San Saba County, Texas

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox U.S. county

San Saba County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in western Central Texas, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 5,730.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Its county seat is San Saba.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref> The county is named after the San Saba River, which flows through the county.

History

Early history

Early Native American inhabitants of the area included Tonkawa, Caddo, Lipan Apache, and Comanche.<ref name="San Saba County">Template:Cite web</ref> In 1732, Governor of Spanish Texas, Juan Antonio Bustillo y Ceballos, arrived on the feast day of sixth-century monk St. Sabbas, and named the river Río de San Sabá de las Nueces.<ref name="Peace Came in the Form of a Woman: Indians and Spaniards in the Texas Borderlands"/><ref name="San Saba River">Template:Cite web</ref> Santa Cruz de San Sabá Mission was established in 1757.<ref name="Peace Came in the Form of a Woman: Indians and Spaniards in the Texas Borderlands">Template:Cite book</ref> In 1788, José Mares led an expedition from San Antonio to Santa Fe.<ref name="Spanish Texas, 1519-1821">Template:Cite book</ref>

In 1828, 28 people from Stephen F. Austin's group passed through. A portion of the county was included in Austin's grants from the Mexican government.<ref name="San Saba County"/> The Fisher–Miller Land Grant in 1842 contained most of later land deeds.<ref name="Along the Texas Forts Trail">Template:Cite book</ref> Five years later, the Meusebach–Comanche Treaty was signed in San Saba County.<ref name="Along the Texas Forts Trail"/> In 1854, the Harkey family settled at Wallace and Richland Creeks. The David Matsler family moved from Burnet County to Cherokee Creek.<ref name="San Saba County"/><ref name="The Real Wild West: The 101 Ranch and the Creation of the American West">Template:Cite book</ref>

San Saba County was organized from Bexar County and named for the San Saba River in 1856. San Saba was selected as the county seat.<ref name="San Saba County"/> The Seventh Texas Legislature confirmed the boundaries of the county in 1858.<ref name="San Saba County"/> in 1860, the population was 913, which included 98 slaves.<ref name="San Saba County"/> The county was divided into 10 school districts in 1867.<ref name="San Saba County"/>

In 1874, Edmund E. Risen devoted his work to improving local nuts, in particular the pecan. San Saba eventually billed itself as the Pecan Capital of the World.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Post-Civil War history

In the 1880s-'90s, mob rule not only whipped and forced out numerous people in towns throughout Texas, but also took 140 lives in Texas following the Civil War. San Saba County had the worst of the violence, with 25 lives taken by lynching from 1880 to 1896. Mob killings in Texas in the years after the war were often racially motivated crimes committed by members of the Ku Klux Klan against suspected slave rebels and white abolitionists. An investigation led to the Texas Rangers restoring order.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Many of the mob executions committed throughout Texas in the time following the Civil War were racially motivated and often committed by members of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), which formed in Shelby County, Texas.<ref name="tshaonline.org">Template:Cite web</ref> Most of the people killed by vigilante mobs in the five years after the war were "suspected slave rebels and white abolitionists". Although the KKK in Texas was less active by the 1870s, lives continued to be taken each year. In 1885, for the state of Texas, "...an estimated 22 mobs lynched 43 people, including 19 blacks and 24 whites, one of whom was female".<ref name="tshaonline.org"/> "The San Saba County lynchers, the deadliest of the lot, claimed some 25 victims between 1880 and 1896. Vigilante lynching died out in the 1890s, but other varieties of mobs continued."<ref name="tshaonline.org" />

The San Saba Male and Female Academy was founded in 1882.<ref name="San Saba County"/><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In 1889, the United Confederate Veterans William P. Rogers Camp No. 322 was established, named for Col. William P. Rogers.<ref name="United Confederate Veterans William P. Rogers Camp No. 322">Template:Cite web</ref> West Texas Normal and Business College was organized by Francis Marion Behrns in 1885.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Late 19th and 20th centuries

The parallel-wire suspension Beveridge Bridge was built across the San Saba River in 1896 by Flinn, Moyer Bridge Co.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1911, the Lometa-Eden branch of the Gulf, Colorado, and Santa Fe Railway was built through San Saba County.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> San Saba County brick and sandstone courthouse is erected. Architect Chamberlin & Co.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1930, half of the county farms were tenant farmed.<ref name="San Saba County"/> In 1931, pioneer rancher W.H. "Uncle Billy" Gibbons gave the Boy Scouts of America a 99-year lease to campgrounds along Brady Creek on the historic Gibbons Ranch. Relocated several miles upstream in 1946, the Boy Scouts continue to use Camp Billy Gibbons to this day.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The 1938 San Saba River floods caused county-wide devastation. One-third of the town of San Saba was under water.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The Town of San Saba was incorporated in 1940.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Prolonged drought in the mid-1950s brought hardship to the county agricultural economy.<ref name="San Saba County"/>

The San Saba County News merged with the San Saba Star in 1960.<ref name="San Saba County"/> In 1965, a historical marker was erected to honor pioneer doctor Edward D. Doss.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Geography

File:Colorado River of Texas IMG 0784.JPG

The Colorado River of Texas, from the Regency Suspension Bridge, on the border of Mills and San Saba Counties

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert are land and Template:Convert (0.3%) are covered by water.<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref>

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Mills County (north)
Lampasas County (east)
Burnet County (southeast)
Llano County (south)
Mason County (southwest)
McCulloch County (west)
Brown County (northwest)

Demographics

Template:US Census population

**San Saba County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition**
Template:Nobold
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref>	Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Partial<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	% 2000	% 2010	Template:Partial
White alone (NH)	4,622	4,135	3,690	74.72%	67.44%	64.40%
Black or African American alone (NH)	160	194	106	2.59%	3.16%	1.85%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	26	28	29	0.42%	0.46%	0.51%
Asian alone (NH)	5	13	16	0.08%	0.21%	0.28%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	0	0	1	0.00%	0.00%	0.02%
Other Race alone (NH)	6	1	10	0.10%	0.02%	0.17%
Mixed Race or Multiracial (NH)	34	45	129	0.55%	0.73%	2.25%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	1,333	1,715	1,749	21.55%	27.97%	30.52%
Total	6,186	6,131	5,730	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

As of the census<ref name="GR8">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2010, 6,131 people, 2,289 households, and 1,616 families resided in the county. The population density was Template:Convert. The 2,951 housing units averaged Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 84.50% White, 2.73% Black or African American, 1.07% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 10.52% from other races, and 1.07% from two or more races. About 21.6% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 2,289 households, 29.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.90% were married couples living together, 8.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.40% were not families. About 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the county, the population was distributed as 27.90% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 20.80% from 25 to 44, 22.80% from 45 to 64, and 20.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,104, and for a family was $35,255. Males had a median income of $25,334 versus $20,111 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,309. About 13.30% of families and 16.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.50% of those under age 18 and 11.60% of those age 65 or over.

Attractions

San Saba County is home to the only suspension bridge open to traffic in the state; the Regency Bridge spanning the Colorado River, located off FM 500 in the northern part of the county, was built in 1939.

The Beveridge Bridge, built in 1896 spanning the San Saba River, was the only other suspension bridge in Texas open to traffic until 2004, when it was replaced by a concrete bridge. The Beveridge Bridge, since restored and open as a pedestrian bridge, is located on the northwest edge of the city of San Saba, on China Creek Road, just north of the Wedding Oak.

San Saba County has produced more Texas six-man football state championships than any other county in Texas. The towns of Richland Springs (Richland Springs Coyotes) and Cherokee (Cherokee Indians) have won a total of 11 state championships. Richland Springs has appeared in a total of 9 state championship games and has won eight of them (2004, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016). Cherokee has appeared in a total of four state championship games and has won three of them (1973, 1975, 1978).

Communities

Towns

Richland Springs
San Saba (county seat)

Unincorporated communities

Notable people

Actor Tommy Lee Jones was born in San Saba and owns a ranch outside of town. Aaron Behrens, front man for Austin-based music group Ghostland Observatory.

Politics

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Commons category