Treece, Kansas

Treece is a ghost town in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States,<ref name="GNIS"/> and part of the historic Tri-State Mining District. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 138.<ref name="Census2010"/> As of May 2012 the city was abandoned and most buildings and other facilities demolished due to pervasive problems with lead pollution resulting from past mining. Two people who had refused an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) buyout remained in 2012,<ref name=NYTLead>Template:Cite news</ref> one of whom died in 2016.<ref name="TimBusbyObit"/>

History

Treece and neighboring former cities Picher, Cardin and Douthat were formed as a result of mining operations in the early 20th century. Realtor J. O. Treece lent the town his name.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The first post office in Treece was established in 1917.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Treece was a major supplier of lead, zinc, and iron ore. During its maximum production, Treece and Picher combined had a population of over 20,000 and produced $20 billion worth of ore mainly during World War I and World War II. After the 1970s, ore production declined rapidly as did the city's population.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 1981 the Environmental Protection Agency deemed the Tri-State Mining District as contaminated and promised to take actions to clean up the area.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

The cleanup of Tri-State Mining District lands was divided for EPA purposes into a total of four National Priority List (NPL) Superfund Sites: the Cherokee County Site, Cherokee County, Kansas; the Orongo-Duenweg Site, Jasper County, Missouri; the Newton County Mine Tailings Site, Newton County, Missouri; and the Tar Creek Site, Ottawa County, Oklahoma.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Cherokee County Superfund Site was in turn divided into seven subsites that were grouped and divided into nine operable units (OUs). The area around Treece was designated OU4.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Thus, while Treece is located less than a mile north of Picher, Oklahoma, a town which was closed due to lead pollution, Treece was located at a different Superfund site. Picher's residents' property was bought out by the Environmental Protection Agency. Residents of Treece also demanded a buy-out, but at first were not certain of receiving one.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> As of September 2009, it was reported that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency wanted to clean up the soil in Treece, instead of moving its residents away.<ref>Treece Journal: Welcome to Our Town. Wish We Weren’t Here. SUSAN SAULNY, The New York Times, September 13, 2009</ref> Congress, however, passed an environmental appropriations bill on October 29, 2009, that authorized the EPA to buy out the town.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Residents had until August 31, 2010 to apply for a Federal buyout<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and offers were to be made to the 80 residents who applied in December.<ref>Treece buyout offers to start next month. Staff reports, The Joplin Globe, November 5, 2010</ref> As of May 2, 2012 only one couple had rejected the buyout offer and remained in Treece living in a double-wide trailer. Other than their location all other facilities in the former city have been sold, moved, or demolished.<ref name=NYTLead />

In 2012, the State of Kansas officially disincorporated the city of Treece.<ref name="disin">Template:Cite news</ref>

Contamination

Treece, Kansas was deemed as uninhabitable and contaminated by the Environmental Protection Agency because of the large chat piles and leftover mine tailings that still exist in the abandoned town today. Wes Enzinna, a writer for The New York Times, visited Treece in 2010 and interviewed some of the remaining residents. They claimed that years before Treece was ruled contaminated by the EPA, children who swam in the local Tar Creek Superfund site would end up with chemical burns (superficially resembling sunburn) all over their bodies.<ref name="NYTLead" />

The reason that the chat piles and mine tailings are so dangerous is because of the high amount of lead that is still left in the rock. While short-term exposure to lead will not necessarily harm a person, if one is exposed for long periods of time, which the people living in Treece were, it can result in high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney disease, and reduced fertility.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> No studies have been done to determine the effects that the toxic environment left on the health of former residents of Treece, Kansas.

Some of the chat piles in Treece are up to Template:Cvt tall and the dust that is blown off from these piles “still contains enough metal to make blood-lead levels among young children here three times higher than the national average”.<ref name="NYTLead" /> The residents of Treece had been dealing and living with dangerous amounts of toxic waste in their backyards for 50–60 years before anything was done to clean up the area.

When the mining companies stopped mining, they shut off the water pumps that kept the mines from flooding. When the floodwater traveled through the mining tunnels, it picked up all the leftover traces of minerals that were left behind. The water then found its way into the local Tar Creek and other streams, contaminating the water and ruining the habitat of the local wildlife.<ref name="NYTLead" />

It is important to add that Tar Creek runs through Treece and many other towns in the area that faced the same issues as Treece.

Geography

Treece is located in southeastern Kansas, adjacent to the Kansas-Oklahoma border just west of U.S. Route 69. Picher, Oklahoma lies one mile to the south.<ref>Picher, OK, 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1961 (1982 rev.)</ref>

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of Template:Convert, all land.

Demographics

2000 census

As of the census of 2000,<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> there were 149 people, 59 households, and 37 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 66 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 85.91% White, 7.38% Native American, 2.01% African American, and 4.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.67% of the population.

There were 59 households, out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.6% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.26.

In the city the population was spread out, with 30.9% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $22,500, and the median income for a family was $28,125. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $33,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $10,122. There were 20.0% of families and 26.4% of the population living below the poverty line, including 40.5% of under eighteens and 19.0% of those over 64.

2010s

As of May 2012, one couple who had rejected an EPA buyout offer remained in Treece.<ref name=NYTLead />

On August 30, 2016, Timothy Busby, one of the two remaining Treece residents, died at the age of 54. He is survived by his wife, Della Busby, who lived with him in Treece until his death, as well as their three grown children and other relatives.

See also

• List of Superfund sites in Kansas

Next door communities that were also closed down and razed:

• Picher, Oklahoma
• Cardin, Oklahoma

External links

• EPA officially notifies Treece of buyout, The Wichita Eagle
• "Mined Lands" video, KTWU
• Mining Town Minerals, Kansas Historical Society
• Cherokee County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT