Editing Santiago de Compostela (section)

==City==
{{see also|Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela}}
According to a medieval legend, the remains of the apostle [[James, son of Zebedee]] were brought to Galicia for burial, where they were lost. Eight hundred years later the light of a bright star guided a shepherd, [[Pelagius the Hermit]], who was watching his flock at night to the burial site in Santiago de Compostela.<ref name="stokstad">{{cite book |last1=Stokstad |first1=Marilyn |title=Santiago de Compostela in the age of the great pilgrimages |date=1978 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |pages=6−8 |location=Norman |isbn=978-0806114545}}</ref> This site was originally called Mount {{Interlanguage link|Libredon|gl|Libredón}} and its physical topography leads prevalent seaborne winds to clear the cloud deck immediately overhead.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fundacionxacobea.com/the-route/|title=THE WAY &#124; Fundación Arousa. Foundation Arousa. Año Santo Compostelano. Año Jacobeo. Xacobeo 2021. The Route of the sea of Arousa and river Ulla}}</ref> The shepherd quickly reported his discovery to the bishop of Iria, [[Theodemir of Iria|Theodemir]].<ref name="stokstad"/> The bishop declared that the remains were those of the apostle James and immediately notified King Alfonso II in [[Oviedo]].<ref name="stokstad"/> To honour St. James, the cathedral was built on the spot where his remains were said to have been found. The [[legend]], which included numerous miraculous events, enabled the Catholic faithful to bolster support for their stronghold in northern Spain during the Christian crusades against the Moors, but also led to the growth and development of the city.<ref name="stokstad"/>

Along the western side of the ''Praza do Obradoiro'' is the elegant 18th-century Pazo de Raxoi, now the city hall. Across the square is the Pazo de Raxoi (Raxoi's Palace), the town hall, and on the right from the cathedral steps is the [[Hostal dos Reis Católicos]], founded in 1492 by the [[Catholic Monarchs]], [[Isabella of Castille]] and [[Ferdinand II of Aragon]], as a pilgrims' hospice (now a [[Paradores|Parador]]). The Obradoiro façade of the cathedral, the best known, is depicted on the [[Spanish euro coins]] of 1 cent, 2 cents, and 5 cents (€0.01, €0.02, and €0.05).

Santiago is the site of the [[University of Santiago de Compostela]], established in the early 16th century. The main campus can be seen best from an alcove in the large municipal park in the centre of the city.

Within the old town there are many narrow winding streets full of historic buildings. The new town all around it has less character though some of the older parts of the new town have some big flats in them.

Santiago de Compostela has a substantial nightlife. Both in the new town ({{lang|gl|a zona nova}} in [[Galician language|Galician]], {{lang|es|la zona nueva}} in Spanish or {{lang|es|ensanche}}) and the old town ({{langx|gl|a zona vella}}, {{langx|es|la zona vieja}}, trade-branded as ''zona monumental''), a mix of middle-aged residents and younger students maintain a lively presence until the early hours of the morning. Radiating from the centre of the city, the historic cathedral is surrounded by paved granite streets, tucked away in the old town, and separated from the newer part of the city by the largest of many parks throughout the city, {{lang|gl|Parque da Alameda}}.

Santiago gives its name to one of the four military orders of Spain: [[Order of Santiago|Santiago]], [[Order of Calatrava|Calatrava]], [[Order of Alcantara|Alcántara]] and [[Order of Montesa|Montesa]].

One of the most important economic centres in Galicia, Santiago is the seat for organisations like [[Association for Equal and Fair Trade Pangaea]].

===Climate===
Under the [[Köppen climate classification]], Santiago de Compostela has a temperate [[oceanic climate]] (''Cfb'') with mild to warm and somewhat dry summers and mild, wet winters. The prevailing winds from the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] and the surrounding mountains combine to give Santiago some of Spain's highest rainfall: about {{convert|1800|mm|in|1}} annually. The winters are mild, despite being far inland and at an altitude of {{convert|370|m|ft}} frosts are only common in December, January and February, with an average of just 13 days per year. Snow is uncommon, with 2-3 snowy days per year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=1428&k=undefined|title = Santiago de Compostela Aeropuerto: Santiago de Compostela Aeropuerto - State Meteorological Agency - AEMET - Spanish Government}}</ref> Temperatures above {{convert|35|C|F}} are very exceptional.{{Weather box
| location = Santiago de Compostela (1991–2020) (Provisional Normals)
| width = auto
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 20.3
| Feb record high C = 23.2
| Mar record high C = 27.6
| Apr record high C = 30.2
| May record high C = 34.0
| Jun record high C = 37.8
| Jul record high C = 39.4
| Aug record high C = 39.0
| Sep record high C = 39.0
| Oct record high C = 30.4
| Nov record high C = 24.2
| Dec record high C = 23.4
| year record high C = 
| Jan high C = 12.3
| Feb high C = 13.4
| Mar high C = 16.0
| Apr high C = 17.3
| May high C = 19.8
| Jun high C = 22.8
| Jul high C = 24.8
| Aug high C = 25.0
| Sep high C = 23.2
| Oct high C = 19.6
| Nov high C = 14.8
| Dec high C = 12.9
| year high C = 
| Jan mean C = 8.9
| Feb mean C = 9.5
| Mar mean C = 11.3
| Apr mean C = 12.5
| May mean C = 15.0
| Jun mean C = 17.8
| Jul mean C = 19.6
| Aug mean C = 19.9
| Sep mean C = 18.2
| Oct mean C = 15.3
| Nov mean C = 11.2
| Dec mean C = 9.4
| year mean C = 
| Jan low C = 5.4
| Feb low C = 5.6
| Mar low C = 6.5
| Apr low C = 7.7
| May low C = 10.1
| Jun low C = 12.6
| Jul low C = 14.4
| Aug low C = 14.6
| Sep low C = 13.1
| Oct low C = 10.9
| Nov low C = 7.5
| Dec low C = 5.9
| year low C = 
| Jan record low C = -7.0
| Feb record low C = -9.0
| Mar record low C = -5.6
| Apr record low C = -3.0
| May record low C = -2.0
| Jun record low C = 3.4
| Jul record low C = 3.4
| Aug record low C = 1.0
| Sep record low C = 3.0
| Oct record low C = -1.6
| Nov record low C = -3.2
| Dec record low C = -6.5
| year record low C = 
| Jan rain mm = 195.8
| Feb rain mm = 151.0
| Mar rain mm = 139.9
| Apr rain mm = 130.0
| May rain mm = 109.2
| Jun rain mm = 44.3
| Jul rain mm = 30.6
| Aug rain mm = 45.2
| Sep rain mm = 88.6
| Oct rain mm = 214.0
| Nov rain mm = 193.6
| Dec rain mm = 184.4
| year rain mm = 
| rain colour = green
| source 1 = [[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]<ref>{{cite web
| url= https://www.aemet.es/es/datos_abiertos/AEMET_OpenData|title=AEMET OpenData|publisher=Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia|access-date=2024-05-14}}</ref><ref name="aemet.es">{{cite web
| url= http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=gal&l=1428&datos=det&x=1428&m=13&v=todos
| title = Extreme values. Santiago de Compostela Aeropuerto}}</ref>
| date = July 2021
| source = 
}}{{Weather box
| location = [[Santiago de Compostela Airport]] (1981–2010) altitude {{convert|370|m|ft}} [[Metres above sea level|m.a.s.l.]] Extremes 1944−2021
| width = 100%
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 20.3
| Feb record high C = 23.2
| Mar record high C = 27.6
| Apr record high C = 30.2
| May record high C = 34.0
| Jun record high C = 37.8
| Jul record high C = 39.4
| Aug record high C = 39.0
| Sep record high C = 39.0
| Oct record high C = 30.4
| Nov record high C = 24.2
| Dec record high C = 23.4
| year record high C = 39.4
| Jan high C = 11.2
| Feb high C = 12.5
| Mar high C = 15.0
| Apr high C = 16.1
| May high C = 18.6
| Jun high C = 22.2
| Jul high C = 24.3
| Aug high C = 24.7
| Sep high C = 22.8
| Oct high C = 18.1
| Nov high C = 14.1
| Dec high C = 11.9
| year high C = 17.6
| Jan mean C = 7.7
| Feb mean C = 8.3
| Mar mean C = 10.2
| Apr mean C = 11.2
| May mean C = 13.6
| Jun mean C = 16.8
| Jul mean C = 18.6
| Aug mean C = 19.0
| Sep mean C = 17.4
| Oct mean C = 13.8
| Nov mean C = 10.4
| Dec mean C = 8.5
| year mean C = 13.0
| Jan low C = 4.1
| Feb low C = 4.1
| Mar low C = 5.4
| Apr low C = 6.2
| May low C = 8.5
| Jun low C = 11.3
| Jul low C = 13.0
| Aug low C = 13.3
| Sep low C = 11.9
| Oct low C = 9.5
| Nov low C = 6.7
| Dec low C = 5.0
| year low C = 8.3
| Jan record low C = -7.0
| Feb record low C = -9.0
| Mar record low C = -5.6
| Apr record low C = -3.0
| May record low C = -2.0
| Jun record low C = 3.4
| Jul record low C = 3.4
| Aug record low C = 1.0
| Sep record low C = 3.0
| Oct record low C = -1.6
| Nov record low C = -3.2
| Dec record low C = -6.5
| year record low C = -9.0
| Jan rain mm = 210
| Feb rain mm = 167
| Mar rain mm = 146
| Apr rain mm = 146
| May rain mm = 135
| Jun rain mm = 72
| Jul rain mm = 43
| Aug rain mm = 57
| Sep rain mm = 107
| Oct rain mm = 226
| Nov rain mm = 217
| Dec rain mm = 261
| year rain mm = 1787
| rain colour = green
| Jan precipitation days = 15.2
| Feb precipitation days = 12.6
| Mar precipitation days = 12.8
| Apr precipitation days = 14.4
| May precipitation days = 12.7
| Jun precipitation days = 7.6
| Jul precipitation days = 5.7
| Aug precipitation days = 5.5
| Sep precipitation days = 8.4
| Oct precipitation days = 14.0
| Nov precipitation days = 14.9
| Dec precipitation days = 15.9
| year precipitation days = 139.5
| unit precipitation days = 1&nbsp;mm
| Jan snow days = 1.0
| Feb snow days = 0.7
| Mar snow days = 0.2
| Apr snow days = 0.3
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0
| Nov snow days = 0.1
| Dec snow days = 0.3
| year snow days = 2.7
| Jan sun = 93
| Feb sun = 114
| Mar sun = 151
| Apr sun = 165
| May sun = 187
| Jun sun = 225
| Jul sun = 243
| Aug sun = 237
| Sep sun = 184
| Oct sun = 132
| Nov sun = 95
| Dec sun = 85
| year sun = 1911
| Jan humidity = 84
| Feb humidity = 79
| Mar humidity = 75
| Apr humidity = 76
| May humidity = 76
| Jun humidity = 74
| Jul humidity = 74
| Aug humidity = 74
| Sep humidity = 75
| Oct humidity = 82
| Nov humidity = 86
| Dec humidity = 85
| year humidity = 78
| source 1 = [[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]<ref>{{cite web
| url= http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=1428&k=undefined
| title = Standard climate values. Santiago de Compostela Aeropuerto}}</ref><ref name="aemet.es">{{cite web
| url= http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&k=gal&l=1428&datos=det&x=1428&m=13&v=todos
| title = Extreme values. Santiago de Compostela Aeropuerto}}</ref>
| date = July 2021
| source = 
}}

{{wide image|Nevada en Compostela (Panoramica).jpg|1200px|Compostela under the snow}}

{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
| WHS         = [[Old Town of Santiago de Compostela|Santiago de Compostela (Old Town)]]
| Image       = Santiago cathedral 2021.jpg
| Caption     = The Obradoiro façade of the grand Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
| Criteria    = Cultural: i, ii, vi
| ID          = 347
| Year        = 1985
| Area        = 107.59 ha
| Buffer_zone = 216.88 ha 
}}