Editing Milton Keynes (section)

==Economy, finances and business==
{{hatnote|Data on the economy of Milton Keynes are collected at borough level and are detailed at [[City of Milton Keynes#Economy|City of Milton Keynes § Economy]]}}

[[File:CMK Holiday Inn + Sainsburys-Argos.jpg|thumb|Sainsburys-Argos [then] company headquarters (left) and a Holiday-Inn hotel (one of 24 hotels within MK) in the city centre in 2021.]]

In 2014 and 2017, Milton Keynes ranked third in terms of contribution to the national economy, as measured by [[gross value added]] per worker, of the 63 largest conurbations in the UK.<ref name="C4C 2014">{{cite web |title=Milton Keynes |publisher=The [[Centre for Cities]] |date=2015 |url=http://www.centreforcities.org/city/milton-keynes/  |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126075844/http://www.centreforcities.org/city/milton-keynes/ |archive-date = 26 January 2016}} (2014 data)</ref><ref name="C4C2017">{{cite web |title=Milton Keynes |publisher=The [[Centre for Cities]] |date=2018 |url=http://www.centreforcities.org/city/milton-keynes/  |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181109092529/http://www.centreforcities.org/city/milton-keynes/ |archive-date = 9 November 2018}} (2017 data)</ref> In 2020, its ranking slipped to seventh.<ref name="c4cb 2021" />

===Major businesses===
Milton Keynes has consistently benefited from above-average economic growth, ranked as one of the UK's top five cities.<ref>{{cite report |title= Fast Growth Cities |url= https://www.centreforcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Fast-Growth-Cities.pdf |publisher= [[Centre for Cities]] |date=  |access-date= 8 February 2019 |archive-date= 17 April 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180417052339/http://www.centreforcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Fast-Growth-Cities.pdf |url-status= live }}</ref> In 2020 it was ranked sixth of 63 for business startups (per 10,000 people).<ref name="c4cb 2021">{{cite web |date=2021 |url=https://www.centreforcities.org/city/milton-keynes/ |title=Milton Keynes |publisher=[[Centre for Cities]] |access-date=10 February 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208175315/https://www.centreforcities.org/city/milton-keynes/ |archive-date=8 February 2022 }} (2020 data)</ref>

Milton Keynes is home to several national and international companies, notably 
[[Domino's Pizza Group|Domino's Pizza]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://corporate.dominos.co.uk/head-office |title=Head Office |publisher=[[Domino's Pizza]] UK |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212130932/https://corporate.dominos.co.uk/head-office |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[Marshall Amplification]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://marshall.com/about/contact-us|title=Contact us|publisher=[[Marshall Amplification]]|access-date=11 February 2019|archive-date=12 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212130708/https://marshall.com/about/contact-us|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Mercedes-Benz]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mercedes-benz.co.uk/passengercars/the-brand/contact-us/enquiries.module.html |title=Contact us |publisher=[[Mercedes-Benz]] UK |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212070653/https://www.mercedes-benz.co.uk/passengercars/the-brand/contact-us/enquiries.module.html |url-status=live }}</ref> 
[[Suzuki]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cars.suzuki.co.uk/contact-us/ |title=Contact us |publisher=[[Suzuki]] UK |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212070642/https://cars.suzuki.co.uk/contact-us/ |url-status=live }}</ref> 
[[Volkswagen Group]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://volkswagengroup.co.uk/content/sites/vwcorporate/volkswagengroup_couk/en/home/contact_us.html |title=Contact us |publisher=[[Volkswagen]] Group UK |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212130735/http://volkswagengroup.co.uk/content/sites/vwcorporate/volkswagengroup_couk/en/home/contact_us.html |url-status=live }}</ref> 
[[Red Bull Racing]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://redbullracing.redbull.com/article/contact-us |title=Contact us |publisher=[[Red Bull Racing]] Group UK |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212072154/https://redbullracing.redbull.com/article/contact-us |url-status=live }}</ref> 
[[Network Rail]],<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk/news/network-rails-new-national-centre-opens-for-business-in-milton-keynes |date=11 June 2012 |title=Network Rail's New National Centre Opens for Business in Milton Keynes |publisher=[[Network Rail]] |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=12 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212130721/https://www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk/news/network-rails-new-national-centre-opens-for-business-in-milton-keynes |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Yamaha Corporation|Yamaha Music Europe]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Selected Headquarters in Milton Keynes |url=http://www.milton-keynes.gov.uk/investmk/documents/Headquarters_List.pdf |work=Invest MK |access-date=8 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122104313/http://www.milton-keynes.gov.uk/investmk/documents/Headquarters_List.pdf |archive-date=22 January 2013 }}</ref>

[[Santander Group|Santander UK]] and the [[Open University]] are major employers locally.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.santanderjobs.co.uk/ask.php?app_data=app%2Fdiscussions%2Fview%2F41869%2Fhow-many-employees-work-at-the-milton-keynes-office |title=How many employees work at the Milton Keynes office? |publisher=[[Santander Group]] |access-date=13 February 2019 |archive-date=14 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214002537/https://www.santanderjobs.co.uk/ask.php?app_data=app%2Fdiscussions%2Fview%2F41869%2Fhow-many-employees-work-at-the-milton-keynes-office |url-status=live }} (The answer is "about 3,000").</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-40262288 | title=Open University overhaul risks job cuts | publisher=[[BBC]] | date=13 June 2017 | first=Judith | last=Burns | access-date=13 February 2019 | archive-date=13 February 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190213204449/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-40262288 | url-status=live }} "The University ... employs 4,400 academics and support staff" (90% of whom are based in Milton Keynes),</ref>

===Small and medium enterprise===
In 2013,{{efn|An updated report for 2016 is available but does not give this data.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.milton-keynes.gov.uk/assets/attach/36431/Local%20Economic%20Assessment%20Final%202016.pdf |title=Local Economic Assessment 2016 |publisher=Milton Keynes Council |date=January 2016 |access-date=7 May 2019}}</ref>}} 99.4% of enterprises being [[Small and medium enterprise|SMEs]], just 0.6% of businesses locally employ more than 250 people (but more than one third of employees),<ref name=MKLEAR>{{cite web |url=https://www.milton-keynes.gov.uk/assets/attach/13924/Local_Economic_Assessment_Refresh_March_2013_Final.pdf |title=Milton Keynes: Local Economic Assessment Refresh, March 2013 |page=18 |date=March 2013 |publisher=Milton Keynes Council |access-date=7 May 2019 |archive-date=7 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507181842/https://www.milton-keynes.gov.uk/assets/attach/13924/Local_Economic_Assessment_Refresh_March_2013_Final.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> whereas 81.5% employ fewer than 10 people.<ref name=MKLEAR /> The 'professional, scientific and technical sector' contributes the largest number of business units, 16.7%.<ref name=MKLEAR /> The retail sector is the largest contributor of employment.<ref name=MKLEAR /><ref name="BUA2011" /> Milton Keynes has one of the highest number of business start-ups in England, but also of failures.<ref name="c4cb 2021" /> Although education, health and public administration are important contributors to employment, the contribution is significantly less than the averages for England or the South East.<ref name=MKLEAR />

===Employment===
75% of the population is economically active, including 8.3% (of the population) who are self-employed.<ref name="BUA2011" /> 90% work in service industries of various sorts (of which wholesale and retail is the largest sector) and 9% in manufacturing.<ref name="BUA2011" />

===Social inequality===
In 2015, the City of Milton Keynes had nine "lower super output areas"{{efn|A "lower super output area" is a small geographic area defined by the Office of National Statistics to contain 1,000 to 1,500 residents and thus to permit consistent national comparisons.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.datadictionary.nhs.uk/data_dictionary/nhs_business_definitions/l/lower_layer_super_output_area_de.asp?shownav=1 | title= Lower Layer Super Output Area | publisher= NHS | access-date= 13 March 2019 | archive-date= 9 August 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200809223605/https://datadictionary.nhs.uk/data_dictionary/nhs_business_definitions/l/lower_layer_super_output_area_de.asp?shownav=1 | url-status= live }}</ref> }} that are in the 10% most deprived in England, but also had twelve 'lower super output areas' in the 10% least deprived in England.<ref name=mkc-iod>{{cite web |url=https://www.milton-keynes.gov.uk/your-council-and-elections/statistics/index-of-deprivation |title=Index of Deprivation |publisher=Milton Keynes Council |date=30 September 2017 |access-date=12 March 2019 |archive-date=17 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117032035/https://www.milton-keynes.gov.uk/your-council-and-elections/statistics/index-of-deprivation |url-status=live }}</ref> This contrast between areas of affluence and areas of deprivation in spite of a thriving local economy, inspired local charity The Community Foundation (in its 2016 "Vital Signs" report) to describe the position as a "[[Tale of Two Cities]]".<ref name=mkcf>{{cite web | url= https://www.mkcommunityfoundation.co.uk/files/4514/7819/4217/LONG_REPORT_Vital_Signs_MK2016.pdf | title= Vital Signs Milton Keynes 2016 | publisher= Milton Keynes Community Foundation | date= 2016 | access-date= 12 March 2019 | archive-date= 21 January 2021 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210121073553/https://www.mkcommunityfoundation.co.uk/files/4514/7819/4217/LONG_REPORT_Vital_Signs_MK2016.pdf | url-status= live }}</ref>

In 2018, the number of homeless young people sleeping rough in tents around CMK attracted national headlines as it became the apex of a national problem of poverty, inadequate mental health care and unaffordable housing.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/milton-keynes-ymca-homelessness-rough-sleeping-poverty-mental-health-housing-a8559956.html | title=From underpass to underclass: How Milton Keynes became the youth homelessness capital of Britain | first=Emily | last=Goddard | date=10 November 2018 | access-date=13 March 2019 | work=The Independent | archive-date=28 November 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128215412/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/milton-keynes-ymca-homelessness-rough-sleeping-poverty-mental-health-housing-a8559956.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://theconversation.com/four-myths-about-homelessness-voices-from-a-tent-city-96943 | title = Four myths about homelessness: voices from a tent city | work = [[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] | first1 = Karen | last1 = Snedker | first2 = Jennifer | last2 = McKinney | date = 5 June 2018 | access-date = 13 March 2019 | archive-date = 19 March 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190319055421/http://theconversation.com/four-myths-about-homelessness-voices-from-a-tent-city-96943 | url-status = live }}</ref> On a visit to refurbishment and extension work on the [[YMCA]] building, Housing Minister [[Heather Wheeler]] declared that "Nobody in this day and age should be sleeping on the street".<ref>{{cite news | url= https://www.mkfm.com/news/local-news/minister-for-housing-says-nobody-in-this-day-and-age-should-be-sleeping-on-the-street/ | title= Minister for Housing says 'Nobody in this day and age should be sleeping on the street' | work= MKFM | date= 7 March 2019 | access-date= 13 March 2019 | archive-date= 25 March 2020 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200325130552/https://www.mkfm.com/news/local-news/minister-for-housing-says-nobody-in-this-day-and-age-should-be-sleeping-on-the-street/ | url-status= live }}</ref>