Prince of Asturias
Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Redirect Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox official post Prince or Princess of Asturias (Template:Langx) is the main substantive title used by the heir apparent, or heir presumptive to the Spanish Crown.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 49.</ref> According to the Spanish Constitution of 1978:
The title originated in 1388, when King John I of Castile granted the dignityTemplate:Sndwhich included jurisdiction over the territory of Asturias<ref name="Suárez González 2000, p. 395">Suárez González 2000, p. 395.</ref> – to his first-born son Henry. In an attempt to end the dynastic struggle between the heirs of Kings Peter I and Henry II of Castile, the principality was chosen as the highest jurisdictional lordship the King could grant that had not yet been granted to anyone.<ref name="Suárez394">Suárez González 2000, p. 394.</ref> The custom of granting unique titles to royal heirs had already been in use in the Crown of Aragon (Prince of Girona) and the kingdoms of England (Prince of Wales), and France (Dauphin of Viennois).<ref name="Coronas53">Coronas González 2001, p. 53.</ref> The title, therefore, had two purposes: to serve as a generic title to name the heir apparent or heir presumptive, and as a specific title to apply to the prince who was first in the line of succession when the King transmitted to him the territory of the principality, with its government and its income.<ref name="Suárez394"/>
After the formation of the dynastic union between the Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon under the Catholic Monarchs, the title was favoured by the Spanish King, who by custom applied it in the same way, i.e. to his heir apparent. For generations the kingdom's crown prince accumulated the titles "Prince of Asturias, Girona, Spain and the New World", modifying those of the earlier regnant Habsburgs: "Prince of these Kingdoms, Prince of the Spains and the New World" (Príncipe de estos Reynos, príncipe de las Españas y del Nuevo Mundo).<ref name="Coronas6162">Coronas González 2001, pp. 61–62.</ref>
When the Bourbons acceded to the Spanish throne in 1705, the title was retained following the decisive help of Castile to the house in the War of the Spanish Succession.<ref name="Coronas64">Coronas González 2001, p. 64.</ref> At the beginning of the 19th century, the Spanish Constitution of 1812 (European year of revolutions) with consent of its counterparties ascribed the title to the heir of the Crown. The Constitutions within the following decades temporarily removed the synonymy between the title and position as heir to the Crown;<ref name="Coronas6768">Coronas González 2001, pp. 67–68.</ref> before being reinstated and recited in the second half of the 19th century, first half of the 20th century, and on the restoration of the monarchy (under parliamentary predominance) in 1978.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 69.</ref><ref name="Coronas73">Coronas González 2001, p. 73.</ref>
History
[edit]The jurisdictional lordships, forms of governmentTemplate:Sndnot of ownership or possession, which were consolidated in the 14th and 15th centuriesTemplate:Sndwere subrogationsTemplate:Clarify of the royal power for the administration of towns, usually those with geographical or structural difficulties that generated income. From King Alfonso XI the rulers created these lordships to give to their allies a proper way to maintain their position and to be able to govern and administer areas that were otherwise difficult to take care of with the traditional channels of the monarchy. From its originsTemplate:Clarify, there have been buying and selling operations.<ref name="Suárez González 2000, p. 395"/>
Origins: Counties of Noreña and Gijón
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The origins of the Principality of Asturias can be traced to the counties of Noreña and GijónTemplate:Sndlocated in the ancient Asturias de OviedoTemplate:Sndterritories with seignorial jurisdiction that belonged to Rodrigo Álvarez, who was called "of the Asturias".<ref>Suárez Fernández 2000, p. 393.</ref> These lordships were unique: they were territories that in remote times formed the Kingdom of Asturias, the one identified with the origins of the monarchy.<ref>Suárez Fernández 2000, p. 396.</ref>
When Rodrigo died without an heir in 1333, he bequeathed his domains to Henry, Count of Trastámara and illegitimate half-brother of King Peter I, during whose reign a "true civil war"Template:Sndin the words of Luis Suárez FernándezTemplate:Sndtook place in Asturias de Oviedo because a group of knights settled in small dominions believed that the consolidation of the "states" that were being occupied by the Count of Trastámara (in a civil war against the King), would affect their power.<ref>Suárez Fernández 2000, p. 401.</ref> Henry, once King, ceded the counties to his illegitimate son Alfonso Enríquez.<ref>Suárez Fernández 2000, p. 407.</ref> During the reign of his half brother King John I, the Count of Noreña and Gijón revolted against him several times; for this reason, the King decided to confiscate the counties and incorporate them to the Crown,<ref>Suárez Fernández 2000, pp. 413–414.</ref> promising in a document dated 18Template:NbspJuly 1383 that they would always remain part of the royal demesne.<ref>Coronas González 2001, pp. 54–55.</ref>
Creation of the Principality
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After the assassination of King Peter I in 1369, there began a series of disputes and long rivalries between John, Duke of Lancaster (who claimed the Castilian throne as the husband of Constance, eldest surviving daughter of King PeterTemplate:NbspI and his mistress María de Padilla but recognized as legitimate and in line of succession by the Cortes of 1362), and the two successive Trastámara claimants, [[Henry II of Castile|HenryTemplate:NbspII]] and his son [[John I of Castile|JohnTemplate:NbspI]]. After two decades of conflicts of varying intensity, the parties arrived at a compromise through means of the marriage between Prince Henry (son and heir of King JohnTemplate:NbspI) and Catherine of Lancaster (only surviving child of John and Constance). Template:Quote box On 8 July 1388 the Treaty of Bayonne was signed between John of Lancaster and King JohnTemplate:NbspI of Castile, establishing the final dynastic reconciliation after the assassination of King PeterTemplate:NbspI. By this treaty, the Duke of Lancaster and his wife Constance renounced all their rights over the Castilian throne on behalf of the marriage of their daughter Catherine to the first-born son of King JuanTemplate:NbspI of Castile, the future HenryTemplate:NbspIII, who was granted as heir the dignity of Prince of Asturias.<ref name="Coronas53"/> The title was granted with a ceremony.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 55.</ref>
The premature death of John I and the minority of HenryTemplate:NbspIII prevented the institutional and juridical conformation of the principality while Alfonso Enríquez rebelled again after obtaining his freedom by royal decree. Besieged by the King's troops, he submitted to the arbitration of King Charles VI of France, who imposed on the count the return of the territories he held in Asturias. The territory was subdued, and his royal status was confirmed.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 55–56.</ref>
In the early days of its creation, the title of Prince of Asturias was not just a simple honorific title, as it included control of the territory of Asturias. The Prince ruled it in representation of the King and was able to appoint judges, mayors, etc. King [[John II of Castile|JohnTemplate:NbspII]] by decree dated in Tordesillas on 3Template:NbspMarch 1444 declared the conversion of the principality into a jurisdictional lordship, linking the cities, towns, and places of Asturias deTemplate:NbspOviedo with their rents and jurisdictions to the Majorat of the heirs of the Crown;<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 56.</ref> however, this document was in some case disobeyed and ignored by the Asturian towns as it went against their traditional fueros.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 57.</ref> On 31Template:NbspMay of that same year the future [[Henry IV of Castile|HenryTemplate:NbspIV]] tried to make the Majorat effective and remember Oviedo and the twenty-one principal Asturian villages that rightfully belonged to his lordship even though he had not "executed or used [the principality] because of my minority and the great debates and scandals that have taken place in these kingdoms".<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 58.</ref>
With the legal conformation, the duality principality–lordship was recovered and would last under the jurisdiction of the Prince until the time of Catholic Monarchs,<ref>Coronas González 2001, pp. 56–57.</ref> who limited the scope of the title, making it merely honorary; this decision was upheld by the members of the House of Habsburg and the House of Bourbon until the present day.
Although all the heirs of the Crown of Castile have traditionally been considered Princes of Asturias, not all had a formal act by which the jurisdictional lordship was granted;<ref>Suárez Fernández 2000, pp. 394–395.</ref> strictly speaking, the only Princes of Asturias were Henry, during 1388–1390, Enrique, during 1444–1453, Isabella during 1468–1474, and John, briefly during 1496–1497.<ref name="Suárez395">Suárez Fernández 2000, p. 395.</ref> In the periods in which no prince was proclaimed, the Principality did not disappear but was directly governed by the monarch, to whose treasury were sent the jurisdictional rents.<ref name="Suárez395"/>
With the Catholic Monarchs, there began a policy of reintegration of the royal patrimony that gave rise to a long fight with the principality, lasting from 1483 to 1490, with the signing of an agreement by which the House of Quiñones handed over to the Crown the districts of Cangas, Tineo, Llanes, and Ribadesella in exchange for five million maravedis and the Leonese Babias.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 60.</ref> In 1496 there was an attempt to revive the principality by Royal Letter dated 20Template:NbspMay, in which the monarchs, "wishing to observe the ancient custom" of their KingdomsTemplate:Sndan allusion to AragonTemplate:Sndgave to Prince John the rents and jurisdictions of the Asturian places that had previously reverted to the Crown, reserving to them the majority of the judgesTemplate:Clarify and the condition of not alienating his patrimony.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 61.</ref>
Decadence under the Habsburgs
[edit]With Prince John the title was added to a list of titles used by the Hispanic monarchy, the heir adding the titles of Prince of Asturias, Girona (1496), Spain, and the New World. The imperialist aspirations are observed in the new title of the heir of the Catholic Monarchs: "Prince of these Kingdoms, Prince of the Spains and the New World" (Príncipe de estos Reynos, Príncipe de las Españas y del Nuevo Mundo). The title lives from that moment a time of partial decadence with the establishment of the House of Habsburg on the Spanish throne;<ref name="Coronas6162"/> for example, [[Philip II of Spain|PhilipTemplate:NbspII]] was educated to take on the functions of Regent during the absences of his father, not like a Prince of Asturias.<ref name="Suárez395"/> The 16th and 17th centuries were characterized by various conflicts between the King and the principality because of the titles and dignities granted and referring to the territory.<ref>Coronas González 2001, pp. 62–64.</ref> Only during the reign of [[Philip IV of Spain|PhilipTemplate:NbspIV]] was a proper ceremony introduced for the Prince's oath as heir.<ref name="Coronas64"/>
Absolutism under the Bourbons
[edit]With the arrival of the House of Bourbon to the Spanish throne after the War of the Spanish Succession begins a new period for the Principality of Asturias, whose population looked upon the new dynasty with hope. The new royal house promoted an identification of the Principality with the Spanish heir following the aid givenTemplate:Clarify by the Crown of Castile during the war, and the Principality of Asturias, which until then had been held by the heir of Castile, tended to be considered properly Spanish.Template:Clarify<ref name="Coronas64"/>Template:Efn
19th century Constitutions
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Another period for the title began at the beginning of the 19th century with the arrival of the constitutional regime. For Agustín Argüelles, an Asturian deputy in the Cortes of Cádiz, the draft of the Constitution of 1812 preserved more by "custom than by utility or precision" the title of Prince of Asturias to the heir of the Crown.<ref name="Coronas67">Coronas González 2001, p. 67.</ref> The commission responsible for the writing of the new constitution, equating the Crown Prince with the Prince of Asturias, proposed that the Cortes should recognize him immediately after announcing his birth and that upon reaching the age of 14, the prince should swear before the Cortes the defence of the Catholic faith, the preservation of the Constitution, and obedience to the King.<ref name="Coronas67"/> During discussions, some deputies proposed that the Prince should be renamed of the Spains and not of Asturias, while others wanted him to use the dignity only after his oath and not from his birth. Besides Argüelles, the Asturians Pedro Inguanzo Rivero and Alonso Cañedo Vigil, each with opposing ideologies, defended, respectively, a title of honor or a title that was purely nominal, without royal rights but consecrated by history.<ref name="Coronas6768"/> The project remained unchangedTemplate:Clarify and was finally approved.Template:Efn
The synonymy of the title "Prince of Asturias" with the heir of the throne was eliminated in the constitutions of 1837 and 1845, instead referring to the "immediate heir to the crown" (ArticleTemplate:Nbsp20 of the Constitution of 1837) and "immediate successor to the Crown", " immediate successor, "and" first-born son of the King " (articles 39, 47, and 61 of the Constitution of 1845).<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 68.</ref>
The royal decree of 30Template:NbspMay 1850 attributes to the "immediate successors to the Crown", according to the Constitution of the Monarchy, without distinction of men or women," the continued use of "Prince of Asturias".<ref>Coronas González 2001, pp. 68–69.</ref><ref>Gaceta de Madrid núm. 5782, de 30/05/1850, página 1</ref> Queen Isabella II gave birth to a daughter, Isabella, on 20 December 1851 and as a result of this decree, the newborn received the title of "Princess of Asturias". Isabella would lose this title with the birth of her brother, the future Alfonso XII, in 1857.
The Constitution of 1869 kept the traditional denomination of Prince of Asturias due to the influence of the Asturian politician José Posada Herrera.<ref name="Coronas González 2001, pp. 69–70">Coronas González 2001, pp. 69–70.</ref> Alfonso XII ascended the throne in 1874 following the end of the brief First Spanish Republic and as the infanta Isabella was the immediate heir to the Crown after her brother Alfonso, she once again became "Princess of Asturias" by royal order of 25Template:NbspMarch 1875, applying the doctrine of 1850 by granting the title of Princess without distinguishing between male or female successor.<ref name="Coronas70">Coronas González 2001, p. 70.</ref> The subsequent Constitution of 1876 omitted the title again from its provisions, similar to the constitutions of 1837 and 1845.<ref name="Coronas González 2001, pp. 69–70"/>
Alfonso's wife, Maria Christina of Austria, was expecting a child with many hoping for a male heir. A new decree dated 1Template:NbspAugust 1880, established the ceremony for the presentation of the "Prince or Infanta" as Maria Christina was close to giving birth;<ref name="Coronas70"/> the decision to formally establish the title was immediately appealed by a commission of the Provincial Delegation of Oviedo, which asked for the return of the title based on the validity of the decree of 1850. The decree establishing the ceremony for the presentation of the child was published in the Gazette of Madrid of 1Template:NbspSeptember 1880, in which the heir was referred to as Prince of Asturias.<ref name="Coronas70"/>
The royal decree of 22 August 1880 tried to clarify all the confusion and established the titles and honors of the Prince and Infantes. It was preceded by a statement of reasons in which the head of government Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, who was also a historian, sought to establish the true profile of the institution, arguing that there was an "unnecessary and inaccurate" confusion between the right of succession and the title of Prince of Asturias, that the Castilian investiture of the Principality of Asturias should not be confused with the succession to the Spanish Crown, that the single denomination of "Prince" or "Prince of these Kingdoms" be reserved, and that the legislators of Cádiz had exceeded their functions, sowing confusion in the constitutional articles. The decree established that the title had not been a creation of the Cortes, but of the King's will, and restored the "secular uses", maintaining the title of Prince for the first-born sons of the monarch, using the denomination of Asturias.<ref>Coronas González 2001, pp. 70–71.</ref><ref name="boe1">Template:Cite book</ref> The decree stated that any other immediate successor, male or female, had to be granted the title.<ref name="boe1"/>
Maria Christina gave birth to a girl on 11 September 1880, to much disappointment, and the infant was initially treated only as an infanta. Cánovas, who wanted the crown to pass to a male, ignored the baby. After considerable criticism,<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 71.</ref> the new liberal government of Práxedes Mateo Sagasta was limited to restoring the principles of the decree of 1850, granting the title of Princess of Asturias to Infanta María de las Mercedes in a royal decree dated 10Template:NbspMarch 1881.<ref>Coronas González 2001, p. 72.</ref>
Current democracy
[edit]With the restoration of the monarchy in 1975, the Royal Decree of 21Template:NbspJanuary 1977, supported by the Provincial Delegation of Oviedo, ordered that the son of King Juan Carlos I, Prince Felipe, bear the title of Prince of Asturias, in addition to those titles traditionally appertaining to the heir of the throne.<ref>Coronas González 2001, pp. 72–73.</ref> The process culminated in the promulgation of the Constitution of 1978, whose articleTemplate:Nbsp57 says that the Crown Prince will be Prince of Asturias and can use the other titles linked to his person, symbolically embodying the Spanish dynastic union.<ref name="Coronas73"/>
Titles and functions
[edit]The Prince of Asturias, as crown prince, is the first in the Line of succession to the Spanish throne, receives the treatment of Royal Highness by Royal Decree 1368/1987<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> and holds the titles inherent to that position, recognized in the articleTemplate:Nbsp57.1 of the Constitution,<ref name="Constitution"/> and which symbolize the Spanish dynastic union.<ref name="Coronas73"/> In addition to the principal of Prince of Asturias (as heir of the Crown of Castile),<ref name="Coronas53"/> the heir also has the following titles:
- Prince of Girona, Duke of Montblanc, Count of Cervera, and Lord of Balaguer as the heir of the Crown of Aragon,<ref name="Anguera86">Anguera Nolla 2008, p. 86.</ref><ref>Ferrando Badía 1990, p. 13.</ref> with origins in 1351, 1387, 1353, and 1418, respectively.
- Prince of Viana, as the heir of Kingdom of Navarre,<ref name="Anguera86"/> with origin in 1424.
He also presides over the Princess of Asturias and Princess de Girona Foundations, named Prince of Asturias and Prince of Girona when the heir is male.<ref>"Estatutos" in: Fundación Princesa de Asturias (in Spanish) [retrieved 13 December 2016].</ref><ref>"Presidencia de Honor" in: Fundación Princesa de Asturias (in Spanish) [retrieved 13 December 2016].</ref>
Upon reaching the age of majority, she or he must take an oath before the Template:Lang to faithfully carry out her duties, to keep and enforce the Constitution and laws, and to respect the rights of citizens and autonomous communities, as well as show fidelity to the King, according to ArticleTemplate:Nbsp61 of the constitution.<ref name="Constitution"/> This procedure was introduced in 1978 since, before the promulgation of this constitution, the Princes of Asturias had to receive the oath of allegiance from the Cortes.<ref name="rtve">Leonor, la niña que empieza a ser princesa in: www.rtve.es (in Spanish) [retrieved 13 December 2016].</ref> The current titular of the Principality is Leonor, who took that dignity on 19Template:NbspJune 2014, when her father, King Felipe VI, ascended to the throne following the abdication of her grandfather Juan Carlos I.<ref name="rtve"/>
List
[edit]Template:See also Following is a list of the princes of Asturias from the creation of the title in 1388, as dignity of the heir of the Crown of Castile, until today, when it has been incorporated to the set of titles historically linked to the crown prince of Spain as the main one of them:
| Image | Prince/Princess (Lifespan) |
Heir to | From | Until | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monarch's name | Monarch's relation | Year | Cause | |||
| File:Segovia Alcazar stained glass 05.jpg | Henry (1379–1406) |
John I | Father | 1388 | 1390 | Ascended the throne as Henry III |
| File:Marie Kastilie.jpg | Maria (1401–1458) |
Henry III | Father | 1402 | 1405 | Displaced by the birth of brother |
| File:Burgos - Cartuja de Miraflores - Tumba de Juan II de Castilla.jpg | John (1405–1454) |
1405 | 1406 | Ascended the throne as John II | ||
| File:Catarina de Castela, Princesa das Astúrias.jpg | Catherine (1422–1424) |
John II | Father | 1423 | 1424 | Died |
| File:Infanta Eleanor of Castile.jpg | Eleanor (1423–1425)Template:Efn |
1424 | 1425 | Displaced by the birth of brother | ||
| File:Enrique IV.jpg | Henry (1425–1474) |
1425 | 1454 | Ascended the throne as Henry IV | ||
| File:Juana la Beltraneja.jpg | Joanna (1462–1530) |
Henry IV | Father | 1462Template:Efn | 1464 | Disinherited in favour of half-uncle |
| File:Cartuja de Miraflores (Burgos) - Tumba de Alfonso de Castilla - Detalle.jpg | Alfonso (1453–1468) |
Half-brother | 1464Template:Efn | 1465 | Proclaimed King in the Farce of ÁvilaTemplate:EfnTemplate:Efn | |
| File:IsabellaofCastile03.jpg | Isabella (1451–1504) |
1468Template:Efn | 1470 | Disinherited in favour of half-niece<ref group="lower-alpha" name="Lozoya">At the Ceremony of the Val de Lozoya of 25 October 1470, Henry IV annulled the Treaty of the Bulls of Guisando and proclaimed his daughter Joanna as Princess of Asturias. Nevertheless, Isabella maintained the control of the Principality through the Count of Luna.<ref>Suárez Fernández 2003, p. 177.</ref></ref> | ||
| File:Juana la Beltraneja.jpg | Joanna (1462–1530) |
Father | 1470<ref group="lower-alpha" name="Lozoya" /> | 1474 | Crown assumed by Isabella ITemplate:Efn | |
| File:Infanta Isabel de Trastámara.jpg | Isabella (1470–1498) |
Isabella I | Mother | 1476 | 1480 | Displaced by the birth of brother |
| File:Ávila. Real Monasterio de Santo Tomás. 4 (cropped).JPG | John (1478–1497) |
1480 | 1497 | Died | ||
| File:Infanta Isabel de Trastámara.jpg | Isabella (1470–1498) |
1498 | 1498 | Died | ||
| File:Miguel de la Paza (La Virgen de los Reyes Católicos).jpg | Miguel (1498–1500) |
Grandmother | 1499 | 1500 | Died | |
| File:Juan de Flandes 003.jpg | Joanna (1479–1555) |
Mother | 1502 | 1504 | Ascended the throne as Joanna | |
| File:Bernard van Orley (1487-1541) Karel V - Koninklijk klooster van Brou 25-10-2016 10-06-36.jpg | Charles (1500–1558) |
Joanna | Mother | 1504 | 1516 | Ascended the throne as Charles I |
| File:After Anthonis Mor (1512-16-c. 1576) - Phillip II (1527-1598), King of Spain - RCIN 406044 - Royal Collection.jpg | Philip (1527–1598) |
Charles I and Joanna | Father and grandmother | 1528 | 1556 | Ascended the throne as Philip II |
| File:Alonso Sánchez Coello 005.jpg | Carlos (1545–1568) |
Philip II | Father | 1560 | 1568 | Died |
| File:Alonso Sánchez Coello - Portrait of Infante Ferdinand of Spain - Walters 37551.jpg | Ferdinand (1571–1578) |
1573 | 1578 | Died | ||
| File:DiegoSpanien.jpg | Diego (1575–1582) |
1580 | 1582 | Died | ||
| File:Juan Pantoja de la Cruz 002.jpg | Philip (1578–1621) |
1584 | 1598 | Ascended the throne as Philip III | ||
| File:Philip IV of Spain as Prince of Asturias, Bartolome Gonzalez y Serrano 003.jpg | Philip (1605–1665) |
Philip III | Father | 1608 | 1621 | Ascended the throne as Philip IV |
| File:Diego Velázquez 070.jpg | Balthasar Charles (1629–1646) |
Philip IV | Father | 1632 | 1646 | Died |
| File:Prince Philip Prospero by Diego Velázquez.jpg | Philip Prosper (1657–1661) |
1658 | 1661 | Died | ||
| File:Retrato ecuestre de Carlos II niño.jpg | Charles (1661–1700) |
1661 | 1665 | Ascended the throne as Charles II | ||
| File:Luis I, príncipe de Asturias.jpg | Louis (1707–1724) |
Philip V | Father | 1709 | 1724 | Ascended the throne as Louis I |
| File:Fernando6.jpg | Ferdinand (1713–1759) |
1724 | 1746 | Ascended the throne as Ferdinand VI | ||
| File:Anton Raphael Mengs, Prince of Asturias, Future Charles IV of Spain (са 1765) - 02.jpg | Charles (1747–1819) |
Charles III | Father | 1760 | 1788 | Ascended the throne as Charles IV |
| File:Ferdinand VII (1784–1833), When Prince of Asturias MET DT236256.jpg | Ferdinand (1784–1833) |
Charles IV | Father | 1789 | 1808 | Ascended the throne as Ferdinand VII |
| File:Doña Isabel II, niña (anónimo).jpg | Isabella (1830–1904) |
Ferdinand VII | Father | 1830 (1833)Template:Efn |
1833 | Ascended the throne as Isabella II |
| File:Isabella, Infanta of Spain and Princess of Asturias.jpg | Isabella (1851–1931) |
Isabella II | Mother | 1851 | 1857 | Displaced by the birth of brother |
| File:Alfonso XII de España, c. 1870.jpg | Alfonso (1857–1885) |
1857 | 1868 | Mother's deposition | ||
| File:Asturias - Aosta (cropped).png | Emmanuel Philibert (1869–1931) |
Amadeo | Father | 1871 | 1873 | Father's abdication |
| File:Infanta Isabella of Spain (1851–1931).jpg | Isabella (1851–1931) |
Alfonso XII | Brother | 1875 | 1880 | Displaced by the birth of niece |
| File:María de las Mercedes de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena.JPG | Mercedes (1880–1904) |
Father | 1880 | 1885 | Father died, brother born posthumously and became King at birth | |
| Alfonso XIII | Brother | 1886 | 1904 | Died | ||
| File:Crown Prince Spain (LOC) (cropped).jpg | Alfonso (1907–1938) |
Father | 1907 | 1931 (1933)Template:Efn |
Proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic | |
| File:J. de Borbón.jpg | Juan (1913–1993) |
1933 | 1941 | Received the dynastic rights from King Alfonso XIIITemplate:Efn | ||
| File:Juan Carlos de Borbón, Prince of Spain.jpg | Juan Carlos (1938–present) |
Juan | Father | 1941 | 1977 | Holder of the title in pretense;Template:Efn Prince of Spain since 1969. Ascended the throne as Juan Carlos I |
| File:Felipe de Borbón en Ecuador.jpg | Felipe (1968–present) |
Juan Carlos I | Father | 1977 | 2014 | Ascended the throne as Felipe VI |
| File:Leonor de Borbón en 2023 (cropped).jpg | Leonor (2005–present) |
Felipe VI | Father | 2014 | Present | Incumbent |
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See also
[edit]- Asturias
- Asturias, Cebu, Philippines
- Prince of Spain
- Princess of Asturias (by marriage)
- Monarchy of Spain
- Prince of Asturias Awards
- Príncipe de Asturias Peak
- Spanish aircraft carrier Príncipe de Asturias
- List of titles and honours of the Spanish Crown
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Template:Cite book
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- Template:Cite journal, n° XII.
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