Editing Pineapple (section)

== Uses ==
=== Culinary ===
The flesh and juice of the pineapple are used in cuisines around the world. In many tropical countries, pineapple is prepared and sold on roadsides as a snack. It is sold whole or in halves with a stick inserted. Whole, cored slices with a [[cherry]] in the middle are a common garnish on hams in the West. Chunks of pineapple are used in desserts such as fruit salad, as well as in some savory dishes, including the [[Hawaiian pizza]], or as a grilled ring on a [[hamburger]]. Traditional dishes that use pineapple include {{lang|tl|[[hamonado]]}}, {{lang|tl<!--educated guess-->|[[afritada]]}}, {{lang|th|[[kaeng som|kaeng som pla]]}}, and [[Hawaiian haystack]]. Crushed pineapple is used in yogurt, jam, sweets, and ice cream. The juice of the pineapple is served as a beverage, and it is also the main ingredient in [[cocktail]]s such as the {{lang|es|[[piña colada]]}} and in the drink {{lang|es<!--Derived from Nahuatl but doesn't seem to be a Nahuatl word itself-->|[[tepache]]}}.

In the [[Philippines]], a traditional jelly-like dessert called {{lang|es|[[nata de piña]]}} has also been produced since the 18th century. It is made by fermenting pineapple juice with the bacteria ''[[Komagataeibacter xylinus]]''.<ref name="Vergara">{{cite book |last1=Vergara |first1=Benito S. |last2=Idowu |first2=Panna Melizah H. |last3=Sumangil |first3=Julia H. |title=Nata de Coco: A Filipino Delicacy |date=1999 |publisher=National Academy of Sciences and Technology, Philippines |isbn=9718538615 |url=http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/Downloads/nast_Vergara%20BS%20Nata%20De%20Coco_422.pdf |access-date=28 October 2019 |archive-date=28 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628000120/http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/Downloads/nast_Vergara%20BS%20Nata%20De%20Coco_422.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Pineapple vinegar is an ingredient found in both [[Cuisine of Honduras|Honduran]] and [[Filipino cuisine]], where it is produced locally.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Clutton |first1=Angela |title=The Vinegar Cupboard: Recipes and history of an everyday ingredient |date=7 March 2019 |publisher=Bloomsbury |page=57 |isbn=9781472958105 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-h-FDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA57 |access-date=3 February 2020}}</ref> In [[Mexican cuisine|Mexico]], it is usually made with peels from the whole fruit, rather than the juice; however, in [[Taiwanese cuisine]], it is often produced by blending pineapple juice with grain vinegar.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chang |first1=R. C. |title=Vinegars of the World |date=29 August 2009 |page=228 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9788847008663 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XuPWgEMx_eIC&pg=PA228 |access-date=3 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Kennedy |first1=Diana |title=The Essential Cuisines of Mexico: A Cookbook |page=496}}</ref>

The [[European Union]] consumed 50% of the global total for pineapple juice in 2012–2016. The [[Netherlands]] was the largest importer of pineapple juice in [[Europe]]. [[Thailand]], [[Costa Rica]] and the [[Netherlands]] are the major suppliers to the European Union market in 2012–2016.<ref>[https://www.cbi.eu/market-information/processed-fruit-vegetables/pineapple-juice "Exporting pineapple juice to Europe"]. CBI Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 22 May 2019.</ref> Countries consuming the most pineapple juice in 2017 were [[Thailand]], [[Indonesia]] and the [[Philippines]], having combined consumption of 47% of the world total. The consumption of pineapple juice in [[China]] and [[India]] is low compared to their populations.<ref>[https://www.agriorbit.com/population-growth-drives-gradual-expansion-of-pineapple-juice-market/ "Population growth drives gradual expansion of pineapple juice market"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527075558/https://www.agriorbit.com/population-growth-drives-gradual-expansion-of-pineapple-juice-market/ |date=27 May 2020 }} AgriOrbit. Retrieved 22 May 2019.</ref>

=== Textiles ===
{{Main|Piña}}
The 'Red Spanish' cultivar of pineapples were once extensively cultivated in the [[Philippines]]. The long leaves of the cultivar were the source of traditional {{lang|es|[[piña]]}} fibers, an adaptation of the native weaving traditions with fibers extracted from {{lang|es|[[abacá]]}}. These were woven into lustrous lace-like {{lang|tl|[[nipis]]}} fabrics usually decorated with intricate floral embroidery known as {{lang|es|calado}} and {{lang|es|sombrado}}. The fabric was a luxury export from the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period and gained favor among European aristocracy in the 18th and 19th centuries. Domestically, they were used to make the traditional {{lang|tl|[[barong tagalog]]}}, {{lang|tl|[[baro't saya]]}}, and {{lang|es|[[traje de mestiza]]}} clothing of the Filipino upper class, as well as women's [[kerchief]]s ({{lang|es|pañuelo}}). They were favored for their light and breezy quality, which was ideal in the hot tropical climate of the islands. The industry was destroyed in the [[Second World War]] and is only starting to be revived.<ref name="pfmf" /><ref name="go" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Piña cloth|publisher=Free Online Dictionary|date=2023|accessdate= 6 November 2014|url= http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pi%C3%B1a+cloth}}</ref>

{{gallery|mode=packed
|Tampuhan by Juan Luna.jpg|1895 painting of a Filipina in traditional {{lang|es|[[traje de mestiza]]}} dress
|Barong Up Close.jpg|{{lang|es|Calado}} embroidery on a {{lang|tl|[[barong tagalog]]}}
|Handkerchief (Philippines), 19th century (CH 18386747).jpg|19th-century [[handkerchief]]
|Frock coat MET 63.25 front CP4.jpg|Frock coat, 1840–1849, Philippines
}}

=== Houseplant ===
The variety ''A. comosus'' 'Variegatus' is occasionally grown as a houseplant. It needs direct sunlight and thrives at temperatures of {{convert|18 to 24|C||sp=us}}, with a minimum winter temperature of {{convert|16|C||sp=us}}. It should be kept humid, but the soil should be allowed to dry out between waterings. It has almost no resting period but should be repotted each spring until the container reaches {{convert|20|cm|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chiusoli |first1=Alessandro |last2=Boriani |first2=Luisa Maria |title=Simon & Schuster's guide to houseplants |date=1986 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |location=New York |isbn=0671631314 |chapter=Ananas comosus 'Variegatus'}}</ref>