Editing South Park (section)

===Cultural===
Commentary made in episodes has been interpreted as statements Parker and Stone are attempting to make to the viewing public,<ref name="seriously">{{harvnb|Weinstock|Fallows|2008|p=165}}</ref> and these opinions have been subject to much critical analysis in the media and literary world within the framework of popular philosophical, theological, social, and political concepts.<ref name="blame" /><ref name="seriously" /><ref name="blmp">{{cite book|editor-last=Hanley|editor-first=Richard|title=South Park and Philosophy: Bigger, Longer, and More Penetrating|publisher=Open Court|date=March 8, 2007|isbn=978-0-8126-9613-4}}</ref> Since ''South Park'' debuted, college students have written term papers and doctoral theses analyzing the show,<ref name="nytimesstudy" /> while [[Brooklyn College]] offers a course called "''South Park'' and Political Correctness".<ref name="nypostbklyn">{{cite news|url=https://nypost.com/2008/11/30/south-park-no-lark-at-bklyn-college/|date=November 30, 2008|title=South Park No Lark at B'klyn College|work=[[New York Post]]|access-date=February 21, 2022|last=Montefinise|first=Angela|archive-date=February 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221180553/https://nypost.com/2008/11/30/south-park-no-lark-at-bklyn-college/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="npr2">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98183000|title=Students Respect Authori-tay Of 'South Park' Class|date=December 13, 2008|work=NPR|access-date=May 22, 2009|archive-date=April 21, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421004959/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98183000|url-status=live}}</ref>

Soon after one of Kenny's trademark deaths on the show, other characters would typically shout "Oh my God, they killed Kenny!", followed by another yelling out "You bastard(s)!"—these lines were usually said by the characters Stan and Kyle, respectively. The exclamation quickly became a popular catchphrase,<ref name="time" /> while the running gag of Kenny's recurring deaths is one of the more recognized hallmarks among viewers of modern television.<ref name="nypostkenny">{{cite news|first=Don|last=Kaplan|title=South Park Won't Kill Kenny Anymore|work=[[New York Post]]|date=April 8, 2002|url=https://nypost.com/2002/04/08/south-park-wont-kill-kenny-anymore/|access-date=May 5, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022223959/https://nypost.com/2002/04/08/south-park-wont-kill-kenny-anymore/|archive-date=October 22, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Word, Charged Find a Savior|magazine=Wired|date=April 27, 1998|url=https://www.wired.com/1998/04/word-charged-find-a-savior/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629044955/http://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/news/1998/04/11925|archive-date=June 29, 2011|access-date=February 21, 2022}}</ref> Cartman's exclamations of "Respect my authori-tah!" and "Screw you guys ...I'm going home!" became catchphrases as well, and during the show's earlier seasons, were highly popular in the lexicon of viewers.<ref name="perth">{{cite news|author1=Anthony DeCeglie|author2=Sarah Blake|name-list-style=amp|title=TV comedy sends WA students 'Jonah'|work=Perth Now|date=September 14, 2007|url=https://www.perthnow.com.au/news/wa/tv-comedy-sends-wa-students-jonah-ng-2dbd0a7a7260d4520821148927a5b4ce|access-date=February 21, 2022|archive-date=July 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728170417/https://www.perthnow.com.au/news/wa/tv-comedy-sends-wa-students-jonah-ng-2dbd0a7a7260d4520821148927a5b4ce|url-status=live}}</ref> Cartman's eccentric intonation of "Hey!" was included in the 2002 edition of ''The Oxford Dictionary of Catchphrases''.<ref name="oxford">{{cite news|first=David|last=Dale|title=The Oxford Dictionary of Catchphrases|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=December 28, 2002|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/books/the-oxford-dictionary-of-catchphrases-20021228-gdg107.html|access-date=February 21, 2022|archive-date=February 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221180551/https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/books/the-oxford-dictionary-of-catchphrases-20021228-gdg107.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the [[South Park (season 2)|season two]] episode "[[Chef Aid]]", attorney [[Johnnie Cochran]] uses what's called in the show the [[Chewbacca defense]], which is a legal strategy that involves addressing plot holes related to [[Chewbacca]] in the film ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'' rather than discussing the trial at hand during a closing argument in a deliberate attempt to confuse jurors into thinking there is [[reasonable doubt]]. The term "Chewbacca defense" has been documented as being used by criminologists, forensic scientists, and political commentators in their various discussions of similar methods used in legal cases and public forums.<ref>{{cite web |date=February 24, 2005|url=http://www.scilawforensics.com/presentations/wookie.pdf|title=Poking the Wookie: the Chewbacca Defense in Digital Evidence Cases|first1=Anjali R. |last1=Swienton |first2=Erin |last2=Kenneally|publisher=SciLaw Forensics, Ltd.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008211721/http://www.scilawforensics.com/presentations/wookie.pdf |archive-date=October 8, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/d-is-for-diabolical_b_39491|title=D is for Diabolical|first=Ellis|last=Weiner|work=HuffPost|date=January 24, 2007|access-date=February 21, 2022|archive-date=July 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728170418/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/d-is-for-diabolical_b_39491|url-status=live}}</ref>

Another season two episode, "[[Gnomes (South Park)|Gnomes]]", revolves around a group of "underpants [[gnome]]s" who, as their name suggests, run a corporation stealing people's underpants. When asked about their business model, various gnomes reply that theirs is a three-step process: Phase 1 is "collect underpants". Phase 3 is "profit". However, the gnomes are unable to explain what is to occur between the first and final steps, and "Phase 2" is accompanied by a large question mark on their corporate flow chart. Using "????" and "PROFIT!" as the last two steps in a process (usually jokingly) became a widely popular [[Internet meme]] because of this.<ref>{{cite web |last1=VanHooker |first1=Brian |title=The 25 Greatest ''South Park'' Memes |url=https://www.cracked.com/article_40502_the-25-greatest-south-park-memes.html |website=[[Cracked.com|Cracked]] |access-date=November 7, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620041107/https://www.cracked.com/article_40502_the-25-greatest-south-park-memes.html |archive-date=June 20, 2024 |date=December 14, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=O'Donnell |first1=Dan |title=Matt Gaetz, Underpants Gnome. The Art Of Performative Conservatism |url=https://www.maciverinstitute.com/perspectives/matt-gaetz-underpants-gnome-the-art-of-performative-conservatism |website=[[MacIver Institute]] |access-date=November 7, 2024 |date=October 4, 2023 |archive-date=January 23, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123202940/https://www.maciverinstitute.com/perspectives/matt-gaetz-underpants-gnome-the-art-of-performative-conservatism |url-status=live }}</ref> Especially in the context of politics and economics, "underpants gnomes" has been used by some commentators to characterize a conspicuous gap of logic or planning.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124329131991652291|title=Obama and the 'South Park' Gnomes|author=Bret Stephens|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=June 1, 2009|date=May 26, 2009|archive-date=October 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007223350/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124329131991652291|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://webnotes.net/?uGIOp6|title=Small Government Egalitarianism|author=Matt Yglesias|website=Think Progress|access-date=June 1, 2009|archive-date=June 15, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615165307/http://webnotes.net/?uGIOp6|url-status=dead}}</ref>

When Sophie Rutschmann of the [[University of Strasbourg]] discovered a mutated gene that causes an adult [[Drosophila melanogaster|fruit fly]] to die within two days after it is infected with certain bacteria, she named the gene ''kep1'' in honor of Kenny.<ref name="fruitfly">{{cite news|first=Thomas H.|last=Maugh II|title=Playing the Name Game|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=August 5, 2002|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-aug-05-sci-genes5-story.html|access-date=February 21, 2022|archive-date=February 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221180551/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-aug-05-sci-genes5-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flynome.com/cgi-bin/search?storyID=93 |title=FlyNome |access-date=November 29, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070813002037/http://www.flynome.com/cgi-bin/search?storyID=93 |archive-date=August 13, 2007 }}</ref><ref name="PNAS">{{cite journal
|title             = kep1 interacts genetically with dredd/Caspase-8, and kep1 mutants alter the balance of dredd isoforms
|journal           = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
|date              = February 18, 2003
|author1=Marco Di Fruscio |author2=Sylvia Styhler |author3=Eva Wikholm |volume            = 100
|issue             = 4
|pages             = 1814–1819
|doi               = 10.1073/pnas.0236048100
|pmid              =12563030
|pmc               = 149916
|bibcode = 2003PNAS..100.1814D
|display-authors=etal|doi-access = free
 |issn = 0027-8424 }}</ref> Similarly, when a mutated ortholog of [[KIAA1109]] was also found for said species that inhibited their ability to stand upright, walk, and caused seizures, indicative of severe neurological defects, a different set of researchers named it ''Tweek'' in honor of Tweek.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Verstreken |first1=Patrik |last2=Ohyama |first2=Tomoko |last3=Haueter |first3=Claire |last4=Habets |first4=Ron L.P. |last5=Lin |first5=Yong Q. |last6=Swan |first6=Laura E. |last7=Ly |first7=Cindy V. |last8=Venken |first8=Koen J. T. |last9=De Camilli |first9=Pietro |last10=Bellen |first10=Hugo J. |date=2009-07-30 |title=Tweek, an evolutionary conserved proteinis required for synaptic vesicle recycling |journal=Neuron |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=203–215 |doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2009.06.017 |issn=0896-6273 |pmc=2759194 |pmid=19640479}}</ref>