Editing Latin grammar (section)

===Gender===
Nouns are divided into three '''genders''', known as '''masculine''', '''feminine''', and '''neuter'''. The difference is shown in the pronouns and adjectives that refer to them, for example:
*{{lang|la|'''ipse rēx'''}} "the king himself" (''masculine'')
*{{lang|la|'''ipsa rēgīna'''}} "the queen herself" (''feminine'')
*{{lang|la|'''ipsum bellum'''}} "the war itself" (''neuter'')

To a certain extent, the genders follow the meanings of the words (for example, winds are masculine, tree-names feminine):

*'''Masculine''' nouns include all those referring to males, such as {{lang|la|dominus}} "master", {{lang|la|puer}} "boy", {{lang|la|deus}} "god", but also some inanimate objects such as {{lang|la|hortus}} "garden", {{lang|la|exercitus}} "army", {{lang|la|mōs}} "custom". Words in the 2nd declension ending in ''-us'' or ''-er'' are usually masculine.
*'''Feminine''' nouns include all those referring to females, such as {{lang|la|puella}} "girl", {{lang|la|mulier}} "woman", {{lang|la|dea}} "goddess", but also inanimate or abstract nouns such as {{lang|la|arbor}} "tree", {{lang|la|urbs}} "city", {{lang|la|hūmānitās}} "kindness", {{lang|la|nātiō}} "nation". Words in the 1st declension like {{lang|la|puella}} ending in ''-a'' are usually feminine, with a few exceptions such as {{lang|la|poēta}} "poet". Also feminine are 3rd declension nouns ending in ''-tās'' and ''-tiō''.
*'''Neuter''' nouns (apart from {{lang|la|scortum}} "a prostitute (of either gender)") all refer to things, such as {{lang|la|nōmen}} "name", {{lang|la|corpus}} "body", {{lang|la|bellum}} "war", {{lang|la|venēnum}} "poison".

Neuter nouns differ from masculine and feminine in two ways: (1) the plural nominative and accusative forms end in ''-a'', e.g. {{lang|la|bella}} "wars", {{lang|la|corpora}} "bodies"; (2) the subject (nominative) and object (accusative) cases are identical.