East Horsley

Template:Short description Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox UK place

East Horsley is a village and civil parish in Surrey, England, 21 miles southwest of London, on the A246 between Leatherhead and Guildford. Horsley and Effingham Junction railway stations are on the New Guildford line to London Waterloo. The two-halves of ancient Horsley are similar in having substantial woodland and some chalky lower slopes, in the south, of the North Downs.

History

Manors

East Horsley appears in Domesday Book of 1086 as having two manors, listed under the chief manor's heading of Horslei. This was held by Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury. Its domesday assets were: 3 hides and 1½ virgates; 8½ ploughs, woodland worth 50 hogs. It rendered £5 per year to its overlords.<ref>Surrey Domesday Book Template:Webarchive</ref>

The Bishop's Manor in East Horsley seems to have belonged to the see of Exeter throughout the Middle Ages. Malden writing in 1911 associates closely the Domesday entry in Latin meaning 'Bishop Osborn of Exeter holds Woking' with this manor which his successors later held, since there is no trace of any land held by the Bishop of Exeter in Woking in pipe rolls, Assize Rolls, feet of fines or the records of Lambeth Palace.<ref name=m/>

Enclosure and development

Template:Infobox UK legislation The Template:Visible anchor (39 & 40 Geo. 3. c. 11 Template:Small) enabled William Currie MP to inclose most of Horsley Common at the northern end of the parish and the common fields and waste at the southern part, very much on the chalk. The parsonage and glebe were at the same time moved within the parish.<ref name=m/>

The village is the site of Horsley Towers, a gothic mansion designed by Sir Charles Barry (later the architect of the Houses of Parliament) for William Currie in place of an earlier building. Currie, a distiller and banker, had bought the property in 1784 and over the next 44 years made extensive changes to the village, including rebuilding most of its houses, establishing the school and restoring the church.<ref name=m>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:Ada Lovelace 1838.jpg

Ada, Lady Lovelace (writer, mathematician, and what we might call today a "computer programmer") lived at Horsley Towers<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

File:St Martin, East Horsley - Churchyard - geograph.org.uk - 4190052.jpg

The 1st Earl of Lovelace's Mausoleum in the churchyard of Martin's Church, East Horsley

After Currie's death in 1829, the property was acquired by the 1st Earl of Lovelace (1805–1893). It was the marital home of Ada, Lady Lovelace (the writer, mathematician and what today we would call a "computer programmer"). The 1st Earl of Lovelace had fifteen bridges, known as the Lovelace Bridges, constructed on his estate to facilitate the transport of timber by horse-drawn carts. The bridges were built where the tracks crossed existing bridleways or roads. Ten bridges still exist.

In the early 1900s, the 3rd Earl of Lovelace applied restrictive covenants on most of his former fields when selling these to private developers, leading to the overwhelming proportion of homes being detached. No minimum plot size is specified, and planning is controlled by Guildford Borough Council, subject to advice from the local Horsley council.

Horsley Towers was also the home of Sir Thomas Sopwith, the aviation pioneer.

Geography

The settlement is 21 miles southwest of London, partly on the A246 between Leatherhead and Guildford. As such it forms a cross between a nucleated village and dispersed settlement directly north of this road, with a wide array of medium-sized individual home plots typically of Template:Convert. Horsley and Effingham Junction railway stations are on the New Guildford line in the parish (connected to London Waterloo and both have a line direct to Leatherhead and Epsom).

The village has the parade of shops and businesses of the two Horsleys (see West Horsley), Otherwise the two halves of ancient Horsley are similar in having substantial woodland and some chalky lower slopes, in the south, of the North Downs.<ref name=os>Grid square map Ordnance survey website</ref>

Amenities

File:East Horsley - geograph.org.uk - 564267.jpg

Facing this parade is another which is timber-framed creating diversity in the village's shops with homes above

Shops and businesses

The main row of shops is near the western railway station on a local thoroughfare from the end of Forest Road towards Ockham, a small number of professions operate here, such as accountants, opticians and the NHS medical practice. A Legacy hotel is in the village.<ref>Legacy Hotels in England Template:Webarchive Retrieved 22 November 2013</ref>

The medieval church, St Martin's, is part of the Diocese of Guildford.<ref>East Horsley – St Martin The Church of England. Retrieved 22 November 2013</ref>

The Nomad Theatre is a well-equipped amateur production stage<ref>[1] Nomad Theatre Website</ref> which is behind the smaller of East Horsley's two rows of shops, Bishopsmead Parade. Its construction was largely financed by National Lottery grants from Arts Council England. The theatre opened in October 1998 with a production of Dylan Thomas's Under Milk Wood.

Demography and housing

East Horsley had 1,343 detached homes (of which 1,309 were inhabited) and fewer than 183 of any other dwelling types at the 2011 census, and a high proportion of business-owners and directors, accordingly it was deemed Britain's "richest village" by The Daily Telegraph in 2011<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and again in 2015.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

**2011 Census Homes (inhabited)**
Output area	Detached	Semi-detached	Terraced	Flats and apartments	Caravan/temporary/mobile home	Shared between households<ref name=ons/>
East Horsley (CP)	1,309	151	50	183	4	0

The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%.

**2011 Census Key Statistics**
Output area	Population	Households	% Owned outright	% Owned with a loan	hectares<ref name=ons/>
East Horsley (CP)	4,290	1,697	51.8	35.4	740<ref name=ons/>

The proportion of households in East Horsley who owned their home outright was 19.3% above the regional average. The proportion who owned their home with a loan was 0.3% greater than the regional average; providing overall a lower proportion than average of rented residential property relative to the average in Surrey, the district and the country.

**2011 Economic groups – National Statistics Socio-economic Classification**
Output area	Higher Managerial, Administrative and Professional Occupations	Lower Managerial, Administrative and Professional Occupations	Intermediate Occupations	Small Employers and Own Account Workers	Lower Supervisory and Technical Occupations	Semi-Routine Occupations	Routine Occupations	Never worked or long-term unemployed	Full-time students<ref name=ons/>
East Horsley (CP)	737	893	376	310	93	149	80	51	205<ref name=ons/>

Politics

Local government is administered by Guildford Borough Council and Surrey County Council.

At Surrey County Council, one of the 81 representatives represents the area within the Horsleys division.<ref>Electoral Divisions Template:Webarchive Surrey County Council. Retrieved 6 November 2013</ref>

At Guildford Borough Council the ward of the borough is represented by three councillors.<ref name=r>Your local councillors Guildford Borough Council. Retrieved 20 November 2013</ref>

Guildford Borough Councillors
Election<ref>[2] Returning Officer's Declaration of Result for the May 2015 Local Council Elections. Retrieved 27 October 2015</ref>		Member<ref name=r/>	Ward
style="background-color:Template:Party color" \|	May 2015	Matthew Sarti	Clandon and Horsley (formerly: Lovelace)
style="background-color:Template:Party color" \|	May 2015	Jenny Wicks
	May 2015	David Reeve