Editing List of Chinese monarchs (section)

===Ming dynasty (1368–1644)===
{{Main list|List of emperors of the Ming dynasty}}
{{further|Ming dynasty|Family tree of Chinese monarchs (late)#Ming dynasty and Southern Ming|label2=Ming dynasty family tree}}

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"
|-
|+ Ming dynasty (大明; 1368–1644)
|-
! scope="col" width="10%" | Portrait
! scope="col" width="15%" | [[Chinese era name|Era name]]
! scope="col" width="15%" | Personal name
! scope="col" width="23%" | Reign{{efn|In the [[Ming dynasty]], a few days usually separate each emperor's reign. When a Ming emperor died there was a period of mourning, after which their successor was crowned as soon a "propitious" day was chosen. Emperors reigned in their predecessor's [[Chinese era name|era name]] until a new era name was declared at the beginning of the next year. Thus, the [[Hongwu]] (洪武) era did not technically end with the [[Hongwu Emperor]]'s death on 24 June 1398, but ended on 5 February 1399 when the subsequent [[Jianwen Emperor]] began a new era on 6 February 1399.{{sfn|Wilkinson|2018|pp=885–886}}}}
! scope="col" width="12%" | Succession
! scope="col" width="25%" | Life details
|-
| [[File:A Seated Portrait of Ming Emperor Taizu.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Hongwu Emperor|Hongwu]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|洪武}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/> 
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Taizu ({{lang|zh-hant|太祖}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Gao ({{lang|zh-hant|高皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Kaitian Xingdao Zhaoji Liji Dasheng Zhishen Renwen Yiwu Junde Chenggong Gao ({{lang|zh-hant|開天行道肇紀立極大聖至神仁文義武俊德成功高皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Yuanzhang<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱元璋}}
| 23 January 1368 – 24 June 1398<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1368|01|23|1398|06|24}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/> 
* '''Hongwu''' (洪武)<br/>23 January 1368 – 24 June 1398
}}</small>
| Born into poverty, he led the [[Red Turban Rebellions]] to establish the Ming dynasty
| 21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1328|10|21|1398|06|24}})</small>
----Initiated cultural reconstruction and political reform, also noted for his extreme and violent methods of enforcement. Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=381–392|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2=pp=160–163|3a1=Langlois|3y=1988|3pp=107–181|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=106|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| colspan="2" | '''[[Jianwen Emperor|Jianwen]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|建文}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Huizong ({{lang|zh-hant|惠宗}}){{efn|The temple name Huizong was given to the [[Jianwen Emperor]] long after his reign by [[Zhu Yousong]], the [[Prince of Fu (Ming dynasty)|Prince of Fu]], in 1644.{{sfn|Wilkinson|2018|p=885}}}}
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Hui ({{lang|zh-hant|惠皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Gōngmǐn Hui ({{lang|zh-hant|恭閔惠皇帝}}){{efn|The posthumous name Emperor Gongmin Hui was given to the [[Jianwen Emperor]] long after his reign by the [[Qianlong Emperor]] in 1736.{{sfn|Wilkinson|2018|p=885}}}}
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Yunwen<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱允炆}}
| 30 June 1398 – 13 July 1402<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1398|06|30|1402|07|13}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/> 
* '''Hongwu''' (洪武)<br/>30 June 1398 – 5 February 1399
* '''Jianwen''' (建文)<br/>6 February 1399 – 13 July 1402
}}</small>
| Grandson of [[Hongwu Emperor|Hongwu]]
| 5 December 1377 – 13 July 1402<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1377|12|05|1402|07|13}})</small>
----Overthrown by the future [[Yongle Emperor]], his uncle. Either died in or disappeared after the fires in the [[Ming Palace]].{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=397–404|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2p=163|3a1=Chan|3y=1988|3pp=184–204|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=106|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Portrait assis de l'empereur Ming Chengzu.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Yongle Emperor|Yongle]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|永樂}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Chengzu ({{lang|zh-hant|成祖}}){{efn|Following his death, the Yongle Emperor was given the temple name Taizong
({{lang|zh-hant|太宗}}) by his successor the [[Hongxi Emperor]], but this was changed on 3 October 1538 to Chengzu ({{lang|zh-hant|成祖}}) by the [[Jiajing Emperor]]. The latter has been used since its bestowment{{sfn|Wilkinson|2018|p=885}}}}
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Wen ({{lang|zh-hant|文皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Qitian Hongdao Gaoming Zhaoyun Shengwu Shengong Chunren Zhixiao Wen ({{lang|zh-hant|啓天弘道高明肇運聖武神功純仁至孝文皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Di<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱棣}}
| 17 July 1402 – 12 August 1424<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1402|07|17|1424|08|12}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/> 
* '''Hongwu''' (洪武)<br/>30 July 1402 – 22 January 1403
* '''Yongle''' (永樂)<br/>23 January 1403 – 19 January 1425
}}</small>
| Son of [[Hongwu Emperor|Hongwu]]
| 2 May 1360 – 12 August 1424<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1360|05|02|1424|08|12}})</small>
----Raised the Ming to its highest power. Patron of many projects, including the [[Porcelain Tower of Nanjing]], ''[[Yongle Encyclopedia]]'' and the [[Ming treasure voyages]]. Died of natural causes.{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=355–364|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=163–167|3a1=Chan|3y=1988|3pp=205–275|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=107|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:MingRenzongPortrait.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Hongxi Emperor|Hongxi]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|洪熙}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Renzong ({{lang|zh-hant|仁宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Zhao ({{lang|zh-hant|昭皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Jingtian Tidao Chuncheng Zhide Hongwen Qinwu Zhangsheng Daxiao Zhao ({{lang|zh-hant|敬天體道純誠至德弘文欽武章聖達孝昭皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Gaochi<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱高熾}}
| 7 September 1424 – 29 May 1425<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1424|09|07|1425|05|29}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/> 
* '''Yongle''' (永樂)<br/>7 September 1424 – 19 January 1425
* '''Hongxi''' (洪熙)<br/>20 January 1425 – 7 February 1426
}}</small>
| Son of [[Yongle Emperor|Yongle]]
| 16 August 1378 – 29 May 1425<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1378|08|16|1425|05|29}})</small>
----Focused primarily on domestic affairs. Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=338–340|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=167–169|3a1=Chan|3y=1988|3pp=276–283|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=107|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Portrait assis de l'empereur Ming Xuanzong.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Xuande Emperor|Xuande]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|宣德}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Xuanzong ({{lang|zh-hant|宣宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Zhang ({{lang|zh-hant|章皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Xiantian Chongdao Yingming Shensheng Qinwen Zhaowu Kuanren Chunxiao Zhang ({{lang|zh-hant|憲天崇道英明神聖欽文昭武寬仁純孝章皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Zhanji<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱瞻基}}
| 27 June 1425 – 31 January 1435<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1425|06|27|1435|01|31}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/>
* '''Hongxi''' (洪熙)<br/>28 June 1425 – 7 February 1426
* '''Xuande''' (宣德)<br/>8 February 1426 – 17 January 1436
}}</small>
| Son of [[Hongxi Emperor|Hongxi]]
| 16 March 1399 – 31 January 1435<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1399|03|16|1435|01|31}})</small>
----A noted painter. Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=279–289|2a1=Paludan|2a2=1998|2p=169|3a1=Chan|3y=1988|3pp=284–304|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=107|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Portrait assis de l'empereur Ming Yingzong.jpg|110px]]
| ''known by his temple:''<br/>'''[[Emperor Yingzong of Ming|Yingzong]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|英宗}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Yingzong ({{lang|zh-hant|英宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Rui ({{lang|zh-hant|睿皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Fatian Lidao Renming Chengjing Zhaowen Xianwu Zhide Guangxiao Rui ({{lang|zh-hant|法天立道仁明誠敬昭文憲武至德廣孝睿皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Qizhen<br/>朱祁镇
| 7 February 1435 – 1 September 1449<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1435|2|7|1449|9|1}})</small>{{efn|From 1 September 1449 to 20 September 1450, [[Emperor Yingzong of Ming|Emperor Yingzong]] was a captive of the [[Northern Yuan]] dynasty during the [[Tumu Crisis]]. He was restored to power on 11 February 1457.{{sfn|Goodrich|Fang|1976a|p=xxi}}|name=captive}}<br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = |<hr/>
* '''Xuande''' (宣德)<br/>7 February 1435 – 17 January 1436
* '''Zhengtong''' (正統)<br/>18 January 1436 – 13 January 1450
}}</small>
| Son of [[Xuande Emperor|Xuande]]
| 29 November 1427 – 23 February 1464<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1427|11|29|1464|02|23}})</small>
----His reign was dominated by eunuchs, particularly [[Wang Zhen (eunuch)|Wang Zhen]], which led to growing instability. Captured by the [[Northern Yuan]] dynasty during the [[Tumu Crisis]].{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=289–294|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=170–171|3a1=Twitchett|3a2=Grimm|3y=1988|3pp=305–324|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=107|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| colspan="2" | '''[[Jingtai Emperor|Jingtai]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|景泰}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Daizong ({{lang|zh-hant|代宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Jing ({{lang|zh-hant|景皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Gongren Kangding Jing ({{lang|zh-hant|恭仁康定景皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Qiyu<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱祁鈺}}
| 22 September 1449 – 24 February 1457<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1449|09|22|1457|02|24}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand =
| <hr/>
* '''Zhengtong''' (正統)<br/>18 January 1436 – 13 January 1450
* '''Jingtai''' (景泰)<br/>14 January 1450 – 11 February 1457
}}</small>
| Son of [[Xuande Emperor|Xuande]]
| 11 September 1428 – 14 March 1457<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1428|09|11|1457|03|14}})</small>
----Briefly ruled while his brother was held captive; deposed soon after. Died a month later, possibly from murder.{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|2pp=294–297|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2p=171|3a1=Twitchett|3a2=Grimm|3y=1988|3pp=325–338|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=108|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Portrait assis de l'empereur Ming Yingzong.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Emperor Yingzong of Ming|Yingzong]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|英宗}}<br/><small>('''second reign''')</small>
| Zhu Qizhen<br/>朱祁镇
| 11 February 1457 – 23 February 1464<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1457|2|11|1464|2|23}})</small>{{efn||name=captive}}<br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand =
| <hr/>
* '''Tianshun''' (天順)<br/>11 February 1457 – 26 January 1465
}}</small>
| Son of [[Xuande Emperor|Xuande]]
| 29 November 1427 – 23 February 1464<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1427|11|29|1464|02|23}})</small>
----Restored to power after his release. Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=289–294|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=171–172|3a1=Twitchett|3a2=Grimm|3y=1988|3pp=339–342|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=107|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Portrait assis de l'empereur Ming Xianzong.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Chenghua Emperor|Chenghua]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|成化}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Xianzong ({{lang|zh-hant|憲宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Chun ({{lang|zh-hant|純皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Jitian Ningdao Chengming Renjing Chongwen Suwu Hongde Shengxiao Chun ({{lang|zh-hant|繼天凝道誠明仁敬崇文肅武宏德聖孝純皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Jianshen<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱見濡}}
| 28 February 1464 – 9 September 1487<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1464|02|28|1487|09|09}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/>
* '''Jingtai''' (景泰)<br/>28 February 1464 – 26 January 1465
* '''Chenghua''' (成化)<br/>27 January 1465 – 9 September 1487
}}</small>
| Son of [[Emperor Yingzong of Ming|Yingzong]]
| 9 December 1447 – 9 September 1487<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1447|12|09|1487|09|09}})</small>
----Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=298–304|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=173–174|3a1=Mote|3y=1988|3pp=343–369|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=108|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Portrait assis de l'empereur Hongzhi.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Hongzhi Emperor|Hongzhi]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|弘治}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Xiaozong ({{lang|zh-hant|孝宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Jing ({{lang|zh-hant|敬皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Datian Mingdao Chuncheng Zhongzheng Shengwen Shenwu Zhiren Dade Jing ({{lang|zh-hant|達天明道純誠中正聖文神武至仁大德敬皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Youcheng<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱祐樘}}
| 22 September 1487 – 8 June 1505<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1487|09|22|1505|06|08}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/>
* '''Chenghua''' (成化)<br/>22 September 1487 – 13 January 1488
* '''Hongzhi''' (弘治)<br/>14 January 1488 – 23 January 1506
}}</small>
| Son of [[Chenghua Emperor|Chenghua]]
| 30 July 1470 – 9 June 1505<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1470|07|30|1505|06|09}})</small>
----Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=375–380|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2p=174|3a1=Mote|3y=1988|3pp=343–369|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=108|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Ming Wuzong.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Zhengde Emperor|Zhengde]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|正德}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Wuzong ({{lang|zh-hant|武宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Yi ({{lang|zh-hant|毅皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Chengtian Dadao Yingsu Ruizhe Zhaode Xiangong Hongwen Sixiao Yi ({{lang|zh-hant|承天達道英肅睿哲昭德顯功弘文思孝毅皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Houzhao<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱厚㷖}}
| 19 June 1505 – 20 April 1521<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1505|06|19|1521|04|20}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/>
* '''Hongzhi''' (弘治)<br/>19 June 1505 – 23 January 1506
* '''Zhengde''' (正德)<br/>24 January 1506 – 20 April 1521
}}</small>
| Son of [[Hongzhi Emperor|Hongzhi]]
| 14 November 1491 – 20 April 1521<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1491|11|14|1521|04|20}})</small>
----His reign saw the rise of influence from eunuchs, particularly [[Liu Jin]]. Probably drowned after his boat sank.{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=307–315|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=176–178|3a1=Geiss|3y=1988a|3pp=403–439|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=108|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Portrait assis de l'empereur Jiajing.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Jiajing Emperor|Jiajing]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|嘉靖}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Shizong ({{lang|zh-hant|世宗}}) 
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Su ({{lang|zh-hant|肅皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Qintian Lüdao Yingyi Shengshen Xuanwen Guangwu Hongren Daxiao Su ({{lang|zh-hant|欽天履道英毅聖神宣文廣武洪仁大孝肅皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Houcong<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱厚熜}}
| 27 May 1521 – 23 January 1567<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1521|05|27|1567|01|22}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/>
* '''Zhengde''' (正德)<br/>27 May 1506 – 26 January 1522
* '''Jiajing''' (嘉靖)<br/>28 January 1522 – 23 January 1567
}}</small>
| Grandson of [[Chenghua Emperor|Chenghua]], brother of [[Zhengde Emperor|Zhengde]]
| 16 September 1507 – 23 January 1567<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1507|09|16|1567|01|23}})</small>
----Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=315–322|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=178–180|3a1=Geiss|3y=1988b|3pp=440–510|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=108|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:明穆宗坐像 軸.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Longqing Emperor|Longqing]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|隆慶}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Muzong ({{lang|zh-hant|穆宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Zhuang ({{lang|zh-hant|莊皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Qitian Longdao Yuanyi Kuanren Xianwen Guangwu Chunde Hongxiao Zhuang ({{lang|zh-hant|契天隆道淵懿寬仁顯文光武純德弘孝莊皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Zaiji<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱載坖}}
| 4 February 1567 – 5 July 1572<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1567|02|04|1572|07|05}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/>
* '''Jiajing''' (嘉靖)<br/>4 February 1567 – 8 February 1567
* '''Longqing''' (隆慶)<br/>9 February 1567 – 5 July 1572
}}</small>
| Son of [[Jiajing Emperor|Jiajing]]
| 4 March 1537 – 5 July 1572<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1537|03|04|1572|07|05}})</small>
----Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=365–367|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2p=180|3a1=Huang|3y=1988|3pp=511–513|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=108|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Ming Shenzong (1).jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Wanli Emperor|Wanli]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|萬曆}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Shénzōng ({{lang|zh-hant|神宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Xian ({{lang|zh-hant|顯皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Fantian Hedao Zhesu Dunjian Guangwen Zhangwu Anren Zhixiao Xian ({{lang|zh-hant|範天合道哲肅敦簡光文章武安仁止孝顯皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Yijun<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱翊鈞}}
| 19 July 1572 – 18 August 1620<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1572|07|19|1620|08|18}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/>
* '''Longqing''' (隆慶)<br/>19 July 1572 – 1 February 1573
* '''Wanli''' (萬曆)<br/>2 February 1573 – 18 August 1620
}}</small>
| Son of [[Longqing Emperor|Longqing]]
| 4 September 1563 – 18 August 1620<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1563|09|04|1620|08|18}})</small>
----Despite early successes, the gradual [[Decline of the Ming Dynasty|decline of Ming]] began towards the end of his reign. Died of natural causes{{sfnm|1a1=Goodrich|1a2=Fang|1y=1976a|1pp=324–338|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=180–183|3a1=Huang|3y=1988|3pp=511–517|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=109|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:Ming Guangzong.jpg|110px]]
| '''[[Taichang Emperor|Taichang]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|泰昌}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Guangzong ({{lang|zh-hant|光宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/> Emperor Zhen ({{lang|zh-hant|貞皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Chongtian Qidao Yingrui Gongchun Xianwen Jingwu Yuanren Yixiao Zhen ({{lang|zh-hant|崇天契道英睿恭純憲文景武淵仁懿孝貞皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Changluo<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱常洛}}
| 28 August – 26 September 1620<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1620|08|28|1620|09|26}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/> 
* '''Taichang''' (泰昌)<br/>28 August 1620 – 26 September 1620
}}</small>
| Son of [[Wanli Emperor|Wanli]]
| 28 August 1582 – 26 September 1620<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1582|08|28|1620|09|26}})</small>
----Died suddenly after a reign of around a month, possibly murdered by poison{{sfnm|1a1=Kennedy|1y=1943a|1pp=176–177|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2p=183|3a1=Atwell|3y=1988|3pp=590–594|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=109|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=885}}
|-
| [[File:明熹宗坐像.tiff|110px]]
| '''[[Tianqi Emperor|Tianqi]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|天啓}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Xizong ({{lang|zh-hant|熹宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Zhen ({{lang|zh-hant|貞皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Datian Chandao Dunxiao Duyou Zhangwen Xiangwu Jingmu Zhuangqin Zhen ({{lang|zh-hant|達天闡道敦孝篤友章文襄武靖穆莊勤悊皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Youjiao<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱由校}}
| 1 October 1620 – 30 September 1627<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1620|10|01|1627|09|30}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/> 
* '''Taichang''' (泰昌)<br/>1 October 1620 – 21 January 1621
* '''Tianqi''' (天啓)<br/>22 January 1621 – 30 September 1627
}}</small>
| Son of [[Taichang Emperor|Taichang]]
| 23 December 1605 – 30 September 1627<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1605|12|23|1627|09|30}})</small>
----A weak ruler, his reign was dominated by the eunuch [[Wei Zhongxian]]. Died from an unknown illness{{sfnm|1a1=Kennedy|1y=1943b|1p=190|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2pp=183, 187|3a1=Atwell|3y=1988|3pp=595–610|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=109|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=886}}
|-
| colspan="2" | '''[[Chongzhen Emperor|Chongzhen]]'''<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|崇禎}}
----<small>{{Collapsible list
| title = ''Other names''
| expand = |<hr/>
: '''Temple name''':<br/>Sīzōng ({{lang|zh-hant|思宗}})
: '''Posthumous name (short)''':<br/>Emperor Min ({{lang|zh-hant|愍皇帝}})
: '''Posthumous name (long)''':<br/>Emperor Zhuanglie Min ({{lang|zh-hant|莊烈愍皇帝}})
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
}}</small>
| Zhu Youjian<br/>{{lang|zh-hant|朱由檢}}
| 2 October 1627 – 25 April 1644<br/><small>({{Age in years, months and days|1627|10|02|1644|04|25}})</small><br/><small>{{Collapsible list
| titlestyle = background-color:transparent; text-align:right; font-weight:normal
| title = Era(s)
| expand = 
| <hr/> 
* '''Tianqi''' (天啓)<br/>2 October 1627 – 4 February 1628
* '''Chongzhen''' (崇禎)<br/>5 February 1628 – 25 April 1644
}}</small>
| Son of [[Taichang Emperor|Taichang]], brother of [[Tianqi Emperor|Tianqi]]
| 6 February 1611 – 25 April 1644<br/><small>(aged {{Age in years|1611|02|06|1644|04|25}})</small>
----Committed suicide, possibly by [[Zuihuai|hanging himself on a tree]].{{sfnm|1a1=Kennedy|1y=1943c|1pp=191–192|2a1=Paludan|2y=1998|2p=187|3a1=Atwell|3y=1988|3pp=611–636|4a1=Moule|4y=1957|4p=109|5a1=Wilkinson|5y=2018|5p=886}}
|}