Editing Glenwood Springs, Colorado (section)

==History==
For thousands of years, the area now known as [[Glenwood Springs station|Glenwood Springs]] has been inhabited by Indigenous people.<ref name="NPS/BLM" /> The [[oral tradition|oral history]] of the Kapuuta and Mouache bands recall that Glenwood Springs is located within the traditional ''Nuuchiu tuvupu'' (The People's Land) of the Subuagan and [[Parianuche]] bands. Fred Conetah's ''History of the Northern Utes''<ref name="Conetah">{{cite book |last1=Conetah |first1=Fred A. |title=A History of the Northern Ute People |date=1982 |publisher=Uintah-Ouray Ute Tribe (previously University of Michigan Press) |oclc=8806593 |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8806593 |access-date=October 5, 2020}}</ref> states that the [[White River Utes|Yampa or White River bands]] used the area, which is now in the [[Ute people|Ute]] ancestral jurisdiction.<ref name="SUDrum">{{cite news |title=Protecting the hot springs and vapor caves in Glenwood Springs |url=https://www.sudrum.com/top-stories/2020/09/11/protecting-the-hot-springs-and-vapor-caves-in-glenwood-springs/ |access-date=October 5, 2020 |publisher=Southern Ute Drum |date=September 11, 2020 |archive-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009161436/https://www.sudrum.com/top-stories/2020/09/11/protecting-the-hot-springs-and-vapor-caves-in-glenwood-springs/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Utes were nomadic hunter-gatherers who seasonally used the natural hot springs in the area. The U.S. government surveyed the land in the mid-19th century, although they had no claim on the land. An 1868 treaty negotiated by the Tabeguache Ute Chief Ouray preserved the hunting grounds in the area of present-day Glenwood Springs.<ref name="GS Colorado">{{cite web |title=Ute Indian History in Glenwood Springs, Colorado |url=https://visitglenwood.com/history/ute-era/ |publisher=Glenwood Springs Colorado |access-date=October 5, 2020 |archive-date=September 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925180750/https://visitglenwood.com/history/ute-era/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Glenwood Springs was originally known as "Defiance" because its original white settlers squatted on the [[Ute Indian Reservation]]. Defiance was a camp of tents, saloons, and brothels.

Garfield County was created on February 10, 1883, with [[Carbonate, Colorado|Carbonate]] as the county seat. The mining town of Carbonate was located high in the remote [[Flat Tops (Colorado)|Flat Tops]] mountains. Isaac Cooper platted a legal settlement named Barlow at the confluence of the [[Roaring Fork River]] and the [[Grand River (Colorado)|Grand River]] where Defiance had been, and the Barlow, Colorado, post office opened on June 25, 1883.<ref name=CPO>{{cite book|title=Colorado Post Offices 1859–1989|first1=William H.|last1=Bauer|first2=James L.|last2=Ozment|first3=John H.|last3=Willard|date=1990|publisher=[[Colorado Railroad Museum|Colorado Railroad Historical Foundation]]|location=[[Golden, Colorado]]|isbn=0-918654-42-4}}</ref> Garfield County voters moved the county seat to the much more accessible Barlow later that year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reporterherald.com/2018/03/24/carbonate-colorados-strangest-county-seat/|title=Carbonate — Colorado's strangest county seat|work=Reporter Herald|date=March 24, 2018|access-date=September 6, 2020|archive-date=October 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019111557/https://www.reporterherald.com/2018/03/24/carbonate-colorados-strangest-county-seat/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Isaac Cooper's wife Sarah had a hard time adjusting to the [[American Frontier|frontier]] life and, in an attempt to make her environment somewhat more comfortable, persuaded the founders to change the name of Barlow to Glenwood Springs, after her hometown of [[Glenwood, Iowa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.glenwoodhistory.com/timeline1880.htm |title=Frontier Historical Society Timeline |access-date=March 16, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318201836/http://www.glenwoodhistory.com/timeline1880.htm |archive-date=March 18, 2016 }}</ref> The Barlow post office was renamed Glenwood Springs, Colorado, on March 28, 1884,<ref name=CPO/> and the Town of Glenwood Springs was incorporated on September 4, 1885.<ref name=MuniIncCO/>
[[File:GlenwoodHSHotel.jpg|thumb|left|Glenwood Hot Springs Bathhouse, Glenwood Springs, built c.&nbsp;1888]]

The location of Glenwood Springs, and its railroad stop, established a center of commerce in the area. The city has seen well-known visitors, including President [[Teddy Roosevelt]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.postindependent.com/news/video-our-living-history-part-10/|title=Our Living History Part 10|date=September 17, 2020 |publisher=Post Independent|access-date=October 4, 2020|archive-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008170556/https://www.postindependent.com/news/video-our-living-history-part-10/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.postindependent.com/news/video-our-living-history-part-11/|title=Our Living History Part 11|date=October 2020 |publisher=Post Independent|access-date=October 4, 2020|archive-date=October 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004202228/https://www.postindependent.com/news/video-our-living-history-part-11/|url-status=live}}</ref> who spent a summer vacation living in the historic [[Hotel Colorado]]. [[Doc Holliday]], who was known for the [[Gunfight at the O.K. Corral|O.K.&nbsp;Corral gunfight]], spent the final months of his life in Glenwood Springs and is buried in the town's original Pioneer Cemetery above Bennett Avenue. [[Kid Curry]] is buried in the same location.

Glenwood Springs was one of the first places in the United States to have electric lights. The original lighting was installed in 1897 inside of the Fairy Caves in Iron Mountain. Later, a dam was built on the [[Grand River (Colorado)|Grand River]] in [[Glenwood Canyon]], providing water for the [[Shoshone Hydroelectric Generating Station]], which began producing power on May 16, 1909. On July 21, 1921, an Act of Congress changed the name of the Grand River to the [[Colorado River]]. The Shoshone plant retains some of the largest and oldest water rights on the upper Colorado River,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://krcc.org/post/shoshone-power-plant-big-dog-river|title=The Shoshone Power Plant: "A Big Dog on the River"|first=Maeve|last=Conran|access-date=April 3, 2016|archive-date=April 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402155243/http://krcc.org/post/shoshone-power-plant-big-dog-river|url-status=live}}</ref> the "Shoshone Call",<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.vaildaily.com/article/20020917/NEWS/209170101| last1=Best| first1=Allen| title=Shoshone 'call' runs upstream valleys| work=Vail Daily| date=September 16, 2002| access-date=November 14, 2016| archive-date=July 20, 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720065117/http://www.vaildaily.com/article/20020917/NEWS/209170101| url-status=live}}</ref> which is valuable for the protection of Colorado River water rather than the minimal electricity produced.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.postindependent.com/opinion/columns/15661869-113/colorado-water-priorities-protect-shoshone-more-water-for-lower| last1=Gardner-Smith| first1=Brent| title=Colorado Water: Priorities: Protect Shoshone, more water for lower Crystal River| work=Post Independent| date=April 2, 2015| access-date=November 14, 2016| archive-date=April 18, 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418170359/http://www.postindependent.com/opinion/columns/15661869-113/colorado-water-priorities-protect-shoshone-more-water-for-lower| url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[serial killer]] [[Ted Bundy]] was imprisoned in the Garfield County Jail until he escaped on the night of December 30, 1977, an escape which went undetected for 17&nbsp;hours.<ref>Michaud, Stephen, and Hugh Aynesworth. ''The Only Living Witness''. Authorlink 1999, paperback. {{ISBN|1-928704-11-5}}. p. 212-213.</ref>
[[File:Downtownglenwoodsprings.jpg|alt=|thumb|Grand Avenue, Glenwood Springs]]