Editing 1643 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 21]] &ndash; [[Abel Tasman]] sights the island of [[Tonga]].<ref name=Tasman>{{cite book | last = Baker | first = Christopher | title = Absolutism and the scientific revolution, 1600-1720 : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenwood Press | location = Westport, Conn | year = 2002 | isbn = 9780313308277 | page=370}}</ref>
* [[February 6]]
**(17 [[Dhu al-Qadah]] 1052 [[Islamic calendar|AH]]) In [[India]], the first ceremony at the nearly-complete [[Taj Mahal]] in [[Agra]], the Mughal Emperor [[Shah Jahan]] observes the 12th anniversary of the death of his wife, [[Mumtaz Mahal]], and opens the structure to thousands of mourners.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=XETPEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Taj+Mahal%22+February+1643&pg=PA658 ''World Architecture and Society: From Stonehenge to One World Trade Center''] (Bloomsbury, 2021) p.658</ref>
**[[Abel Tasman]] sights the [[Fiji]] Islands.<ref name=Tasman/>
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[First English Civil War]]: [[First Battle of Middlewich]] &ndash; [[Roundhead]]s ([[Long Parliament|Parliamentarian]]s) rout the [[Cavalier]]s (Royalist supporters of [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]]) at [[Middlewich]] in [[Cheshire]].
* [[March 18]] &ndash; [[Irish Confederate Wars]]: [[Battle of New Ross (1643)|Battle of New Ross]] &ndash; English troops defeat those of [[Confederate Ireland]].

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Åmål]], [[Sweden]], is granted its city charter.
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[Francisco de Lucena]], former Portuguese Secretary of State, is beheaded after being convicted of treason.
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] succeeds his father [[Louis XIII of France|Louis XIII]] as King of France at age 4. His rule will last until his death at age 76 in [[1715]], a total of 72 years, which will be the longest reign of any European monarch in recorded history.
* [[May 19]]
** [[Thirty Years' War]]: [[Battle of Rocroi]]: The French defeat the Spanish at [[Rocroi]] in France.
** The [[New England Confederation]] is formed as a military alliance between [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]], [[Plymouth Colony]], [[Saybrook Colony]] (Connecticut), and [[New Haven Colony]].<ref>William Henry Carpenter, Timothy Shay Arthur. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tj4WAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA78 The History of Connecticut: from its earliest settlement to the present time]'' (1872), ch. 5</ref>
* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[Dutch expedition to Valdivia]]: The Dutch fleet (led by [[Hendrik Brouwer]]) is spotted off [[Carelmapu]] in Chile, soon afterwards landing nearby and plundering the fort and village.
* [[June 30]] &ndash; [[First English Civil War]]: [[Battle of Adwalton Moor]] &ndash; Royalists gain control of [[Yorkshire]].

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; The [[Westminster Assembly]] of theologians ("divines") and parliamentarians is convened at [[Westminster Abbey]] with the aim of restructuring the [[Church of England]].
* [[July 5]] &ndash; [[First English Civil War]]: [[Battle of Lansdowne]] &ndash; Royalists gain a [[pyrrhic victory]] over the Parliamentarians near [[Bath, Somerset]].
* [[July 13]] &ndash; [[First English Civil War]]: [[Battle of Roundway Down]] &ndash; [[Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester|Henry Wilmot]], newly created Baron Wilmot, commanding Royalist cavalry, wins a crushing victory over Parliamentarian Sir [[William Waller]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Burne | first = Alfred | title = The battlefields of England | publisher = Pen & Sword Military Classics | location = South Yorkshire, England | year = 2005 | isbn = 9781844152063 | page=372 | language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Dutch expedition to Valdivia]]: A Dutch fleet establishes a new colony in the ruins of [[Valdivia]] in [[Zona Sur|southern Chile]].
* [[September 20]] &ndash; [[First English Civil War]]: [[First Battle of Newbury]] &ndash; A strategic Parliamentarian victory is made over Royalist forces who are led personally by King Charles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/civil-war/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=30|title=Battle of Newbury I|website=UK Battlefields Resource Centre|access-date=10 September 2021|language=en}}</ref>

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 8]] &ndash; The [[Shunzhi Emperor]] of China is crowned at five years old, 17 days after the death of his father and the decision of the [[Deliberative Council of Princes and Ministers]].
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Dutch expedition to Valdivia]]: The Dutch end their occupation of [[Valdivia]] in [[Chile]].
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Empress Meishō]] abdicates and [[Emperor Go-Kōmyō]] accedes to the throne of Japan.
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Thirty Years' War]]: [[Battle of Tuttlingen]] &ndash; France is defeated by forces of the [[Holy Roman Empire]].
* [[December 12]] &ndash; Swedish Field Marshal [[Lennart Torstensson]]'s forces enter [[Denmark-Norway|Danish]] territory in [[Holstein]], beginning the [[Torstenson War]].
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[First English Civil War]]: At the [[Battle of Alton]] in [[Hampshire]], the Parliamentarians  defeat the Royalists.
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Christmas Island]] in the Indian Ocean is sighted and named by Captain William Mynors of the [[British East India Company]] ship ''Royal Mary''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/parks/christmas/culture-history/island-history.html |title=Christmas Island history |publisher=Australian Government, Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities |access-date=December 9, 2011 |date=November 2, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304001240/http://www.environment.gov.au/parks/christmas/culture-history/island-history.html |archive-date=March 4, 2012 }}</ref>
* [[December 28]] &ndash; [[Dutch expedition to Valdivia]]: The failed Dutch expedition arrives back at [[Recife]] in [[Dutch Brazil]].

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Baden-Baden]] is pillaged by the French.
* An Calbhach mac Aedh Ó Conchobhair Donn, The [[Ó Conchubhair Donn]], [[Chief of the Name]] of the Clan Ó Conchubhair, is popularly inaugurated as the last [[King of Connacht]] in Ireland.
* [[Evangelista Torricelli]] invents the mercury barometer.
* [[Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve]], places the first [[Mount Royal Cross]] atop [[Mount Royal]] above [[Montreal]].
* [[Jean Bolland]] publishes the first two volumes of the ''[[Acta Sanctorum]]'' (in Antwerp). This is the beginning of the [[Bollandists]]' work.
* [[Miyamoto Musashi]] begins to dictate ''[[The Book of Five Rings]]'' (''Go Rin No Sho'') to his student; he will complete it in [[1654]], just before his death.
* [[Roger Williams]], co-founder of [[Rhode Island]], publishes ''[[A Key into the Language of America]]''.</onlyinclude>
* The first professional book publisher to use [[printing press]] in Norway is established in [[Oslo]].<ref name = "Guttenberg">{{cite book| last=Eng|title=Guttenberg 1872-1873|location=Oslo|year=2012|isbn=978-82-993962-1-9|language=Norwegian}}</ref>