St. Francis County, Arkansas

Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox U.S. county

St. Francis County is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,090.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The county seat is Forrest City.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref>

St. Francis County comprises the Forrest City, Arkansas Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Memphis-Forrest City, TN-MS-AR Combined Statistical Area.

History

St. Francis County was formed by the Arkansas territorial legislature on October 13, 1827. Madison served as the county seat until Forrest City, formed in 1869 and named after Nathan Bedford Forrest, replaced it in 1874.Template:Sfn

The percentage of tenant farmers in the county rose from 43.2% in 1880 to 70.7% in 1900.Template:Sfn

It is on the eastern border of the state in the Arkansas Delta, formed by the lowlands of the Mississippi River. It was an area of large cotton plantations in the antebellum era, when the workers were enslaved African Americans. It continued as an agricultural area into the late 19th century, when many freedmen became sharecroppers.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert (1.2%) is water.<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref>

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Cross County (north)
Crittenden County (east)
Lee County (south)
Monroe County (southwest)
Woodruff County (northwest)

Demographics

Template:US Census population

2020 census

St. Francis County Racial Composition<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Race	Num.	Perc.
White	9,206	39.87%
Black or African American	12,501	54.14%
Native American	65	0.28%
Asian	122	0.53%
Pacific Islander	1	0.01%
Other/Mixed	510	2.21%
Hispanic or Latino	686	2.97%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 23,090 people, 9,388 households, and 5,867 families residing in the county.

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 28,258 people living in the county. 51.9% were Black or African American, 44.2% White, 0.5% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 1.4% of some other race and 1.5% of two or more races. 4.1% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).

2000 census

File:USA St. Francis County, Arkansas age pyramid.svg

Age pyramid St. Francis County<ref>Based on 2000 census data</ref>

As of the 2000 census,<ref name="GR8">Template:Cite web</ref> there were 29,329 people, 10,043 households, and 7,230 families living in the county. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 11,242 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 48.36% White, 49.01% Black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.56% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.40% from other races, and 1.40% from two or more races. 4.88% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 10,043 households, out of which 35.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.90% were married couples living together, 20.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.00% were non-families. 25.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.90% under the age of 18, 9.90% from 18 to 24, 29.10% from 25 to 44, 21.20% from 45 to 64, and 11.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 105.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $26,146, and the median income for a family was $30,324. Males had a median income of $28,389 versus $20,578 for females. The per capita income for the county was $12,483. About 23.10% of families and 27.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 38.70% of those under age 18 and 23.10% of those age 65 or over.

Government and politics

Government

The county government is a constitutional body granted specific powers by the Constitution of Arkansas and the Arkansas Code. The quorum court is the legislative branch of the county government and controls all spending and revenue collection. Representatives are called justices of the peace and are elected from county districts every even-numbered year. The number of districts in a county vary from nine to fifteen, and district boundaries are drawn by the county election commission. The St. Francis County Quorum Court has eleven members. Presiding over quorum court meetings is the county judge, who serves as the chief executive officer of the county. The county judge is elected at-large and does not vote in quorum court business, although capable of vetoing quorum court decisions.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

St. Francis County, Arkansas Elected countywide officials<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>https://www.arcounties.org/site/assets/files/6033/november_races.pdf</ref>
Position	Officeholder	Party
County Judge	Craig Jones	Democratic
County Clerk	Brandi H. McCoy	Democratic
Circuit Clerk	Alan T. Smith	Democratic
Sheriff/Collector	Bobby May	Independent
Treasurer	Tammy Talley	Independent
Assessor	Ginadell Adams	Independent
Coroner	Miles Kimble	Democratic

The composition of the Quorum Court after the 2024 elections is 7 Democrats, 3 Republicans, and 1 Independent. Justices of the Peace (members) of the Quorum Court following the elections are:<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

District 1: Charles Jones (D)
District 2: Jimmy Long (I)
District 3: Margarette Lacy Winfrey (D)
District 4: David Coleman (R)
District 5: Ernestine Weaver (D)
District 6: Greg Gray (R)
District 7: Nathaniel Murray (D)
District 8: Christopher Ray (D)
District 9: Maceo J. Hawkins (D)
District 10: Kendall Owens (D)
District 11: Jamie Busby (R)

Additionally, the townships of St. Francis County are entitled to elect their own respective constables, as set forth by the Constitution of Arkansas. Constables are largely of historical significance as they were used to keep the peace in rural areas when travel was more difficult.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The township constables as of the 2024 elections are:<ref name=":1" />

Blackfish: Joe W. Cox (D)
Franks: Harry Mathes Jr. (D)
Garland: Joe Askue (D)
Johnson: Kendall Pettus (R)
Madison: George L. Cochran Sr. (D)
Prairie: James Roberts (D)
Telico: Everett Woods (R)

Politics

The Republican Party and Union Labor Party merged for the 1888 election and nominated a multiracial slate of candidates against the all-white Democratic slate. On September 4, Paul M. Cobbs, a white Democrat, shot at men guarding the precinct ballot box and wounded seven. The Republican-Union Labor ticket won the county elections.Template:Sfn The Union Labor Party's gubernatorial and Arkansas's 1st congressional district candidates also won St. Francis County.Template:Sfn

The Federal Bureau of Prisons Federal Correctional Complex, Forrest City is in Forrest City.<ref>"Forrest City city, Arkansas Template:Dead link." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on May 1, 2011.</ref><ref>"FCI Forrest City Medium Contact Information." Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved on May 1, 2011. "FCI FORREST CITY MEDIUM FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION 1400 DALE BUMPERS ROAD FORREST CITY, AR 72335"</ref>

A portion of St. Francis County is represented in the Arkansas State Senate by Republican Ronald R. Caldwell.

In presidential elections, St. Francis County generally votes Democratic. Following Reconstruction and disenfranchisement of black voters at the turn of the century, the county voted Democratic in every election since 1896, other than 1900 (William McKinley), 1908 (William Howard Taft), and 1968 (George Wallace).

By the late 1960s, white conservatives began to shift into the Republican Party, and St. Francis County was carried by Richard Nixon in 1972 amidst a national landslide. In 1984, Ronald Reagan carried the county in his landslide reelection. The county has voted Democratic in every subsequent presidential election, albeit be narrowing margins in recent years. In 2024, Kamala Harris narrowly won the county by 44 votes.