Editing World War I casualties (section)

== Sources ==
<!--Please do not change any casualty numbers until it has been suggested/discussed on the talk page. Sources should also be stated.-->

[[File:Ypres-necropole-national-gravestones.redvers.jpg|right|thumb|Graves of French soldiers who died on the [[Ypres Salient]], Ypres Necropole National, [[Ypres]], [[Belgium]]]]
[[File:India Gate in New Delhi 03-2016.jpg|thumb|right|The [[India Gate]] in [[Delhi]] commemorates the [[British Indian Army|Indian soldiers]] who died during World War I.]]
* The [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]] (CWGC) Annual Report 2014–2015<ref name="CWGCAR" /> provides current statistics on the military dead for the [[British Empire]]. The war dead totals listed in the report are based on the research by the CWGC to identify and commemorate Commonwealth war dead. The statistics tabulated by The Commonwealth War Graves Commission are representative of the number of names commemorated for all servicemen/women of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth and former UK Dependencies, whose death was attributable to their war service. Some auxiliary and civilian organizations are also accorded war grave status if death occurred under certain specified conditions. For the purposes of CWGC the dates of inclusion for Commonwealth War Dead are 4 August 1914 to 31 August 1921. Total World War I dead were 1,116,371 (UK and former colonies 887,711; Undivided India 73,895; Canada 64,997; Australia 62,123; New Zealand 18,053; South Africa 9,592). The Commonwealth War Graves Commission figures also include the [[Merchant Navy]].
* ''Statistics of the Military Effort of the British Empire During the Great War 1914–1920'', The [[War Office]] March 1922.<ref name="stats" /> This official report lists Army casualties (including Royal Naval Division) of 908,371 killed in action, died of wounds, died as prisoners of war and were missing in action from 4 August 1914 to 31 December 1920, (British Isles 702,410; India 64,449; Canada 56,639; Australia 59,330; New Zealand 16,711; South Africa 7,121 and Newfoundland 1,204, other colonies 507).<ref name="stats" /> Figures of the [[Royal Navy]] war dead and missing of 32,287 were listed separately.<ref name="stats 339" /> These figures do not include the [[Merchant Navy]] dead of 14,661.<ref name="vlib.us"/><br /> The losses of France, Belgium, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Greece, Russia, the USA, Bulgaria, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey were also listed in the UK War Office report.<ref name="stats"/>
* The official "final and corrected" casualty figures for British Army, including the Territorial Force (not including allied [[British Empire]] forces) were issued on 10 March 1921. The losses were for the period 4 August 1914 until 30 September 1919, included 573,507 "killed in action, died from wounds and died of other causes"; 254,176 missing less 154,308 released prisoners; for a net total of 673,375 dead and missing. There were 1,643,469 wounded also listed in the report.<ref name="The Army Council 1919. p. 62">The Army Council. General Annual Report of the British Army 1912–1919. Parliamentary Paper 1921, XX, Cmd.1193., Part IV pp. 62–72</ref>
* Sources for British Empire casualties are divergent and contradictory. The report of the War Office published in 1922 put the total number of British Empire "soldiers who lost their lives" at 908,371.<ref name="The War Office 1922 p. 239">The War Office (1922). Statistics of the Military Effort of the British Empire During the Great War 1914–1920. Reprinted by Naval & Military Press. p. 239 {{ISBN|978-1-84734-681-0}}.</ref> On a separate schedule the War Office listed the losses of the Royal Navy at 32,237 dead and missing.<ref>The War Office (1922). Statistics of the Military Effort of the British Empire During the Great War 1914–1920. Reprinted by Naval & Military Press. p. 339 {{ISBN|978-1-84734-681-0}}.</ref> It is implicit in this presentation that the figures for "soldiers who lost their lives" do not include the Royal Navy. However many published reference works list total British Empire(including the Dominions) losses at 908,371, it is implicit in these presentations that the figures for total losses include the Royal Navy.<ref name="EPFW" /><ref name="Ellis 2001 269 70" /><ref name="World War I 2010 p. 219" />
* The War Office report puts the number of "soldiers who lost their lives" from the British Regular Army and Royal Naval Division at 702,410.<ref name="The War Office 1922 p. 239" /> This is not in agreement with the "final and corrected" figures in the 1921 report for the army published in the General Annual Report of the British Army 1912–1919, which put British Army dead and missing at 673,375 and the official compilation of Army war dead published in 1921 that put total losses at about 673,000.<ref name="The Army Council 1919. p. 62" /><ref>Soldiers died in the great war, 1914–1919, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1920–1921</ref> The War Office report did not explain the reason for this discrepancy; the difference is more than likely due to their inclusion of the [[Royal Naval Division]] and deaths outside of combat theaters.<ref name="Dumas, Samuel 1923 p. 139">Dumas, Samuel (1923). Losses of Life Caused by War. Oxford. p. 139 "From Dr. T.H.C. Stevenson of the General Register Office, London, I received privately the following figures. There were also about 19,000 deaths among troops not connected with any of the expeditionary forces"</ref>
* ''Casualties and Medical Statistics'' published in 1931.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/008226945 |title=Medical services; casualties and medical statistics of the great war, by Major T. J. Mitchell and Miss G. M. Smith p. 12 |access-date=20 November 2014}}</ref><ref>Mitchell, T. J. (1931). Casualties and Medical Statistics of the Great War. London: Reprinted by Battery Press (1997) {{ISBN|978-0-89839-263-0}} p. 12</ref> was the final volume of the ''Official Medical History of the War'', gives [[British Empire]], including the Dominions, for Army losses by cause of death. Total war dead in combat theaters from 1914 to 1918 were 876,084, which included 418,361 killed, 167,172 died of wounds, 113,173 died of disease or injury, 161,046 missing and presumed dead and 16,332 prisoner of war deaths. Also listed were 2,004,976 wounded and 6,074,552 sick and injured.<ref>Casualties and Medical Statistics of the Great War p. 12 lists a total of 352,458 missing and prisoners of war; included in this total were 191,412 prisoners of whom 16,332 died in captivity.</ref> Total losses were not broken out for the UK and each [[Dominion]], the figures are for losses in combat theaters only and do not include casualties of forces stationed in the UK from accidents or disease, casualties of the [[Royal Naval Division]] are also not included in these figures; the losses of the [[Gallipoli Campaign]] are for British forces only, since records for [[Dominion]] forces were incomplete.<ref name="casualties1931" /> Figures do not include the [[Royal Navy]].
* ''Military Casualties–World War–Estimated," Statistics Branch, General Staff, U.S. War Department, 25 February 1924''. This report prepared by the U.S. War Department estimated the casualties of the belligerents in the war. The figures from this report are listed in the Encyclopædia Britannica and often cited in historical literature.<ref name="Statistical Services Center 2010" />
* Huber, Michel ''La Population de la France pendant la guerre'', Paris 1931.<ref name="Ref-1">Huber, Michel (1931). La Population de la France pendant la guerre. Paris.</ref> This study published by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, lists official French government figures for war-related military deaths and missing of France and its colonies.
* Mortara, Giorgo ''La Salute pubblica in Italia durante e dopo la Guerra'', New Haven: Yale University Press 1925.<ref>Mortara, G (1925). La Salute pubblica in Italia durante e dopo la Guerra. New Haven: Yale University Press.</ref> The official government Italian statistics on war dead are listed here. A brief summary of data from this report can be found online. [http://www.demographic-research.org/ go to Vol 13, No. 15]
* The demographer Boris Urlanis, analysis of the military dead for the belligerents in the war including his estimates for the combat related deaths included in total deaths.<ref name="population1971" />
* The Belgian government published statistics on their war losses in the ''Annuaire statistique de la Belgique et du Congo Belge 1915–1919''<ref name="extranet.arch.be" />
* Heeres-Sanitätsinspektion im Reichskriegsministeriums, ''Sanitätsbericht über das deutsche Heer, (Deutsches Feld- und Besatzungsheer), im Weltkriege 1914–1918'', Volume 3, Sec. 1, Berlin 1934. The official German Army medical war history listed German losses.
* Grebler, Leo and Winkler, Wilhelm ''The Cost of the World War to Germany and Austria-Hungary'' This study published by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace details the losses of Austria-Hungary and Germany in the war.<ref name="university1940">Grebler, Leo (1940). The Cost of the World War to Germany and Austria-Hungary. Yale University Press.</ref>
* Erickson, Edward J. [[Ordered to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War]] The authors estimates were made based data from official Ottoman sources.<ref>Erickson, Edward J., Ordered to Die: A History of the Ottoman Army in the First World War, Greenwood 2001. {{ISBN|978-0-313-31516-9}}</ref>
* [[Liebmann Hersch|Hersch, Liebmann]], ''La mortalité causée par la guerre mondiale'', Metron. The International Review of Statistics, 1927, Vol 7. No 1. This study published in an academic journal, detailed the demographic impact of the war on France, the UK, Italy, Belgium, Portugal, Serbia, Romania and Greece. The total estimated increase in the number of civilian deaths due to the war was 2,171,000, not including an additional 984,000 [[Spanish flu]] deaths. These losses were due primarily wartime privations.<ref>The article is available from [http://www.metronjournal.it/ Metron, the publisher] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929042637/http://www.metronjournal.it/ |date=29 September 2007 }}</ref>
* Dumas, Samuel (1923). ''Losses of Life Caused by War''  published by Oxford University Press. This study detailed the impact of the war on the civilian population. The study estimated excess civilian deaths at: France (264,000 to 284,000), the UK (181,000), Italy (324,000) and Germany(692,000).<ref>Dumas, Samuel (1923). Losses of Life Caused by War. Oxford.</ref>
* In The [[International Labour Office]], an agency of the [[League of Nations]], published statistics on the military dead and missing for the belligerents in the war.<ref>International Labour Office, Enquête sur la production. Rapport général. Paris [etc.] Berger-Levrault, 1923–25. Tome 4 p. 29</ref>

The source of population data is:
* Haythornthwaite, Philip J., ''The World War One Source Book'' pp.&nbsp;382–383<ref name="auto" />