Dune buggy

File:1stMeyersManxWithBruceMeyers.jpg

Meyers Manx by Bruce Meyers

Template:Multiple image A dune buggy — also known as a beach buggy — is a recreational off-road vehicle with large wheels, and wide tires, designed for use on sand dunes, beaches, off-road or desert recreation. The design is usually a topless vehicle with a rear-mounted engine. A dune buggy can be created by modifying an existing vehicle or custom-building a new vehicle.

Design

Dune buggies are typically created by modifying an existing road vehicle,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> while sandrails are built from the ground up as a custom vehicle.

Beetle-based buggies

For dune buggies built on the chassis of a rear-engined existing vehicle, the Volkswagen Beetle has been most commonly used as the basis for the buggy, though conversions were made from other rear-engined cars (such as the Corvair and Renault Dauphine).<ref name="www.bbc.com">Template:Cite web</ref> The model is nicknamed Bug, lending partial inspiration to the term "buggy." The Beetle platform chassis was used because the rear engine layout improves traction,<ref name="www.topgear.com">Template:Cite web</ref> the air-cooled engine<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> avoids the complexities and failure points associated with a water-cooled engine, the Beetle's front torsion bar suspension was not only considered cheap and robust,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> but it was also extremely easy to alter and adjust its ride-height. Furthermore, spare parts — and donor vehicles themselves — were cheap and readily available.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> While early dune buggy conversions were left with no body, or featured custom bodies of sheet metal (such as the EMPI Sportsters and similar buggies), glass-reinforced plastic (fiberglass) bodies, developed in the 1960s, have become the standard image of the modern buggy, and come in many shapes and sizes.

The original fiberglass dune buggy was the 1964 "Meyers Manx" built by Bruce Meyers.<ref name="www.bbc.com"/> Bruce Meyers designed his fiberglass bodies as a "kit car", using the Volkswagen Beetle chassis.<ref name="www.topgear.com"/> Many other companies worldwide have been inspired by the Manx, making similar bodies and kits.<ref name="www.topgear.com"/> These types of dune buggies are known as "clones".<ref name="www.bbc.com"/>

Sandrail

Template:Main A sandrail is a lightweight vehicle similar to a dune buggy, but designed specifically for operation on open sand.

Sandrails are usually built as a spaceframe by welding steel tubes together.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The name sandrail is due to the frame "rails" present. The advantage of this method is that the fabricator can change fundamental parts of the vehicle (usually the suspension and addition of a built-in roll cage). Sandrails, as per dune buggies, often have the engine located behind the driver. Sizes can vary from a small-engine one-seat size to four-seat vehicles with eight or more cylinders.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

A similar, more recent generation of off-road vehicle, often similar in appearance to a sandrail, but designed for a different use, is the "off road go-kart". The difference may be little more than fitting all-terrain tires instead of sand tires and the much smaller size of the engine.

Military use

Because of the advantages a buggy can afford on some terrain, they are also used by the military.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The buggies built for the United States military used to be called Desert Patrol Vehicles (DPV) or Fast Attack Vehicles (FAV), and with the latest improvements are known as Light Strike Vehicles (LSV). They are used by United States Navy SEALs, the SAS, and other forces. Among the dune buggies used by the United States military is the Chenowth Advanced Light Strike Vehicle.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The US Border Patrol also uses this (although it is not a military organization).

In the United Kingdom, the SAS have used cut-down, light-weight all terrain vehicles for secret special operations "behind the lines" since early in World War II.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> A buggy was used by the British Special Air Service (SAS) forces during the Gulf War. A long-range special desert operations vehicle was developed in 1992 and nicknamed "pink panthers" because of their color,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> but these were only modified Land Rovers.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Cuba has been known to use Dune Buggies for military use.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See also

• Buggy (automobile)
• Autozodiaco
• Baja Bug
• Citroën Méhari
• EMPI Imp
• Mini Moke
• Volkswagen 181
• Yamabuggy
• Tomcar
• Watch Out, We're Mad! (Film)