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== History == [[File:TsingHuaYuan Board.jpg|thumb|The inscription at the entrance of [[Tsinghua Garden]]. The garden is among the oldest components of the campus of Tsinghua University]] [[File:Tsinghua Garden1.jpg|thumb|A glimpse of [[Xichun Garden]], a [[Qing dynasty]] garden on Tsinghua University campus]] [[File:Tsinghua Old Main Building.jpg|thumb|Built in 1917, the Grand Auditorium with its [[Jeffersonian architecture|Jeffersonian architectural]] design is a centerpiece of the old campus]] {{Main|History of Tsinghua University}} {{Further|Boxer Indemnity Scholarship Program}} === Early 20th century (1911–1949) === Tsinghua University was established in Beijing during a tumultuous period of national upheaval and conflicts with foreign powers which culminated in the [[Boxer Rebellion]], an uprising against foreign influence in China. After the suppression of the revolt by [[Eight-Nation Alliance|a foreign alliance]] including the United States, the ruling Qing dynasty was required to pay indemnities to alliance members. United States Secretary of State [[John Hay]] suggested that the US$30 million Boxer indemnity allotted to the United States was excessive. After much negotiation with Qing ambassador [[Liang Cheng]], president of the United States [[Theodore Roosevelt]] obtained approval from the United States Congress in 1909 to reduce the indemnity payment by US$10.8 million, on the condition that the funds would be used as scholarships for Chinese students to study in the United States.<ref name="学校沿革-清华大学">{{Cite web|title=学校沿革-清华大学|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/xxgk/xxyg.htm|access-date=6 April 2023|website=Tsinghua University|archive-date=6 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406160834/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/xxgk/xxyg.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=History|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/About/History.htm|access-date=6 April 2023|website=Tsinghua University|archive-date=7 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207102209/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/About/History.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Using this fund, the '''Tsinghua College''' ({{lang-zh|labels=no |t=清華學堂 |p=Qīnghuá Xuétáng}}) was established in Beijing, on 29 April 1911 on the site of a [[Tsinghua Garden|former royal garden]] to serve as a preparatory school for students the government planned to send to the United States.<ref>{{Cite book|title=University autonomy, the state, and social change in China|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kTr9AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA68|last=Su-Yan Pan|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2009|isbn=978-962-209-936-4|page=68}}</ref> Faculty members for sciences were recruited by the [[YMCA]] from the United States, and its graduates transferred directly to American schools as [[Junior (education year)|juniors]] upon graduation.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} The motto of Tsinghua, "Self-Discipline and Social Commitment", was derived from a 1914 speech by prominent scholar and faculty member [[Liang Qichao]], in which he quoted the [[I Ching]] to describe a notion of the ideal gentleman.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/newthuen/9350/2015/20150128170309534478371/20150128170309534478371_.html|title=Tsinghua Motto: Carved on every Tsinghua People|website=Tsinghua University|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161109021501/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/newthuen/9350/2015/20150128170309534478371/20150128170309534478371_.html|archive-date=9 November 2016|access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref> In 1925, the school established its own four-year undergraduate program and started a research institute on Chinese studies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ziwzx.com/htm/zwzl/wxs/2014/0417/1810.html|last=王小石|date=24 December 2014|website=紫网在线|publisher=西征网|language=zh|script-title=zh:美国退还庚子赔款的真相|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305002859/http://www.ziwzx.com/htm/zwzl/wxs/2014/0417/1810.html|archive-date=5 March 2016|access-date=14 November 2010}}</ref><ref name="清华风物志:清华园">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PmiOHknGA6kC&pg=PA20|last=黄延复|date=2005|publisher=Tsinghua University Press|isbn=978-730-21155-4-0|location=Beijing|pages=20–23|language=zh|script-title=zh:清华园风物志|access-date=21 November 2016|archive-date=30 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730021204/https://books.google.com/books?id=PmiOHknGA6kC&pg=PA20|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="校史:北京清华时期">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nthu.edu.tw/intro/aboutnthu4-1.php|last=国立清华大学|publisher=国立清华大学官网|language=zh-tw|script-title=zh:校史:北京清华时期|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410200920/http://www.nthu.edu.tw/intro/aboutnthu4-1.php|archive-date=10 April 2016|access-date=5 November 2010}}</ref><ref name="校史概略">{{Cite journal|date=1934|script-title=zh:校史概略|journal=清华周刊|language=zh-hk|issue=13–14|pages=1–3}}</ref><ref name="google3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L-hMBAAAQBAJ&q=1925%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%88%EF%BC%8C%E6%B8%85%E8%8F%AF%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E9%83%A8%E6%88%90%E7%AB%8B%E3%80%82&pg=PT5|last=吴清军|date=18 August 2014|publisher=南文博雅|pages=3–4|script-title=zh:清华传奇|access-date=22 November 2020|archive-date=30 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730021202/https://books.google.com/books?id=L-hMBAAAQBAJ&q=1925%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%88%EF%BC%8C%E6%B8%85%E8%8F%AF%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E9%83%A8%E6%88%90%E7%AB%8B%E3%80%82&pg=PT5|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1928, the school changed its name to National Tsinghua University.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/About/History.htm|access-date=1 December 2020|website=Tsinghua University|archive-date=7 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207102209/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/About/History.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> During the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], many Chinese universities were forced to evacuate their campuses to avoid the Japanese invasion. In 1937, Tsinghua University, [[Peking University]] and [[Nankai University]] merged to form the Changsha Temporary University, located in [[Changsha]], [[Hunan]]. The merged university later became the [[National Southwestern Associated University]], located in [[Kunming]], Yunnan. The Tsinghua University section of the merged university returned to Beijing at the end of World War II.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/news/10008/2015/20150901153543912658760/20150901153543912658760_.html|last=《新清华》编辑部|website=清华新闻网|publisher=清华大学党委宣传部 [Tsinghua University CCP Committee Department of Propaganda]|language=zh|script-title=zh:图说清华抗战那些事儿(二)辗转西南,离乱弦歌不辍|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119144539/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/news/10008/2015/20150901153543912658760/20150901153543912658760_.html|archive-date=19 November 2016|access-date=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="清华大学志:西南联大大事记">{{Cite book|last=方惠坚,张思敬|date=2001|publisher=Tsinghua University Press|isbn=7-302-04319-1|location=Beijing|pages=677–698|language=zh|script-title=zh:清华大学志(下册)[M]}}</ref><ref name="校史:西南联大时期">{{Cite web|url=http://archives.lib.nthu.edu.tw/history/history03.html|last=國立清華大學圖書館|website=國立清華大學數位校史館|publisher=国立清华大学|language=zh-tw|script-title=zh:校史:西南联大时期|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914085251/http://archives.lib.nthu.edu.tw/history/history03.html|archive-date=14 September 2016|access-date=5 November 2010}}</ref><ref name="bbb">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/news/4216/2011/20110225232152687658240/20110225232152687658240_.html|last=金富军|date=7 March 2009|website=清華大學新聞網|publisher=清华大学校史研究室 [Tsinghua University Office of university research]|language=zh|script-title=zh:复员之后的国立清华大学|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017020522/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/news/4216/2011/20110225232152687658240/20110225232152687658240_.html|archive-date=17 October 2013|access-date=5 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=梅贻琦|date=1994|script-title=zh:复原后之清华|journal=清华大学史料选编|location=Beijing|publisher=Tsinghua University Press|volume=4|pages=33}}</ref> === Later 20th century (post-1949) === After the end of the [[Chinese Civil War]] in 1949, China experienced a [[Chinese Communist Revolution|communist revolution]] leading to the creation of the People's Republic of China. Tsinghua University's then president [[Mei Yi-chi|Mei Yiqi]], along with many professors, fled to Taiwan with the retreating [[Nationalist government]]. They established the National Tsing Hua Institute of Nuclear Technology in 1955, which later became the [[National Tsing Hua University]] in Taiwan, an institution independent and distinct from Tsinghua University.<ref name="迎接中华人民共和国诞生">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/news/4216/2011/20110225232154078932151/20110225232154078932151_.html|last=金富军|date=7 March 2009|publisher=清华大学校史研究室 [Tsinghua University Office of university research]|language=zh|script-title=zh:清华校史连载之十一:迎接中华人民共和国诞生|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017015616/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/news/4216/2011/20110225232154078932151/20110225232154078932151_.html|archive-date=17 October 2013|access-date=1 October 2010}}</ref><ref name="校史:新竹清华时期">{{Cite web|url=http://archives.lib.nthu.edu.tw/history/history04.html|website=國立清華大學數位校史館|publisher=国立清华大学|language=zh|script-title=zh:国立清华大学校史:新竹清华时期|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914090715/http://archives.lib.nthu.edu.tw/history/history04.html|archive-date=14 September 2016|access-date=5 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=方惠坚,张思敬|date=2001|publisher=Tsinghua University Press|isbn=7-302-04319-1|location=Beijing|pages=698–701|language=zh|script-title=zh:清华大学志(下册)[M]}}</ref> In 1952, the [[Chinese Communist Party]] [[1952 reorganisation of Chinese higher education|regrouped the country's higher education institutions]] in an attempt to build a Soviet style system where each institution specialized in a certain field of study, such as social sciences or natural sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thunews/9668/2011/20110225232154625362272/20110225232154625362272_.html|last=史 轩|date=29 October 2008|website=清华新闻网|publisher=清华大学校史研究室 [Tsinghua University Office of university research]|script-title=zh:清华校史连载之十二:面向工业化建设的院系调整|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913155431/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thunews/9668/2011/20110225232154625362272/20110225232154625362272_.html|archive-date=13 September 2016|access-date=13 September 2016}}</ref> Tsinghua University was streamlined into a polytechnic institute with a focus on engineering and the natural sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thu2018en/newthuen_cnt/01-about-1.html|title=Tsinghua University|website=Tsinghua University|access-date=29 June 2018|archive-date=8 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808200203/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thu2018en/newthuen_cnt/01-about-1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1953, Tsinghua established a political counselor program, becoming the first university to do so following the [[Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Education]]'s 1952 directive to begin piloting such programs.<ref name=":032">{{Cite book|last=Doyon|first=Jérôme|title=Rejuvenating Communism: Youth Organizations and Elite Renewal in Post-Mao China|publisher=[[University of Michigan Press]]|year=2023|isbn=978-0-472-90294-1|doi=10.3998/mpub.12291596|doi-access=free}}</ref>{{Rp|page=107}} As political counselors, new graduates who were also Communist Party members worked as political counselors in managing the student body and student organizations, often simultaneously serving as [[Communist Youth League of China|Communist Youth League]] secretaries.<ref name=":032" />{{Rp|page=107}} The program was later expanded to other universities following its endorsement by Deng Xiaoping and became further institutionalized across China in the 1990s and 2000s.<ref name=":032" />{{Rp|page=108}} During the [[Third Front (China)|Third Front]] construction, Tsinghua established a branch in [[Mianyang]], [[Sichuan|Sichuan province]].<ref name=":9">{{Cite book|last1=Marquis|first1=Christopher|title=Mao and Markets: The Communist Roots of Chinese Enterprise|last2=Qiao|first2=Kunyuan|date=2022|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|isbn=978-0-300-26883-6|location=New Haven|pages=179|doi=10.2307/j.ctv3006z6k|jstor=j.ctv3006z6k|oclc=1348572572|author-link=Christopher Marquis|s2cid=253067190}}</ref> In 1966, the efforts of Tsinghua researchers were critical in China's transition from [[vacuum-tube computer]]s to fully [[Transistor computer|transistorized computers]].<ref name=":Mullaney2">{{Cite book|last=Mullaney|first=Thomas S.|title=The Chinese Computer: a Global History of the Information Age|date=2024|publisher=[[The MIT Press]]|isbn=9780262047517|location=Cambridge, MA}}</ref>{{Rp|page=101}} From 1966 to 1976, China experienced immense sociopolitical upheaval and instability during the [[Cultural Revolution]]. Many university students walked out of classrooms at Tsinghua and other institutions, and some went on to join the [[Red Guards (China)|Red Guards]], resulting in the complete shutdown of the university as faculty were persecuted or otherwise unable to teach.<ref name="红卫兵浮沉录">{{Cite journal|last=霞飞|date=22 November 2012|script-title=zh:红卫兵"五大领袖"浮沉录之二:蒯大富|url=http://www.jianzi103.com/flash/yinle/2012-11-18/3485.html|journal=党史博采纪实|issn=1006-8031|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918091829/http://www.jianzi103.com/flash/yinle/2012-11-18/3485.html|archive-date=18 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vt7BDAEACAAJ&q=%E5%8F%B2%E6%97%A0%E5%89%8D%E4%BE%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3|last=纪希晨|publisher=人民日报出版社|year=2001|isbn=7-80153-370-4|location=Beijing|pages=66|language=zh|script-title=zh:史无前例的年代: 一位人民日报老记者的笔记|access-date=22 November 2016|archive-date=8 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808200159/https://books.google.com/books?id=vt7BDAEACAAJ&q=%E5%8F%B2%E6%97%A0%E5%89%8D%E4%BE%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3|url-status=live}}</ref> It was not until 1978, after the Cultural Revolution ended, that the university began to take in students and re-emerge as a force in Chinese politics and society.<ref>{{Cite book|last=方惠坚,张思敬|publisher=Tsinghua University Press|year=2001|isbn=7-302-04319-1|location=Beijing|pages=781–785|language=zh|script-title=zh:清华大学志(下册)(M)}}</ref> During the [[Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius]] campaign of 1973 to 1976, critique groups formed at Tsinghua and [[Peking University]] disseminated commentaries under the pseudonym of "Liang Xiao".<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last1=Xu|first1=Youwei|title=Everyday Lives in China's Cold War Military Industrial Complex: Voices from the Shanghai Small Third Front, 1964–1988|last2=Wang|first2=Y. Yvon|publisher=[[Palgrave MacMillan]]|year=2022|isbn=9783030996871|pages=238}}</ref> The pseudonym sounds like a person's name but is a [[homophone]] for "two schools".<ref name=":22" /> In the 1980s, Tsinghua evolved beyond the polytechnic model and incorporated a [[multidisciplinary]] system emphasizing collaboration between distinct schools within the broader university environment.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://xuewen.cnki.net/CCND-XQHB201103110020.html|last=王大中|work=北京清华大学|access-date=5 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914092707/http://xuewen.cnki.net/CCND-XQHB201103110020.html|archive-date=14 September 2016|publisher=中国学术期刊|language=zh|script-title=zh:建设世界一流大学的战略思考与实践——在一流大学建设的理论与实践学术研讨会上的讲话}}</ref> Under this system, several schools have been re-incorporated, including [[Tsinghua Law School]], the [[Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management|School of Economics and Management]], the School of Sciences, the School of Life Sciences, the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, the [[School of Public Policy and Management at Tsinghua University|School of Public Policy and Management]], and the Academy of Arts and Design.<ref name="学校沿革-清华大学"/> In 1996, the School of Economics and Management established a partnership with the [[Sloan School of Management]] at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]. One year later, Tsinghua and MIT began the MBA program known as the Tsinghua-MIT Global MBA.<ref name="sem.tsinghua.edu.cn">{{Cite web|title=Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management-Our History|url=https://www.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/aboutsem/ourhistory.html|access-date=1 December 2020|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308144056/https://www.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/aboutsem/ourhistory.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1998, Tsinghua became the first Chinese university to offer a [[Master of Laws]] (LLM) program in [[American law]], through a cooperative venture with the [[Temple University Beasley School of Law]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=LL.M. in Beijing, China – Temple Law|url=https://www.law.temple.edu/academics/degrees/llm-china/|access-date=1 December 2020|website=Temple University Beasley School of Law|archive-date=28 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028203713/https://www.law.temple.edu/academics/degrees/llm-china/|url-status=live}}</ref> === 21st century === Tsinghua alumni include the current [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party]] and [[paramount leader]] of China, [[Xi Jinping]] '79, who graduated with a degree in chemical engineering, along with the CCP General Secretary and former Paramount Leader of China [[Hu Jintao]] '64, who graduated with a degree in [[hydraulic engineering]]. In addition to its powerful alumni, Tsinghua has a reputation for hosting globally prominent guest speakers, with international leaders [[Bill Clinton]], [[Tony Blair]], [[Henry Kissinger]], [[Carlos Ghosn]], and [[Henry Paulson]] having lectured to the university community.<ref>[http://mba.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/Portals/1/Containers/Tsinghua%20SEM%20International%20MBA%20Program.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327075430/http://mba.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/Portals/1/Containers/Tsinghua%20SEM%20International%20MBA%20Program.pdf|date=27 March 2009}}</ref> As of 2018, Tsinghua University consists of 20 schools and 58 university departments, 41 research institutes, 35 research centers, and 167 laboratories, including 15 national key laboratories.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thu2018en/newthuen_cnt/01-about-6.html|title=Tsinghua University|website=Tsinghua University|access-date=29 June 2018|archive-date=29 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629131237/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thu2018en/newthuen_cnt/01-about-6.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2006, the [[Peking Union Medical College]], a renowned medical school, was renamed "Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University" although it and Tsinghua University are technically separate institutions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng__news.php?id=1210|title=Inauguration Ceremony for Newly Named Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University|publisher=News.tsinghua.edu.cn|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215221633/http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng__news.php?id=1210|archive-date=15 February 2012|access-date=22 April 2012}}</ref> The university operates the [[Tsinghua University Press]], which publishes academic journals, textbooks, and other scholarly works.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Springer Nature and Tsinghua University Press present the fourth Nano Research Award|url=https://www.springer.com/gp/about-springer/media/press-releases/corporate/springer-nature-and-tsinghua-university-press-present-the-fourth-nano-research-award/12342866|access-date=1 December 2020|website=springer.com|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506053239/https://www.springer.com/gp/about-springer/media/press-releases/corporate/springer-nature-and-tsinghua-university-press-present-the-fourth-nano-research-award/12342866|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tsinghua University Press|url=https://publons.com/publisher/9538/tsinghua-university-press|access-date=1 December 2020|website=publons.com|archive-date=16 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616010629/https://publons.com/publisher/9538/tsinghua-university-press|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:水木清华堂.JPG|thumb|left|The traditional He Tang Yue Se (''moonlit pond'') is part of the Qing dynasty Prince's Residence and Garden located on the grounds of Tsinghua University]]Through its constituent colleges, graduate and professional schools, and other institutes, Tsinghua University offers more than 82 bachelor's degree programs, 80 master's degree programs and 90 PhD programs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Undergraduate-Tsinghua University|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/Admissions/Undergraduate.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716174754/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/Admissions/Undergraduate.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 July 2020|access-date=1 December 2020|website=Tsinghua University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=30 September 2014|title=Tsinghua University|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/tsinghua-university/postgrad|access-date=1 December 2020|website=Top Universities|archive-date=10 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310201141/https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/tsinghua-university/postgrad|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014, Tsinghua established Xinya College, a residential liberal arts college, as a pilot project to reform undergraduate education at the university. Modeled after universities in the United States and Europe, Xinya combines general and professional education in a liberal arts tradition, featuring a core curriculum of Chinese and Western literature and civilization studies and required courses in physical education and foreign languages. Furthermore, while most Tsinghua undergraduates must choose a specific major upon entrance, Xinya students declare their majors at the end of freshman year, enabling them to explore several different fields of study.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/xinya/10636/index.html#|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629131402/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/xinya/10636/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 June 2018|website=Tsinghua University|script-title=zh:清华大学新雅书院|access-date=29 June 2018}}</ref> In December 2014, Tsinghua University established the Advisory Committee of Undergraduate Curriculum (ACUC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=ACUC: Let students take upon the leading roles in educational reforming-Tsinghua University|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/info/1245/4801.htm|access-date=20 December 2023|website=tsinghua.edu.cn|archive-date=8 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181251/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/en/info/1245/4801.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> It became the first student autonomous organization in mainland China for students to participate in the school's management.<ref>{{Cite web|title=本科生课程咨询委员会:上什么课怎么上 学生来提议-清华大学|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/2116/81060.htm|access-date=20 December 2023|website=tsinghua.edu.cn|archive-date=17 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217154531/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/2116/81060.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The Tsinghua University Academic Committee, which was formally established on 8 July 2015, has stipulated in the committee's charter that students should be consulted through the ACUC for resolutions involving undergraduate students.<ref>{{Cite web|title=清华大学本科生课程咨询委员会是一个什么样的组织? – ApplySquare|url=https://www.applysquare.com/topic-en/fUAakybpx/|access-date=20 December 2023|website=applysquare.com|archive-date=20 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220175601/https://www.applysquare.com/topic-en/fUAakybpx/|url-status=live}}</ref> From then on, Tsinghua commenced a new round of academic reform lasting ever since, including establishing GPA grading system,<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 July 2017|title=清华今年起改革学业评价体系 以等级代替百分制-新华网|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-05/16/c_127807266.htm|access-date=20 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711110912/http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-05/16/c_127807266.htm|archive-date=11 July 2017}}</ref> adding the writing classes, critical thinking classes, second foreign languages classes into curriculum,<ref>{{Cite web|date=4 April 2019|title="写作与沟通"将成清华本科生必修课|url=http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thunews/9650/2018/20180522164913936446019/20180522164913936446019_.html|access-date=20 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404061121/http://news.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thunews/9650/2018/20180522164913936446019/20180522164913936446019_.html|archive-date=4 April 2019}}</ref> requiring undergrads to be able to swim before graduation,<ref>{{Cite web|title=无游泳,不毕业——游泳课践行清华体育精神-清华大学|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1370/84958.htm|access-date=20 December 2023|website=tsinghua.edu.cn|archive-date=8 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181252/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1370/84958.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> cooperating with the [[Peking University]] on class cross-registration to supplement each other's general education curriculum,<ref>{{Cite web|title=北大清华互选课程升级的启示-清华大学|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1182/51982.htm|access-date=20 December 2023|website=tsinghua.edu.cn|archive-date=20 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220175603/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1182/51982.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> reducing fees on class withdraw, transcripts and certificates,<ref>{{Cite web|title=毕业生办理成绩单、证书制作件流程-清华大学教务处|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/jwc/info/1071/1225.htm|access-date=20 December 2023|website=tsinghua.edu.cn|archive-date=4 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604143451/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/jwc/info/1071/1225.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and adjusting the graduate school co-terminal admission policies.<ref>{{Cite web|title=郑力参加本科生课程咨询委员会2021–2022学年度第一次正式会议-清华大学|url=https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1176/90879.htm|access-date=20 December 2023|website=tsinghua.edu.cn|archive-date=20 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220175601/https://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/info/1176/90879.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2016, [[Schwarzman Scholars]] was established with almost US$400 million endowment by [[Stephen A. Schwarzman|Steven Schwarzman]], the chairman and CEO of the [[The Blackstone Group|Blackstone Group]] and other multinational corporations and global leaders. [[Schwarzman Scholars]] annually selects 100–200 scholars across the world to enroll in a one-year fully-funded master's degree leadership program designed to cultivate the next generation of global leaders. 40% students are selected from the United States, 20% students are selected from China, 40% are selected from rest of the world. These scholars reside on the university campus at [[Schwarzman College]], a residential college built specifically for the program.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thunews/9650/2016/20160510170252588389687/20160510170252588389687_.html|date=10 May 2016|work=清华新闻网|access-date=26 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225213815/http://www.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/thunews/9650/2016/20160510170252588389687/20160510170252588389687_.html|archive-date=25 February 2017|publisher=新華教育|script-title=zh:清华苏世民书院:以培养未来世界领袖为目标 打造国际化人才}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://finance.qq.com/a/20130422/005627.htm|date=22 April 2013|access-date=9 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921152326/http://finance.qq.com/a/20130422/005627.htm|archive-date=21 September 2016|publisher=腾讯财经9|script-title=zh:黑石创始人苏世民对华捐3亿美元办学}}</ref> In 2016, Tsinghua's expenditures were RMB 13.7 billion (US$3.57 billion at purchasing power parity), the largest budget of any university in China.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/world-view/some-notes-finances-top-chinese-universities|title=Some Notes on the Finances of Top Chinese Universities|last=Usher|first=Alex|date=1 October 2017|work=[[Inside Higher Ed]]|access-date=3 October 2017|archive-date=2 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002053133/https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/world-view/some-notes-finances-top-chinese-universities|url-status=live}}</ref> According to a 2018 ''[[Financial Times]]'' report, Tsinghua University has been linked to [[Cyber spying|cyber-espionage]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Yang|first=Yuan|date=17 August 2018|title=China's Tsinghua University linked to cyber espionage, study claims|work=[[Financial Times]]|url=https://www.ft.com/content/cbf22f3c-a1f9-11e8-85da-eeb7a9ce36e4|access-date=8 May 2022|archive-date=8 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220508150424/https://www.ft.com/content/cbf22f3c-a1f9-11e8-85da-eeb7a9ce36e4|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2024, Tsinghua announced that its office of the university president had merged into the university's [[Chinese Communist Party]] committee, which would directly administer the university henceforth.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 January 2024|title=China's ruling party takes direct control of country's universities|url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/china-universities-01182024160231.html|access-date=19 January 2024|website=[[Radio Free Asia]]|archive-date=18 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118232311/https://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/china-universities-01182024160231.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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