Editing Demographics of Romania (section)

== Population evolution ==
{{Main|Demographic history of Romania}}
{{see also|List of cities and towns in Romania|Metropolitan areas in Romania}}
[[File:BirthDeath 1950 RO.svg|thumb|350px|Birth and death rates in 1950–2008. A [[Decree 770|huge surge of the birth rate in 1967]]
 is the most prominent feature of these graphs.]]
Romania's population has declined steadily in recent decades, from a peak of 23.2 million in 1990 to 19.12 million in 2021.<ref name="ziare">{{cite web |url=http://www.ziare.com/social/romani/populatia-romaniei-scadere-alarmanta-suntem-la-nivelul-lui-1966-1398271 |title=Populația României, creșterea alarmantă: Suntem la nivelul Germaniei. Anual cresc 17 orașe mici |work=Ziare.com |date=10 December 2015|language=ro}}</ref> Among the causes of [[population decline]] are high [[Mortality rate|mortality]], a low [[fertility rate]] since 1990, and tremendous levels of [[emigration]].<ref name="ziare" />

In 1990, Romania's population was estimated to be 23.21 million inhabitants.<ref name="WPP">{{cite report |title=World Population Prospects. The 2010 Revision |volume= I: Comprehensive Tables |page=162 |publisher=Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, United Nations, New York |url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/trends/WPP2010/WPP2010_Volume-I_Comprehensive-Tables.pdf |year=2011}}</ref> For the entire period 1990–2006, the estimated population loss tops 1.5 million,<ref name="WPP"/> but it is likely to be higher, given the explosion of migration for work after 2001 and the tendency of some migrants to settle permanently in the countries where they live.<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.apapr.ro/images/BIBLIOTECA/demografie/ince%20declinul%20demografic%20ro%202007.pdf |title=Declinul demografic și viitorul populației României. O perspectivă din anul 2007 asupra populației României în secolul 21 |publisher=Editura Alpha MDN |work=Institutul Național de Cercetări Economice al Academiei Române |author=Vasile Ghețău |date=2007 |isbn=978-973-7871-88-6 |language=ro |access-date=2016-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020061037/http://www.apapr.ro/images/BIBLIOTECA/demografie/ince%20declinul%20demografic%20ro%202007.pdf |archive-date=2016-10-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Sources give varied estimates for Romania's historical population. The National Institute for Research and Development in Informatics (NIRDI) gives the following numbers (the figure for 2020 was provided by the National Institute of Statistics – INS):
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| y1Title= Population (million)
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| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000)
| y2Title=Crude migration change (per 1000)
}}
<ref>Note: Crude migration change (per 1000) is a trend analysis, an extrapolation based average population change (current year minus previous) minus natural change of the current year (see table vital statistics). As average population is an estimate of the population in the middle of the year and not end of the year.</ref>

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| x = 1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

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| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}