrebi Arabic|Maghrebi]] [[Idrisid dynasty|Idrisid Dynasty]] to an end. Caliph [[Al-Hakam II]] maintains the supremacy of the caliphate over the kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Navarra|Navarra]], [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] and [[Kingdom of León|León]].<ref>Gilbert Meynier (2010). ''L'Algérie cœr du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518)''. Paris: La Découverte; p. 42.</ref>