Kranjska Gora

Template:Short description Template:Infobox settlement Template:Location map Kranjska Gora (Template:IPA;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Langx<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>) is a town in northwestern Slovenia, on the Sava Dolinka River in the Upper Carniola region, close to the Austrian and Italian borders. It is the seat of the Municipality of Kranjska Gora. The tripoint between Austria, Italy and Slovenia lies on the mountain of Dreiländereck, known as Peč in Slovenia.

Name

Kranjska Gora was first mentioned in written sources in 1326 as Chrainow (and as Chrainau and Chrainaw in 1363, as Cranaw and Chranaw in 1390, and as Kraynaw in 1456–61, among other names). The Slovene name Kranjska Gora is a reworking of the German name, influenced by German Krainberg 'Karawanks'.<ref name="Snoj">Template:Cite book</ref> The settlement was also called Borovska vas<ref name="Snoj"/> (or Borovska ves<ref name="Savnik">Template:Cite book</ref> or Borovška ves<ref name="KLDB">Krajevni leksikon Dravske Banovine. 1937. Ljubljana: Zveza za tujski promet za Slovenijo, p. 540.</ref>) in Slovene in the past.

History

Kranjska Gora is believed to have been settled in the 11th century by Slovenes from Carantania. It was a fief of the Counts of Ortenburg in the 12th century.<ref name="Savnik"/><ref name="KLDB"/> A trade route to Tarvisio already led through the town in the 14th century. In 1431 the Counts of Celje built a castle at Villa Bassa (now part of Tarvisio), which belonged to the town until 1848. Kranjska Gora came under Ottoman attack in 1476. A railroad connection was built to Kranjska Gora in 1870.<ref name="KLDB"/>

During the First World War, in 1916, Russian prisoners of war built a wooden chapel above the settlement<ref name="Savnik"/> commemorating their comrades killed in an avalanche while building a road over the Vršič Pass. There is a small cemetery nearby.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Commemorations take place at the chapel every year.

Mass grave

File:Savsko Naselje Mass Grave.JPG

Mass grave site

A mass grave from the end of the Second World War is found in the eastern part of the town. The Savsko Naselje Mass Grave (Template:Langx), also known as the Rušar Meadow Mass Grave (Template:Lang), contains the remains of up to 35 German soldiers killed in an engagement with the Partisans in May 1945.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Postwar period

Tourism developed further in Kranjska Gora after the Second World War. Various ski lifts were built on Mount Vitranc west of the town in 1949, 1962, 1964, and 1965, and a freight cableway was installed in 1958.<ref name="Savnik"/> Template:Clear left

Church

Template:Multiple image The Counts of Ortenburg established a church dedicated to Our Lady on the White Gravel (Template:Langx) in the 14th century,<ref name="Savnik"/> referring to the bank of the Pišnica River, which has since changed course.<ref name="KLDB"/> The current church, dedicated to the Assumption of Mary, is late Gothic in style and has typical Carinthian rib vaulting. It contains two sculptures from the second half of the 15th century and paintings by Leopold Layer (1752–1828).<ref name="Savnik"/>

Recreation

Kranjska Gora is best known as a winter sports town, being situated in the Julian Alps. It annually hosts an event in the FIS Alpine Ski World Cup series, also known as the Vitranc Cup, for the slalom and giant slalom events. The well-known ski jumping hill Planica is located in the nearby Tamar Valley.