Demographics of Bulgaria
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox place demographics
The demography of the Republic of Bulgaria is monitored by the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. Demographic features of the population of Bulgaria include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and others.
Bulgaria has a Human Development Index of 0.799, ranking 70th in the world in 2022<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and holds the 38th position in NewsweekTemplate:'s rankings of the world's best countries to live in, measuring health, education, political environment and economic dynamism.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Demographic history
[edit]Template:Historical populations Various estimates have put Bulgaria's medieval population at 1.1 million in 700 AD and 2.6 million in 1365.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> At the 2011 census, the population inhabiting Bulgaria was 7,364,570 in total, but the 2021 Census calculated that the population had declined to 6.5 million.<ref name="Census2011final">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="auto">Template:Cite web</ref> The peak was in 1989, the year when the borders opened after a half of a century of communist regime, when the population numbered 9,009,018.
Template:Stack Template:GraphChart
Template:GraphChart Note: Crude migration change (per 1000) is an extrapolation <ref>Note: Crude migration change % is a trend analysis, an extrapolation, based on calculation of the average population change (current year minus previous) minus natural change of the current year (see table vital statistics). As average population is an estimate of the population in the middle of the year and not end of the year, crude migration is thus an extrapolation.</ref> Template:GraphChart
Vital statistics
[edit]Vital Statistics 1875 to 1899
[edit]The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: Our World in Data and Gapminder Foundation.<ref name="ourworldindata.org">Template:Citation</ref>
| Years | 1875 | 1876 | 1877 | 1878 | 1879 | 1880<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/> |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Fertility Rate in Bulgaria | 5.16 | 5.05 | 4.95 | 4.84 | 4.73 | 4.62 |
| Years | 1881 | 1882 | 1883 | 1884 | 1885 | 1886 | 1887 | 1888 | 1889 | 1890<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/> |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Fertility Rate in Bulgaria | 4.52 | 4.92 | 5.16 | 5.16 | 5.04 | 4.37 | 5.15 | 5.05 | 4.92 | 4.7 |
| Years | 1891 | 1892 | 1893 | 1894 | 1895 | 1896 | 1897 | 1898 | 1899 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Fertility Rate in Bulgaria | 5.24 | 4.82 | 4.69 | 5.09 | 5.45 | 5.55 | 5.7 | 5.28 | 5.45 |
Vital statistics 1900 to present
[edit]<ref name="ourworldindata.org" /><ref>B.R. Mitchell. European historical statistics, 1750–1975.</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>infostat.nsi.bg, visited 18 december 2023</ref>
| Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Crude migration rate (per 1000) | Total fertility ratesTemplate:Refn | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 3,710,000 | 157,000 | 84,000 | 73,000 | 42.3 | 22.6 | 19.7 | 5.67 | |
| 1901 | 3,740,000 | 141,000 | 87,000 | 54,000 | 37.7 | 23.3 | 14.4 | 5.70 | |
| 1902 | 3,800,000 | 149,000 | 91,000 | 58,000 | 39.2 | 23.9 | 15.3 | 5.73 | |
| 1903 | 3,850,000 | 159,000 | 88,000 | 71,000 | 41.3 | 22.9 | 18.4 | 5.76 | |
| 1904 | 3,910,000 | 167,000 | 84,000 | 83,000 | 42.7 | 21.5 | 21.2 | 5.80 | |
| 1905 | 4,000,000 | 174,000 | 87,000 | 87,000 | 43.5 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 5.83 | |
| 1906 | 4,100,000 | 179,000 | 91,000 | 88,000 | 43.7 | 22.2 | 21.5 | 5.77 | |
| 1907 | 4,150,000 | 180,000 | 92,000 | 88,000 | 43.4 | 22.2 | 21.2 | 5.72 | |
| 1908 | 4,200,000 | 169,000 | 102,000 | 67,000 | 40.2 | 24.3 | 16.0 | 5.66 | |
| 1909 | 4,280,000 | 173,000 | 113,000 | 60,000 | 40.4 | 26.4 | 14.0 | 5.6 | |
| 1910 | 4,350,000 | 180,000 | 100,000 | 80,000 | 41.4 | 23.0 | 18.4 | 5.55 | |
| 1911 | 4,400,000 | 176,000 | 94,000 | 82,000 | 40.0 | 21.4 | 18.6 | 5.52 | |
| 1912 | 4,430,000 | 185,000 | 91,000 | 94,000 | 41.8 | 20.5 | 21.2 | 5.48 | |
| 1913 | 4,200,000 | 108,000 | 122,000 | -14,000 | 25.7 | 29.0 | -3.3 | 5.45 | |
| 1914 | 4,240,000 | 191,000 | 88,000 | 103,000 | 45.0 | 20.8 | 24.3 | 5.42 | |
| 1915 | 4,280,000 | 172,000 | 85,000 | 87,000 | 40.2 | 19.9 | 20.3 | 5.39 | |
| 1916 | 4,660,000 | 99,000 | 97,000 | 2,000 | 21.2 | 20.8 | 0.4 | 5.38 | |
| 1917 | 4,690,000 | 81,000 | 99,000 | -18,000 | 17.3 | 21.1 | -3.8 | 5.37 | |
| 1918 | 4,740,000 | 100,000 | 152,000 | -52,000 | 21.1 | 32.1 | -11.0 | 5.36 | |
| 1919 | 4,790,000 | 157,000 | 97,000 | 60,000 | 32.8 | 20.3 | 12.5 | 5.35 | |
| 1920 | 4,850,000 | 193,000 | 104,000 | 89,000 | 39.8 | 21.4 | 18.4 | 5.35 | |
| 1921 | 4,890,000 | 197,000 | 106,000 | 91,000 | 40.3 | 21.7 | 18.6 | 5.27 | |
| 1922 | 5,010,000 | 203,000 | 106,000 | 97,000 | 40.5 | 21.2 | 19.4 | 5.19 | |
| 1923 | 5,090,000 | 192,000 | 108,000 | 84,000 | 37.7 | 21.2 | 16.5 | 5.11 | |
| 1924 | 5,210,000 | 207,000 | 108,000 | 99,000 | 39.7 | 20.7 | 19.0 | 5.03 | |
| 1925 | 5,310,000 | 196,000 | 102,000 | 94,000 | 36.9 | 19.2 | 17.7 | 4.94 | |
| 1926 | 5,420,000 | 203,000 | 93,000 | 110,000 | 37.5 | 17.2 | 20.3 | 4.80 | |
| 1927 | 5,510,000 | 183,000 | 112,000 | 71,000 | 33.2 | 20.3 | 12.9 | 4.65 | |
| 1928 | 5,590,000 | 185,000 | 99,000 | 86,000 | 33.1 | 17.7 | 15.4 | 4.50 | |
| 1929 | 5,670,000 | 173,000 | 103,000 | 70,000 | 30.5 | 18.2 | 12.3 | 4.36 | |
| 1930 | 5,740,000 | 180,000 | 93,000 | 87,000 | 31.4 | 16.2 | 15.2 | 4.05 | |
| 1931 | 5,800,000 | 171,000 | 98,000 | 73,000 | 29.5 | 16.9 | 12.6 | 3.80 | |
| 1932 | 5,884,000 | 186,000 | 96,000 | 90,000 | 31.6 | 16.3 | 15.3 | 4.07 | |
| 1933 | 5,961,000 | 174,000 | 93,000 | 81,000 | 29.2 | 15.6 | 13.6 | 3.76 | |
| 1934 | 6,039,000 | 181,795 | 85,046 | 96,749 | 30.1 | 14.1 | 16.0 | 3.88 | |
| 1935 | 6,102,000 | 160,951 | 89,086 | 71,865 | 26.4 | 14.6 | 11.8 | 3.39 | |
| 1936 | 6,154,000 | 159,146 | 87,723 | 71,423 | 25.9 | 14.3 | 11.6 | 3.33 | |
| 1937 | 6,196,000 | 150,771 | 84,674 | 66,097 | 24.3 | 13.7 | 10.7 | 3.12 | |
| 1938 | 6,244,000 | 142,415 | 85,373 | 57,042 | 22.8 | 13.7 | 9.1 | 2.92 | |
| 1939 | 6,292,000 | 138,883 | 84,150 | 54,733 | 22.1 | 13.4 | 8.7 | 2.81 | |
| 1940 | 6,341,000 | 140,564 | 85,046 | 55,518 | 22.2 | 13.4 | 8.8 | 2.84 | |
| 1941 | 6,715,100 | 147,293 | 85,011 | 62,282 | 21.9 | 12.7 | 9.3 | 2.80 | |
| 1942 | 6,771,100 | 153,272 | 88,082 | 65,190 | 22.6 | 13.0 | 9.6 | -1,4 | 2.91 |
| 1943 | 6,827,600 | 148,840 | 88,386 | 60,454 | 21.8 | 13.0 | 8.9 | -0.6 | 2.79 |
| 1944 | 6,884,600 | 151,013 | 94,082 | 56,931 | 22.0 | 13.7 | 8.3 | 0 | 2.83 |
| 1945 | 6,942,200 | 166,960 | 103,591 | 63,369 | 24.1 | 14.9 | 9.1 | -0.8 | 3.09 |
| 1946 | 7,000,200 | 179,226 | 95,799 | 83,427 | 25.6 | 13.7 | 11.9 | -3.7 | 3.29 |
| 1947 | 7,063,700 | 169,501 | 94,395 | 75,106 | 24.0 | 13.4 | 10.7 | -1.7 | 3.06 |
| 1948 | 7,130,100 | 175,771 | 89,927 | 85,844 | 24.7 | 12.6 | 12.0 | -2.8 | 3.16 |
| 1949 | 7,195,100 | 177,734 | 84,675 | 93,059 | 24.7 | 11.8 | 12.9 | -3.9 | 3.17 |
| 1950 | 7,251,000 | 182,571 | 74,134 | 108,437 | 25.2 | 10.2 | 15.0 | -7.3 | 2.94 |
| 1951 | 7,258,200 | 152,803 | 77,364 | 75,439 | 21.1 | 10.7 | 10.4 | -9.4 | 2.45 |
| 1952 | 7,274,900 | 154,014 | 84,254 | 69,760 | 21.2 | 11.6 | 9.6 | -7.3 | 2.44 |
| 1953 | 7,346,100 | 153,220 | 68,055 | 85,165 | 20.9 | 9.3 | 11.6 | -1.9 | 2.41 |
| 1954 | 7,423,300 | 149,902 | 68,384 | 81,518 | 20.2 | 9.2 | 11.0 | -0.6 | 2.36 |
| 1955 | 7,499,400 | 150,978 | 67,960 | 83,018 | 20.1 | 9.1 | 11.1 | -0.9 | 2.41 |
| 1956 | 7,575,800 | 147,910 | 71,153 | 76,757 | 19.5 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 0 | 2.36 |
| 1957 | 7,651,300 | 141,035 | 65,807 | 75,228 | 18.4 | 8.6 | 9.8 | 0 | 2.26 |
| 1958 | 7,727,600 | 138,294 | 60,734 | 77,560 | 17.9 | 7.9 | 10.0 | -0,2 | 2.23 |
| 1959 | 7,797,800 | 136,892 | 73,850 | 63,042 | 17.5 | 9.4 | 8.1 | 0.9 | 2.23 |
| 1960 | 7,867,374 | 140,082 | 63,665 | 76,417 | 17.8 | 8.1 | 9.7 | -0.9 | 2.31 |
| 1961 | 7,943,118 | 137,861 | 62,562 | 75,299 | 17.4 | 7.9 | 9.5 | 0.1 | 2.29 |
| 1962 | 8,012,946 | 134,148 | 69,640 | 64,508 | 16.7 | 8.7 | 8.1 | 0.7 | 2.24 |
| 1963 | 8,078,145 | 132,143 | 66,057 | 66,086 | 16.4 | 8.2 | 8.2 | -0.1 | 2.21 |
| 1964 | 8,144,340 | 130,958 | 64,479 | 66,479 | 16.1 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 0 | 2.19 |
| 1965 | 8,204,168 | 125,791 | 66,970 | 58,821 | 15.3 | 8.2 | 7.2 | 0.1 | 2.09 |
| 1966 | 8,258,057 | 123,039 | 68,366 | 54,673 | 14.9 | 8.3 | 6.6 | -0.1 | 2.03 |
| 1967 | 8,310,226 | 124,582 | 74,696 | 49,886 | 15.0 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 0.3 | 2.02 |
| 1968 | 8,369,603 | 141,460 | 72,176 | 69,284 | 16.9 | 8.6 | 8.3 | -1.2 | 2.27 |
| 1969 | 8,434,172 | 143,060 | 80,183 | 62,877 | 17.0 | 9.5 | 7.5 | 0.2 | 2.27 |
| 1970 | 8,489,574 | 138,745 | 77,095 | 61,650 | 16.3 | 9.1 | 7.3 | -0.7 | 2.17 |
| 1971 | 8,536,395 | 135,422 | 82,805 | 52,617 | 15.9 | 9.7 | 6.2 | -0.7 | 2.10 |
| 1972 | 8,576,200 | 131,316 | 84,174 | 47,142 | 15.3 | 9.8 | 5.5 | -0.9 | 2.03 |
| 1973 | 8,620,967 | 139,713 | 81,470 | 58,243 | 16.2 | 9.5 | 6.8 | -1.6 | 2.15 |
| 1974 | 8,678,745 | 149,196 | 85,239 | 63,957 | 17.2 | 9.8 | 7.4 | -0.7 | 2.29 |
| 1975 | 8,720,742 | 144,668 | 89,974 | 54,694 | 16.6 | 10.3 | 6.3 | -1.5 | 2.23 |
| 1976 | 8,758,599 | 144,929 | 88,348 | 56,581 | 16.5 | 10.1 | 6.5 | -2.1 | 2.24 |
| 1977 | 8,804,183 | 141,702 | 94,362 | 47,340 | 16.1 | 10.7 | 5.4 | -0.2 | 2.21 |
| 1978 | 8,814,032 | 136,442 | 92,445 | 43,997 | 15.5 | 10.5 | 5.0 | -3.9 | 2.15 |
| 1979 | 8,825,940 | 135,358 | 94,403 | 40,955 | 15.3 | 10.7 | 4.6 | -3.3 | 2.16 |
| 1980 | 8,861,535 | 128,190 | 97,950 | 30,240 | 14.5 | 11.1 | 3.4 | 0.6 | 2.05 |
| 1981 | 8,891,117 | 124,372 | 95,441 | 28,931 | 14.0 | 10.7 | 3.3 | 0.1 | 2.00 |
| 1982 | 8,917,457 | 124,166 | 100,293 | 23,873 | 13.9 | 11.2 | 2.7 | 0.3 | 2.01 |
| 1983 | 8,939,738 | 122,993 | 102,182 | 20,811 | 13.8 | 11.4 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 2.01 |
| 1984 | 8,960,679 | 122,303 | 101,419 | 20,884 | 13.6 | 11.3 | 2.3 | 0 | 2.01 |
| 1985 | 8,960,547 | 118,955 | 107,485 | 11,470 | 13.3 | 12.0 | 1.3 | -1.3 | 1.97 |
| 1986 | 8,958,171 | 120,078 | 104,039 | 16,039 | 13.4 | 11.6 | 1.8 | -2.1 | 2.02 |
| 1987 | 8,971,359 | 116,672 | 107,213 | 9,459 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.96 |
| 1988 | 8,981,446 | 117,440 | 107,385 | 10,055 | 13.1 | 12.0 | 1.1 | 0 | 1.97 |
| 1989 | 8,876,972 | 112,289 | 106,902 | 5,387 | 12.6 | 12.0 | 0.6 | -12.2 | 1.90 |
| 1990 | 8,718,289 | 105,180 | 108,608 | -3,428 | 12.1 | 12.5 | -0.4 | -17.5 | 1.82 |
| 1991 | 8,632,367 | 95,910 | 110,423 | -14,513 | 11.1 | 12.8 | -1.7 | -8.2 | 1.66 |
| 1992 | 8,540,164 | 89,134 | 107,998 | -18,864 | 10.4 | 12.6 | -2.2 | -8.5 | 1.55 |
| 1993 | 8,472,313 | 84,400 | 109,540 | -25,140 | 10.0 | 12.9 | -3.0 | -7.7 | 1.46 |
| 1994 | 8,443,591 | 79,442 | 111,827 | -32,385 | 9.4 | 13.2 | -3.8 | 0.4 | 1.37 |
| 1995 | 8,406,067 | 71,967 | 114,670 | -42,703 | 8.6 | 13.6 | -5.1 | 0.6 | 1.23 |
| 1996 | 8,362,826 | 72,188 | 117,056 | -44,868 | 8.6 | 14.0 | -5.4 | 0.2 | 1.23 |
| 1997 | 8,312,068 | 64,125 | 121,861 | -57,736 | 7.7 | 14.7 | -6.9 | 0.8 | 1.09 |
| 1998 | 8,256,786 | 65,361 | 118,190 | -52,829 | 7.9 | 14.3 | -6.4 | -0.3 | 1.11 |
| 1999 | 8,210,624 | 72,290 | 111,786 | -39,496 | 8.8 | 13.6 | -4.8 | -0.8 | 1.23 |
| 2000 | 8,170,172 | 73,679 | 115,087 | -41,408 | 9.0 | 14.1 | -5.1 | 0.1 | 1.26 |
| 2001 | 8,009,142 | 68,180 | 112,368 | -44,188 | 8.5 | 14.0 | -5.5 | -26.0 | 1.21 |
| 2002 | 7,837,161 | 66,499 | 112,617 | -46,118 | 8.5 | 14.4 | -5.9 | -2.7 | 1.23 |
| 2003 | 7,775,327 | 67,359 | 111,927 | -44,568 | 8.7 | 14.4 | -5.7 | 0 | 1.26 |
| 2004 | 7,716,860 | 69,886 | 110,110 | -40,224 | 9.1 | 14.3 | -5.2 | 0 | 1.33 |
| 2005 | 7,658,972 | 71,075 | 113,374 | -42,299 | 9.3 | 14.8 | -5.5 | 0 | 1.37 |
| 2006 | 7,601,022 | 73,978 | 113,438 | -39,460 | 9.7 | 14.9 | -5.2 | 0 | 1.44 |
| 2007 | 7,545,338 | 75,349 | 113,004 | -37,655 | 10.0 | 15.0 | -5.0 | -0.2 | 1.49 |
| 2008 | 7,492,561 | 77,712 | 110,523 | -32,811 | 10.4 | 14.8 | -4.4 | -0.1 | 1.56 |
| 2009 | 7,444,443 | 80,956 | 108,068 | -27,112 | 10.9 | 14.5 | -3.6 | -2.1 | 1.66 |
| 2010 | 7,395,599 | 75,513 | 110,165 | -34,652 | 10.2 | 14.9 | -4.7 | -3.2 | 1.57 |
| 2011 | 7,348,328 | 70,846 | 108,258 | -37,412 | 9.6 | 14.7 | -5.1 | -18.7 | 1.51 |
| 2012 | 7,305,888 | 69,121 | 109,281 | -40,160 | 9.5 | 15.0 | -5.5 | -0.3 | 1.50 |
| 2013 | 7,160,005 | 66,578 | 104,345 | -37,767 | 9.3 | 14.6 | -5.3 | -0.2 | 1.54 |
| 2014 | 7,073,572 | 67,585 | 108,952 | -41,367 | 9.6 | 15.4 | -5.8 | -0.3 | 1.62 |
| 2015<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,984,225 | 65,950 | 110,117 | -44,167 | 9.4 | 15.8 | -6.3 | -0.6 | 1.64 |
| 2016<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,894,139 | 64,984 | 107,580 | -42,596 | 9.4 | 15.6 | -6.2 | -1.3 | 1.67 |
| 2017<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,803,468 | 63,955 | 109,791 | -45,836 | 9.4 | 16.1 | -6.7 | -0.8 | 1.71 |
| 2018<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,710,798 | 62,197 | 108,526 | -46,329 | 9.3 | 16.2 | -6.9 | -0.5 | 1.73 |
| 2019<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,616,726 | 61,538 | 108,083 | -46,545 | 9.3 | 16.3 | -7.0 | -0.3 | 1.79 |
| 2020<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,550,696 | 59,086 | 124,735 | -65,649 | 9.0 | 19.0 | -10.0 | 4.4 | 1.77 |
| 2021<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,507,301 | 58,678 | 148,995 | -90,317 | 9.0 | 22.9 | -13.9 | 1.8 | 1.80 |
| 2022<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,447,710 | 56,596 | 118,814 | -62,218 | 8.8 | 18.4 | -9.6 | -48.1 | 1.78 |
| 2023<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,445,481 | 57,197 | 101,006 | -43,809 | 8.9 | 15.7 | -6.8 | 6.4 | 1.81 |
| 2024<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 6,437,360 | 53,428 | 100,736 | -47,308 | 8.3 | 15.6 | -7.3 | 6.0 | 1.72 |
Current vital statistics
[edit]<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
| Period | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|
| January - March 2024 | 11,772 | 24,741 | -12,969 |
| January - March 2025 | 11,082 | 25,842 | -14,760 |
| Difference | Template:Decrease -690 (-5.86%) | Template:Increasenegative +1,101 (+4.45%) | Template:Decrease -1,791 |
Total fertility rates by region
[edit]| Regions | TFR |
|---|---|
| Yugoiztochen | 2.03 |
| Severozapaden | 1.91 |
| Yuzhen tsentralen | 1.75 |
| Severoiztochen | 1.63 |
| Severen tsentralen | 1.62 |
| Yugozapaden | 1.55 |
| Template:Flag | 1.72 |
Birth rates and fertility
[edit]Historical birth and fertility rates
[edit]The first reliable data about fertility and natural increase rates in the Bulgarian lands date back to the mid-1800s.
According to Turkish statistician Kemal Karpat, Non-Muslims, Bulgarians included, in the Ottoman Empire received a remarkable boost in fertility in the early 1830s. Their average growth rate climbed up to 2% per year, compared to zero among Muslims, who suffered from demographic stagnation.<ref name=KKarpat1>Template:Cite book</ref>
The same trend continued well after Bulgaria's Liberation from Ottoman rule in 1878.<ref name="Godishnik">Template:Cite journal</ref> Until the early 1890s, Muslim birth rates in Bulgaria hesitated in the low 20s, dwarfed by rates of + 40‰ among Orthodox Christians, while natural increase rates hovered around zero.<ref name="Godishnik"/> The ongoing Muslim demographic crisis and the heavy migration to Turkey were the two primary reasons for the rapid decrease in Bulgaria's Muslim and Turkish population between 1880 and 1910, from 28.7% in 1880 to 13.8% in 1910 for Muslims and from 26.2% to 10.7% for Turks.
Muslim birth and natural increase rates started climbing slowly from the late 1890s but only surpassed Orthodox ones in 1924. Nevertheless, it was not the Eastern Orthodox but rather Bulgaria's Roman Catholics that had the highest birth rate during the period, though usually offset by very high mortality rates.
| Confession | Live births per year | Birth rate | Deaths per year | Death rate | Rate of natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ‰ | Number | ‰ | ‰ | |
| Eastern Orthodox | 104,749 | 40.1 | 78,165 | 30.0 | 10.1 |
| Muslims | 14,972 | 23.3 | 13,924 | 21.8 | 1.5 |
| Jews | 1,038 | 36.6 | 684 | 24.1 | Template:Font color |
| Roman Catholics | 911 | Template:Font color | 901 | Template:Font color | Template:Font color |
| Armenian Gregorians | 210 | 31.6 | 173 | 26.2 | 5.4 |
| Protestants | 49 | Template:Font color | 35 | Template:Font color | 5.8 |
| TOTAL | 121,929 | 36.7 | 93,883 | 28.4 | 8.3 |
| Live births per year | Birth rate | Deaths per year | Death rate | Rate of natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ‰ | Number | ‰ | ‰ |
| 125,151 | Template:Font color | 70,608 | 23.4 | 18.0 |
| 20,071 | 31.2 | 15,786 | 24.5 | 6.7 |
| 1,295 | 38.5 | 551 | 16.4 | Template:Font color |
| 1,163 | 40.7 | 818 | Template:Font color | 12.1 |
| 383 | 27.7 | 298 | 21.6 | Template:Font color |
| 119 | Template:Font color | 70 | Template:Font color | 10.8 |
| 148,182 | 39.6 | 88,081 | 23.5 | 16.1 |
| Live births per year | Birth rate | Deaths per year | Death rate | Rate of natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ‰ | Number | ‰ | ‰ |
| 148,076 | 44.2 | 72,816 | 21.8 | Template:Font color |
| 23,122 | 38.3 | 14,041 | 23.3 | 15.0 |
| 1,288 | 34.2 | 518 | 13.7 | 20.5 |
| 1,321 | Template:Font color | 785 | Template:Font color | 18.1 |
| 358 | Template:Font color | 279 | 22.1 | Template:Font color |
| 182 | 32.2 | 85 | Template:Font color | 17.1 |
| 174,347 | 43.2 | 88,524 | 21.9 | 21.3 |
| Confession | Live births per year | Birth rate | Deaths per year | Death rate | Rate of natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ‰ | Number | ‰ | ‰ | |
| Eastern Orthodox | 151,155 | 41.5 | 82,006 | 23.0 | Template:Font color |
| Muslims | 23,896 | 39.7 | 15,892 | 26.4 | 13.3 |
| Jews | 1,234 | 30.8 | 532 | Template:Font color | 17.5 |
| Roman Catholics | 1,361 | Template:Font color | 857 | Template:Font color | 15.7 |
| Armenian Gregorians | 298 | 24.1 | 241 | 19.6 | Template:Font color |
| Protestants | 194 | Template:Font color | 108 | 17.3 | 12.8 |
| TOTAL | 178,138 | 41.1 | 99,636 | 23.0 | 18.1 |
| Live births per year | Birth rate | Deaths per year | Death rate | Rate of natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ‰ | Number | ‰ | ‰ |
| 159,843 | 39.3 | 85,295 | 21.0 | 18.3 |
| 24,346 | 35.2 | 16,079 | 23.3 | 11.9 |
| 1,158 | Template:Font color | 536 | Template:Font color | 14.3 |
| 1,372 | Template:Font color | 830 | Template:Font color | 15.8 |
| 298 | 27.5 | 251 | 23.1 | Template:Font color |
| 198 | 35.3 | 92 | 16.4 | Template:Font color |
| 187,233 | 38.8 | 103,083 | 21.3 | 17.5 |
| Live births per year | Birth rate | Deaths per year | Death rate | Rate of natural increase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | ‰ | Number | ‰ | ‰ |
| 156,839 | 34.3 | 82,220 | 18.0 | 16.3 |
| 31,575 | Template:Font color | 17,458 | Template:Font color | Template:Font color |
| 1,032 | Template:Font color | 515 | Template:Font color | 11.1 |
| 1,566 | 38.8 | 878 | 21.7 | 17.1 |
| 646 | 25.5 | 434 | 17.1 | Template:Font color |
| 221 | 32.8 | 108 | 16.0 | 16.8 |
| 191,890 | 35.0 | 101,613 | 18.5 | 16.5 |
In the 1930s and 1940s, ethnic Bulgarians completed stage 2 of their demographic transition, and crude birth rate among them fell to a mere 23.3‰ by 1946, or twice as low as the birth rate of Bulgaria's two largest minorities, Turks (40.9‰) and Roma (47.2‰).<ref name=Ilieva>Template:Cite journal</ref> At the same time, due to higher mortality, the rate of natural increase among Bulgarian Turks was almost identical to that among ethnic Bulgarians (12.1‰ vs. 11.1‰), while the rate among the Romani was twice as high (23.1‰).<ref name=Ilieva/>
Present-day
[edit]A total of 64,984 live births were recorded in Bulgaria in 2016, giving the country a crude birth rate of 9.1‰.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Bulgaria has a low total fertility rate of 1.58 children per woman (according to the 2021 Census). This is up significantly from the late 1990s, but still below replacement and not enough to prevent further population decline, especially with emigration. Provinces with large Roma populations (for example Sliven, Montana and Yambol) tend to have higher fertility rates (and higher death rates) compared to other areas, whereas Turkish fertility is similar to the Bulgarian majority.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The average number of (live births) children in 2021 was 1.47 for all women (aged 12 or more), ranging from 0.04 children for women between the ages of 12-19 to 1.92 children per women between the ages of 70-79. The distribution by ethnicity shows that only among women who identify themselves as belonging to the Roma ethnic group, the average number of children is sufficient for simple reproduction - 2.25 children, mainly because of the significantly younger age structure and low educational level of this group, followed by the Turkish ethnic group with 1.79 children and 1.41 children for women who self-identified as belonging to the Bulgarian ethnic.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The distribution of the average number of live births by religion changes from 1.83 children for Muslim women and 1.82 children for Protestant women, followed by 'other Christian' (1.63), Eastern Orthodox (1.43), Catholic (1.36), Jewish (1.27) and Armenian Apostolic (1.26). Women without religion had an average number of 1.40 children.
-
Birth rate in 2014
-
Fertility rate in 2013
-
Fertility rate in 2014
-
Bulgaria's deaths and births (2005–2009).
Regional differences
[edit]As of 2022, the municipality of Tvarditsa has the highest crude birth rate in the country, at 18.4‰, followed by the municipalities of Yablanitsa (17.9‰) and Nikolaevo Municipality (17.2‰). All these municipalities have relatively large Romani populations.
On the other hand, the municipalities of Georgi Damyanovo, Banite and Nevestino have incredibly low birth rates. These municipalities are almost exclusively inhabited by ethnic Bulgarians.
Teenage pregnancy
[edit]Bulgaria has one of the highest share of teenage pregnancy in Europe. Nevertheless, this number declined rapidly between 1995 and 2010, until it stabilized at around 10%.
| Number of teenage mothers in Bulgaria in the period 1990-2024<ref name="auto1">Template:Cite web</ref> | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2017 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | ||||||
| All live births in Bulgaria | 105,180 | 71,967 | 73,679 | 69,886 | 75,513 | 65,950 | 63,955 | 59,086 | 58,678 | 56,596 | 57,197 | 53,428 | ||||||
| Mothers aged under twenty | 22,518 | 16,278 | 12,787 | 10,625 | 8,411 | 6,274 | 6,038 | 5,970 | 5,861 | 5,769 | 5,820 | 5,819 | ||||||
| Share of teenage mothers | Template:Increase 21.4% | Template:Increase22.6% | Template:Decrease 17.4% | Template:Decrease 15.2% | Template:Decrease 11.1% | Template:Decrease 9.5% | Template:Decrease 9.4% | Template:Increase 10.1% | Template:Decrease 10.0% | Template:Increase 10.2% | Template:Steady 10.2% | Template:Increase 10.9% | ||||||
The ten municipalities with the largest absolute number of teenage mothers for 2022 are: Sliven (371), Sofia (345), Plovdiv (196), Pazardzhik (130), Yambol (123), Nova Zagora (121), Burgas (108), Pleven (110), Tvarditsa (98), Stara Zagora, Varna (83) and Haskovo (81).<ref name="auto1"/>
| Top ten municipalities with the highest share of mothers aged under twenty (2022)<ref name="auto1"/> | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Municipality | All live births | Births to mothers aged under twenty | % of all live births | |||||||||||||||
| Gurkovo Municipality | 54 | 25 | 46.3% | |||||||||||||||
| Simeonovgrad Municipality | 78 | 33 | 43.3% | |||||||||||||||
| Ugarchin Municipality | 75 | 32 | 42.7% | |||||||||||||||
| Yablanitsa Municipality | 99 | 40 | 40.4% | |||||||||||||||
| Tvarditsa Municipality | 243 | 98 | 40.4% | |||||||||||||||
| Kaynardzha Municipality | 63 | 25 | 39.7% | |||||||||||||||
| Straldzha Municipality | 127 | 47 | 37.0% | |||||||||||||||
| Maglizh Municipality | 101 | 36 | 35.6% | |||||||||||||||
| Sredets Municipality | 118 | 41 | 34.7% | |||||||||||||||
| Nova Zagora Municipality | 371 | 121 | 32.6% | |||||||||||||||
Life expectancy at birth
[edit]
- Total population: Template:Increase 74.83 years
- Male: Template:Increase 71.37 years
- Female: Template:Increase 78.39 years (2016-2018 est.)<ref name="nsi.bg">Template:Cite web</ref>
Average life expectancy at age 0 of the total population.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
| Period | Life expectancy in Years |
|---|---|
| 1950–1955 | 62.33 |
| 1955–1960 | Template:Increase 66.78 |
| 1960–1965 | Template:Increase 70.28 |
| 1965–1970 | Template:Increase 70.91 |
| 1970–1975 | Template:Increase 71.07 |
| 1975–1980 | Template:Increase 71.10 |
| 1980–1985 | Template:Increase 71.24 |
| 1985–1990 | Template:Increase 71.39 |
| 1990–1995 | Template:Decrease 71.11 |
| 1995–2000 | Template:Decrease 70.97 |
| 2000–2005 | Template:Increase 72.19 |
| 2005–2010 | Template:Increase 73.13 |
| 2010–2015 | Template:Increase 74.25 |
| 2016–2018 | Template:Increase 74.83 |
Kardzhali Province and Sofia City have the highest life expectancy with 76.6 years for both sexes. The lowest life expectancy is recorded in the Northwestern provinces like Montana (72.7 years), Vratsa (72.8 years) and Vidin (72.9 years).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Infant mortality rate
[edit]- Total: Template:DecreasePositive 5.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2018)<ref name="nsi.bg" />
- Male: Template:DecreasePositive 6.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2018)
- Female: Template:DecreasePositive 5.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2018)
Projections
[edit]The following forecast for the future population is an official estimate of the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria.<ref name="bul">Template:Cite web</ref>
| Year | Population |
| 2025 | 6,263,384 |
| 2030 | 6,007,657 |
| 2035 | 5,801,261 |
| 2040 | 5,637,361 |
| 2045 | 5,505,143 |
| 2050 | 5,391,291 |
| 2055 | 5,287,150 |
| 2060 | 5,189,165 |
| 2065 | 5,099,550 |
| 2070 | 5,025,580 |
| 2075 | 4,971,948 |
| 2080 | 4,937,302 |
| 2085 | 4,919,505 |
| 2090 | 4,915,423 |
Demographic statistics
[edit]Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review.<ref name=WPR2018>Template:Citation</ref>
- One birth every 8 minutes
- One death every 5 minutes
- One net migrant every 111 minutes
- Net loss of one person every 11 minutes
Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.<ref name ="cia.gov">Template:Citation Template:PD-notice</ref>
- Population
- 6,519,789 (Sept 2021 cens)
- 6,919,180 (July 2021 est.)
- 7,057,504 (July 2018 est.)
- Ethnic groups
- Bulgarian 76.9%, Turkish/Balkan Gagauz 8%, Romani 4.4%, other 0.7% (including Russian, Armenian, and Vlach), other (unknown) 10% (2011 est.)
- note: Romani populations are usually underestimated in official statistics and may represent 9–11% of Bulgaria's population
- Languages
- Bulgarian (official) 76.8%, Balkan Gagauz 8.2%, Romani 3.8%, other 0.7%, unspecified 10.5% (2011 est.)
- Religions
- Eastern Orthodox 59.4%, Muslim 7.8%, other (including Catholic, Protestant, Armenian Apostolic Orthodox, and Jewish) 1.7%, none 3.7%, unspecified 27.4% (2011 est.)
- Age structure
- 0-14 years: 14.52% (male 520,190 /female 491,506)
- 15-24 years: 9,4% (male 340,306 /female 312,241)
- 25-54 years:42.87% (male 1,538,593 /female 1,448,080)
- 55-64: 13.15% (male 433,943 /female 482,784)
- 65 years and over: 20.06% (male 562,513 /female 835,065) (2020 est.)
- 0-14 years: 14.6% (male 530,219 /female 500,398)
- 15-24 years: 9.43% (male 346,588 /female 318,645)
- 25-54 years: 43.12% (male 1,565,770 /female 1,477,719)
- 55-64 years: 13.3% (male 442,083 /female 496,888)
- 65 years and over: 19.54% (male 557,237 /female 821,957) (2018 est.)
- Median age
- total: 43.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 20
- male: 41.9 years
- female: 45.6 years (2020 est.)
- total: 43 years. Country comparison to the world: 22nd
- male: 41.2 years
- female: 44.9 years (2018 est.)
- Birth rate
- 8.15 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 218th
- 8.5 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 215th
- Death rate
- 14.52 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd
- 14.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 4th
- Total fertility rate
- 1.49 children born/woman (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world:204th
- 1.47 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 201st
- Net migration rate
- -0.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country compy to the world:115
- Population growth rate
- -0.67% (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 229th
- Mother's mean age at first birth
- 27.1 years (2017 est.)
- Dependency ratios
- total dependency ratio: 56.6 (2020 est.)
- youth dependency ratio: 23 (2020 est.)
- elderly dependency ratio: 33.6 (2020 est.)
- potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)
- Urbanization
- urban population: 75.7% of total population (2020)
.rate of urbanization: -0.22% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
- potential support ratio: 3.3 (2015 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 75.3 years. Country comparison to the world: 122th
- male: 72.08 years
- female: 78.73 years (2021 est.)
- Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
- total population: 98.4%
- male: 98.7%
- female: 98.1% (2015 est.)
- School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
- total: 14 years
- male: 14 years
- female: 14 years (2016)
- Unemployment, youth ages 15–24
- total: 12.7%. Country comparison to the world: 108th
- male: 13.2%
- female: 13.9% (2018 est.)
Sex ratio
[edit]Of the total 7,364,570 as of 2011, 3,586,571 are males and 3,777,999 are females, or there are 1,053 women for every 1,000 men.
Demographic policies
[edit]The progressive decrease of the Bulgarian population is hindering economic growth and welfare improvement, and the management measures taken to mitigate the negative consequences do not address the essence of the problem. The Government implemented a program for the period 2017 - 2021, the first one aimed at reversing this trend. The program identifies the priority means for achieving this goal: measures to increase the birth rate, reduce youth emigration, and build up regulatory and institutional capacity to implement a modern immigration policy tailored to the needs of Bulgarian business.<ref>L. Ivanov. Demographic priorities and goals of the Government Program 2017–2021. Presentation at the round table Demographic Policies and Labour Mobility organized by the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, and the State Agency for the Bulgarians Abroad. Sofia, 19 September 2017. 4 pp.</ref><ref>L. Ivanov. Measures to solve demographic problems. Business Club Magazine. Issue 11, 2017. pp. 18-20. Template:ISSN (in Bulgarian and English)</ref>
Ethnic groups
[edit]| Ethnic group | census 1900 | census 1905 | census 1910 | census 1920 | census 1926 | census 1934 | census 1946 | census 1956 | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |||||||||||
| Bulgarians<ref name="1900-2011">Template:Cite web</ref> | 2,888,219 | 77.1 | 3,203,810 | 79.4 | 3,518,756 | 81.1 | 4,036,056 | 83.3 | 4,557,706 | 83.2 | 5,204,217 | 85.6 | 5,903,580 | 84.0 | 6,506,541 | 85.5 | ||||||||||
| Turks<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 531,240 | 14.2 | 488,010 | 12.1 | 465,641 | 10.7 | 520,339 | 10.7 | 577,552 | 10.5 | 591,193 | 9.7 | 675,500 | 9.6 | 656,025 | 8.6 | ||||||||||
| Roma<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 89,549 | 2.4 | 99,004 | 2.5 | 122,296 | 2.8 | 98,451 | 2.0 | 134,844 | 2.5 | 149,385 | 2.5 | 170,011 | 2.4 | 197,8651 | 2.6 | ||||||||||
| Romanians | 71,063 | 1.9 | 75,773 | 1.9 | 79,429 | 1.8 | 57,312 | 1.2 | 69,080 | 1.2 | 16,504 | 0.3 | 2,459 | 0.0 | 3,749 | 0.0 | ||||||||||
| Greeks | 66,635 | 1.8 | 63,487 | 1.6 | 43,275 | 1.0 | 42,074 | 0.9 | 10,564 | 0.2 | 9,601 | 0.2 | 3,623 | 0.0 | 7,437 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
| Jews | 33,661 | 0.9 | 37,663 | 0.9 | 40,133 | 0.9 | 43,209 | 0.9 | 46,558 | 0.8 | 48,565 | 0.8 | 44,209 | 0.6 | 6,027 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
| Tatars | 18,884 | 0.5 | 17,942 | 0.4 | 18,228 | 0.4 | 4,905 | 0.1 | 6,191 | 0.1 | 8,133 | 0.1 | 5,993 | 0.1 | ||||||||||||
| Armenians | 14,581 | 0.4 | 14,178 | 0.4 | 12,932 | 0.3 | 11,509 | 0.2 | 27,332 | 0.5 | 25,963 | 0.4 | 21,637 | 0.3 | 21,954 | 0.3 | ||||||||||
| Gagauzes | 10,175 | 0.3 | 9,329 | 0.2 | 3,669 | 0.1 | 4,362 | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Sarakatsani3 | 6,128 | 0.2 | 7,251 | 0.2 | 3,075 | 0.1 | 2,866 | 0.0 | 2,085 | 0.0 | ||||||||||||||||
| Russians | 1,685 | 0.0 | 3,275 | 0.2 | 2,505 | 0.2 | 9,080 | 0.2 | 19,706 | 0.4 | 11,928 | 0.2 | 13,200 | 0.2 | 10,551 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
| Macedonians<ref>Georgeoff, Peter John (with David Crowe), "National Minorities in Bulgaria, 1919–
1980" in Horak, Stephen, ed., Eastern European National Minorities 1919/1980: A Handbook, (Littleton, Co: Libraries Limited, Inc.).</ref> |
- | - | - | - | - | - | 169,5442 | 2.4 | 187,7892 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||
| Others | 15,602 | 0.2 | 13,199 | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Undeclared | 0 | - | 0 | - | 0 | - | 0 | - | 0 | - | 0 | - | 0 | - | 0 | - | ||||||||||
| Total | 3,744,283 | 4,035,575 | 4,337,513 | 4,846,971 | 5,528,741 | 6,077,939 | 7,029,349 | 7,613,709 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Template:Smalldiv | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ethnic group | census 1965 | census 1975 | census 19851 | census 1992<ref name="EU">Template:Cite web</ref> | census 2001<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |||
| Bulgarians<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 7,231,243 | 87.9 | 7,930,024 | 90.9 | 7,271,185 | 85.7 | 6,655,210 | 83.9 | ||||
| Turks<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 780,928 | 9.5 | 730,728 | 8.4 | 800,052 | 9.4 | 746,664 | 9.4 | ||||
| Roma<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 148,8742 | 1.8 | 18,3232 | 0.2 | 313,396 | 3.7 | 370,908 | 4.7 | ||||
| Armenians | 20,282 | 0.2 | 14,526 | 0.2 | 13,677 | 0.2 | 10,832 | 0.1 | ||||
| Russians | 10,815 | 0.1 | 17,139 | 0.2 | 15,595 | 0.2 | ||||||
| "Vlachs"Template:Small | 5,159 | 0.1 | 10,566 | 0.1 | ||||||||
| Sarakatsani3 | 5,144 | 0.1 | 4,107 | 0.1 | ||||||||
| Ukrainians | 1,864 | 0.0 | 2,489 | 0.0 | ||||||||
| Macedonians | 9,632 | 0.1 | 10,803 | 0.1 | 5,071 | 0.1 | ||||||
| Greeks | 8,241 | 0.1 | 4,930 | 0.1 | 3,408 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Jews | 5,108 | 0.1 | 3,076 | 3,461 | 0.0 | 1,363 | 0.0 | |||||
| Romanians | 2,491 | 0.0 | 1,088 | 0.0 | ||||||||
| Tatars | 6,430 | 0.1 | 5,963 | 0.1 | 4,515 | 0.1 | 1,803 | 0.0 | ||||
| Gagauzes | 1,478 | 0.0 | 540 | 0.0 | ||||||||
| Others | 25,131 | 0.3 | 23,542 | 0.3 | 12,342 | 0.2 | ||||||
| Undeclared | 0 | 0 | 8,481 | 0.1 | 62,108 | 0.8 | ||||||
| Unshown | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24,807 | 0.3 | |||||||
| Total | 8,227,966 | 8,727,771 | 8,948,649 | 8,487,317 | 7,932,984 | |||||||
| Template:Smalldiv | ||||||||||||
| Ethnic group | census 2011<ref name="1900-2011" /> | census 2021<ref name="Infostat">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="NSI3">Template:Cite web</ref> | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Template:Font color | Number | % | Template:Font color | |||||||
| Bulgarians<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 5,664,624 | 76.92 | Template:Font color | 5,118,494 | 78.51 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Turks<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 588,318 | 7.99 | Template:Font color | 508,378 | 7.80 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Roma<ref name="1900-2011" /> | 325,343 | 4.42 | Template:Font color | 266,720 | 4.09 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Russians | 9,978 | 0.14 | Template:Font color | 14,218 | 0.22 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Armenians | 6,552 | 0.09 | Template:Font color | 5,306 | 0.08 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| "Vlachs" | 3,684 | 0.05 | Template:Font color | 1,643 | 0.03 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Sarakatsani | 2,556 | 0.03 | Template:Font color | 2,071 | 0.03 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Ukrainians | 1,789 | 0.02 | Template:Font color | 3,239 | 0.05 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Macedonians | 1,654 | 0.02 | Template:Font color | 1,143 | 0.02 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Greeks | 1,379 | 0.02 | Template:Font color | 1,625 | 0.02 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Jews | 1,162 | 0.02 | Template:Font color | 1,153 | 0.02 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Romanians | 891 | 0.01 | Template:Font color | 683 | 0.01 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Tatars | 1,129 | 0.2 | Template:Font color | |||||||||
| Gagauzes | 40 | 0.0 | Template:Font color | |||||||||
| Others | 19,659 | 0.27 | Template:Font color | 46,7962 | 0.62 | Template:Font color | ||||||
| Undeclared | 736,981 | 10.00 | - | 79,513 | 1.22 | - | ||||||
| No return/Data borrowed from administrative sources |
- | - | - | 467,678 | 7.1 | - | ||||||
| Total | 7,364,570 | 6,519,789 | ||||||||||
| 1 Percentages in parentheses are calculated only based on the number of people who answered the ethnicity question (6,680,980 for 2011 and 6,052,111 for 2021) and do not cover people whose data has been collected from administrative databases. 2Includes, among other things, 2,894 Englishmen, 865 Italians, 824 Poles, etc. etc. | ||||||||||||
The following table shows the ethnic composition of all Provinces of Bulgaria according to the 2021 census:
Template:Table alignment
| Province | Bulgarian | Turkish | Romani | Other | Undeclared | Unknown1, 2 | Total | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |||
| Blagoevgrad Province | 236,951 | 81.9 | 14,028 | 4.8 | 12,138 | 4.2 | 11,197 | 3.8 | 3,768 | 1.3 | 13,965 | 4.8 | 292,227 | 100.0 | ||
| Burgas Province | 280,388 | 73.7 | 47,286 | 12.4 | 14,893 | 3.9 | 5,992 | 1.6 | 5,805 | 1.5 | 25,922 | 6.8 | 380,286 | 100.0 | ||
| Dobrich Province | 109,041 | 72.6 | 18,835 | 12.5 | 10,118 | 6.8 | 2,035 | 1.4 | 1,304 | 1.3 | 8,813 | 5.9 | 150,146 | 100.0 | ||
| Gabrovo Province | 89,394 | 90.9 | 4,723 | 4.8 | 792 | 0.8 | 735 | 0.7 | 1,068 | 1.1 | 1,675 | 1.9 | 98,387 | 100.0 | ||
| Haskovo Province | 154,088 | 72.8 | 25,555 | 12.1 | 12,572 | 5.9 | 1,764 | 0.8 | 2,254 | 1.1 | 15,332 | 7.2 | 211,565 | 100.0 | ||
| Kardzhali Province | 37,383 | 26.5 | 83,280 | 59.0 | 1,354 | 1.0 | 2,130 | 1.5 | 4,909 | 3.5 | 12,121 | 8.6 | 141,177 | 100.0 | ||
| Kyustendil Province | 101,735 | 91.0 | 56 | 0.0 | 6,555 | 5.9 | 329 | 0.3 | 509 | 0.5 | 2,552 | 2.3 | 111,736 | 100.0 | ||
| Lovech Province | 103,484 | 88.9 | 2,789 | 2.4 | 4,999 | 4.3 | 407 | 0.3 | 2,202 | 1.9 | 2,513 | 2.2 | 116,394 | 100.0 | ||
| Montana Province | 99,539 | 83.0 | 136 | 0.1 | 13,130 | 10.9 | 381 | 0.3 | 984 | 0.8 | 5,780 | 4.8 | 119,950 | 100.0 | ||
| Pazardzhik Province | 184,677 | 80.4 | 6,782 | 3.0 | 14,320 | 6.2 | 4,686 | 2.0 | 2,189 | 1.0 | 17,160 | 7.5 | 229,814 | 100.0 | ||
| Pernik Province | 107,459 | 94.1 | 128 | 0.1 | 3,554 | 3.1 | 388 | 0.3 | 718 | 0.6 | 1,925 | 1.7 | 114,162 | 100.0 | ||
| Pleven Province | 200,197 | 88.5 | 5,367 | 2.4 | 6,999 | 3.1 | 937 | 0.4 | 1,829 | 0.8 | 10,791 | 4.8 | 226,120 | 100.0 | ||
| Plovdiv Province | 513,249 | 80.9 | 39,585 | 6.2 | 26,296 | 4.1 | 5,004 | 0.8 | 8,134 | 1.3 | 42,229 | 6.7 | 634,497 | 100.0 | ||
| Razgrad Province | 38,873 | 37.7 | 49,318 | 47.8 | 5,806 | 5.6 | 1,957 | 1.9 | 1,915 | 1.9 | 5,363 | 5.2 | 103,223 | 100.0 | ||
| Ruse Province | 148,845 | 76.9 | 23,958 | 12.4 | 7,041 | 3.6 | 2,060 | 1.1 | 2,315 | 1.2 | 9,264 | 4.8 | 193,483 | 100.0 | ||
| Shumen Province | 81,907 | 54.1 | 44,263 | 29.2 | 11,268 | 7.4 | 2,118 | 1.4 | 1,872 | 1.2 | 10,037 | 6.6 | 151,465 | 100.0 | ||
| Silistra Province | 51,579 | 52.8 | 34,392 | 35.7 | 5,244 | 5.4 | 694 | 0.7 | 793 | 0.8 | 5,068 | 5.2 | 97,770 | 100.0 | ||
| Sliven Province | 115,607 | 66.9 | 13,217 | 7.7 | 23,918 | 13.9 | 1,861 | 1.1 | 1,691 | 1.0 | 16,396 | 9.5 | 172,690 | 100.0 | ||
| Smolyan Province | 86,818 | 90.2 | 3,049 | 3.2 | 483 | 0.5 | 3,589 | 3.7 | 1,609 | 1.7 | 736 | 0.73 | 96,284 | 100.0 | ||
| Sofia City | 1,058,553 | 83.1 | 5,881 | 0.5 | 13,960 | 1.1 | 13,766 | 1.1 | 16,086 | 1.2 | 166,044 | 13.0 | 1,274,290 | 100.0 | ||
| Sofia Province | 204,662 | 88.2 | 342 | 0.1 | 11,380 | 4.9 | 742 | 0.3 | 1,459 | 0.6 | 13,404 | 5.8 | 231,989 | 100.0 | ||
| Stara Zagora Province | 239,770 | 80.9 | 12,170 | 4.1 | 18,158 | 6.1 | 2,465 | 0.8 | 2,929 | 1.0 | 21,015 | 7.1 | 296,507 | 100.0 | ||
| Targovishte Province | 46,455 | 47.3 | 34,279 | 34.9 | 5,980 | 6.1 | 2,828 | 2.9 | 2,091 | 2.1 | 6,061 | 6.2 | 98,144 | 100.0 | ||
| Varna Province | 352,886 | 81.6 | 25,678 | 5.9 | 9,634 | 2.2 | 7,664 | 1.8 | 6,187 | 1.4 | 30,149 | 7.0 | 432,198 | 100.0 | ||
| Veliko Tarnovo Province | 178,491 | 86.1 | 11,348 | 5.5 | 3,655 | 1.8 | 1,652 | 0.8 | 2,314 | 1.1 | 9,911 | 4.8 | 207,371 | 100.0 | ||
| Vidin Province | 68,143 | 90.4 | 65 | 0.0 | 5,055 | 6.7 | 345 | 0.5 | 306 | 0.4 | 1,494 | 2.0 | 75,408 | 100.0 | ||
| Vratsa Province | 137,587 | 90.0 | 424 | 0.3 | 10,132 | 6.6 | 444 | 0.3 | 1,629 | 1.1 | 2,587 | 1.7 | 152,813 | 100.0 | ||
| Yambol Province | 90,733 | 82.7 | 994 | 0.9 | 7,116 | 6.5 | 836 | 0.8 | 643 | 0.6 | 9,371 | 8.5 | 109,693 | 100.0 | ||
| Republic of Bulgaria | 5,118,494 | 78.5 | 508,378 | 7.8 | 266,720 | 4.1 | 79,006 | 1.2 | 79,513 | 1.2 | 467,678 | 7.2 | 6,519,789 | 100.0 | ||
Languages
[edit]
| Mother tongue |
census 1880<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Kalionski, Alexei. Communities, Identities and Migrations in Southeast Europe Collected Articles. Anamnesis. Template:ISBN, p. 48</ref> | census 1887<ref>6.1 European population committee (CDPO) The demographic characteristics of national minorities in certain European States The demographic characteristics of the main ethnic/national minorities in Bulgaria CM(99)138 Addendum 2 (restricted) 27 October 1999</ref> | census 1892<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Bulgarian | 1,345,507 | 67.0 | 2,326,250 | 73.7 | 2,505,326 | 75.7 |
| Turkish/Gagauz | 527,284 | 26.3 | 607,331 | 19.3 | 569,728 | 17.2 |
| "Vlach" | 49,070 | 2.4 | ||||
| Romanian | 62,628 | 1.9 | ||||
| Roma | 37,600 | 1.9 | 50,291 | 1.6 | 52,132 | 1.6 |
| Ladino | 14,020 | 0.7 | 27,531 | 0.8 | ||
| Tatar | 12,376 | 0.6 | 16,290 | 0.5 | ||
| Greek | 11,152 | 0.6 | 58,326 | 1.8 | 58,518 | 1.8 |
| Armenian | 3,837 | 6,445 | 0.2 | |||
| Serbo-Croatian | 1,894 | |||||
| Serbian | 818 | |||||
| German/Yiddish | 1,280 | |||||
| German | 3,620 | |||||
| Russian | 1,123 | 928 | ||||
| Albanian | 530 | |||||
| Italian | 515 | 803 | ||||
| Hungarian | 220 | |||||
| Czech | 174 | |||||
| French | 164 | 356 | ||||
| Arabic | 97 | |||||
| Polish | 92 | |||||
| English | 64 | |||||
| Circassian | 63 | |||||
| Persian | 58 | |||||
| Others | 402 | 4,425 | ||||
| Unknown | 1,165 | |||||
| Total | 2,007,919 | 3 154 375 | 3,310,713 | |||
| Territory (km2) | 63,752 | 95,223 | 95,223 | |||
The 2001 census defines an ethnic group as a "community of people, related to each other by origin and language, and close to each other by mode of life and culture"; and one's mother tongue as "the language a person speaks best and usually uses for communication in the family (household)".<ref name="culturalpolicies.net">Template:Cite web</ref> According to the 2011 census, among the Bulgarians 99.4% indicate Bulgarian as a mother tongue, 0.3% - Turkish/Balkan gagauz, 0.1% - Roma and 0.1% others; among Turks 96.6% have pointed the Turkish/Balkan Gagauz as a mother tongue and 3.2% - Bulgarian; among the Roma 85% indicate Roma language as a mother tongue, 7.5% - Bulgarian, 6.7% - Turkish/Balkan gagauz and 0.6% - Romanian.
Religion
[edit]Bulgaria's traditional religion according to the constitution is the Orthodox Christianity, while Bulgaria is a secular state too. Since the last two censuses (2001 and 2011) provide widely divergent results, they are both shown in the table below. It is noteworthy that over a fifth of the population chose not to respond to this question in the 2011 census.
| 2001<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | 2011<ref name=Census2011final /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | |
| Orthodox Christian | 82.6% | 59.4% |
| Muslim | 12.2% | 7.8% (7.4% Sunni; 0.4% Shia) |
| Catholic | 0.6% | 0.7% |
| Protestant | 0.5% | 0.9% |
| Other | 0.2% | 0.15% |
| None | 3.9% | 9.3% |
| No response | - | 21.8% |
The results of the Bulgarian 2011 Census, in which the indication of answer regarding the question for confession was optional, are as follows:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
| Group | Population | % of declared | % of total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Orthodoxy | 4,374,135 | 76.0% | 59.4% |
| Undeclared | 1,606,269 | - | 21.8% |
| Irreligion | 682,162 | 11.8% | 9.3% |
| Islam | 577,139 | 10.0% | 7.8% |
| Protestantism | 64,476 | 1.1% | 0.9% |
| Roman Catholicism | 48,945 | 0.8% | 0.7% |
| Oriental Orthodoxy | 1,715 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Jews | 706 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Others | 9,023 | 0.2% | 0.1% |
| Figure of percentage | - | 5,758,301 | 7,364,570 |
The results of the Bulgarian 2001 Census by ethnic groups, the latest census in which the indication of identification (whether by confession or as irreligious) in the question for confession was obligatory, are as follows:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
| Ethnic groups by confession |
Total | Bulgarians | Turks | Roma | Others | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Orthodoxy | 6,552,751 | 82.6 | 6,315,938 | 94.9 | 5,425 | 0.7 | 180,326 | 48.6 | 51,062 | |
| Islam | 966,978 | 12.2 | 131,531 | 2.0 | 713,024 | 95.5 | 103,436 | 27.9 | 18,987 | |
| Irreligion | 308,116 | 3.9 | 151,008 | 2.3 | 23,146 | 3.1 | 59,669 | 16.1 | ||
| Roman Catholicism | 43,811 | 0.6 | 37,811 | 0.6 | 2,561 | 0.3 | ||||
| Protestantism | 42,308 | 0.5 | 14,591 | 0.2 | 2,066 | 0.3 | 24,651 | 6.6 | 1,000 | |
| Others | 14,937 | 0.2 | 4,331 | 0.1 | 442 | 0.1 | ||||
| Total population | 7,928,901 | 100.0 | 6,655,210 | 100.0 | 746,664 | 100.0 | 370,908 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |
| Religion | census 1900 | census 1910 | census 1920 | census 1926 | census 1934 | census 1992 | census 2001 | census 2011 | census 2021 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Orthodoxy | 3,019,999 | 80.6 | 3,643,918 | 84.0 | 4,062,097 | 83.8 | 4,569,074 | 83.4 | 5,128,890 | 84.4 | 7,274,592 | 85.7 | 6,552,751 | 82.6 | 4,374,135 | 59.4 | 4,091,780 | 62.8 |
| Islam | 643,300 | 17.2 | 602,078 | 13.8 | 690,734 | 14.2 | 789,296 | 14.4 | 821,298 | 13.5 | 1,110,295 | 13.0 | 966,978 | 12.2 | 577,139 | 7.8 | 638,708 | 9.8 |
| Protestantism | 4,524 | 0.1 | 6,335 | 0.1 | 5,617 | 0.1 | 6,735 | 0.1 | 8,371 | 0.1 | 21,878 | 0.2 | 42,308 | 0.5 | 64,476 | 0.9 | 69,852 | 1.1 |
| Roman Catholicism | 28,569 | 0.8 | 32,150 | 0.7 | 34,072 | 0.7 | 40,347 | 0.7 | 45,704 | 0.7 | 53,074 | 0.6 | 43,811 | 0.5 | 48,945 | 0.7 | 38,709 | 0.6 |
| Jews | 33,663 | 0.9 | 40,067 | 0.9 | 43,232 | 0.9 | 46,431 | 0.8 | 48,398 | 0.8 | 2,580 | 0.0 | 706 | 0.0 | 1,736 | 0.0 | ||
| Armenian Apostolic Church | 13,809 | 0.4 | 12,259 | 0.3 | 10,848 | 0.2 | 25,402 | 0.5 | 23,476 | 0.4 | 9,672 | 0.1 | 1,715 | 0.0 | 5,002 | 0.1 | ||
| Others | 326 | 0.0 | 14,937 | 0.2 | 9,023 | 0.1 | 6,451 | 0.1 | ||||||||||
| Irreligion | 272,264 | 3.7 | 305,102 | 4.7 | ||||||||||||||
| Undeclared | 93 | 0.0 | 308,116 | 3.9 | 408,989 | 5.6 | 731,841 | 11.2 | ||||||||||
| Borrowed from adm. sources | 308,116 | 3.9 | 1,606,269 | 21.8 | 616,681 | 9.5 | ||||||||||||
| Total | 3,744,283 | 4,337,513 | 4,846,971 | 5,478,741 | 6,077,939 | 8,487,317 | 7,928,901 | 7,364,570 | 6,519,789 | |||||||||
Migration
[edit]Historical migration
[edit]The first censuses of the Principality of Bulgaria and the autonomous province of Eastern Rumelia in 1880 recorded 31,786 and 17,970 Bulgarian refugees from Macedonia and Ottoman Thrace, respectively, who accounted for 1.38% of the population of the Principality an 2.20% of the population of the autonomous province, respectively.<ref name="1881 Census">Template:Citation</ref><ref name="Balev">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Thrace">Template:Cite book</ref> The census of the Principality also counted a total of 37,635 people, or 1.88% of the population, born in a country other than the Ottoman Empire, mostly Bulgarians from Romania, Northern Dobruja and Bessarabia.<ref name="1881 Census"/> By 1887, when the first joint census of the Principality and the autonomous province was conducted following their peaceful unification in 1885, the number of the refugees from the Ottoman Empire had grown to 54,462 people, or 1.73% of the population, while the rest of the foreign-born population had fallen to 31,637 people, 9,831 of whom born in the Russian Empire, 11,843 in Romania, 2,690 in Serbia and 7,273 elsewhere.<ref name="1887 Census">Template:Citation</ref>
According to the 1910 census, 300,000 or almost 10% of the ethnic Bulgarians were born in another Bulgarian municipality than the one they were enumerated in. The same data shows that the foreign-born ethnic Bulgarians numbered 78,000, or 2% of them, most numerous of whom were the 61,000 Ottoman-born, 9,000 Romanian-born and by less than 2,000 Austro-Hungarian, Serbian and Russian-born.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> By the 1926 census, there had been 253,000 refugees with granted households and land or citizenship but with many more in towns of uncertain number. 35% came from Eastern Thrace, 30% came from Greek Macedonia, another 18% from Western Thrace, 8% from Dobruja, 4% from the Western Outlands, 3% from Asia Minor, and 2% from North Macedonia. They constituted 6% of the country's population. In 1940, 70,000 Bulgarians were exchanged from Northern Dobruja. The total number of refugees in 1878-1940 is estimated at between 700,000 and 1,200,000.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1950-1951, around 150,000 Turks left Bulgaria for Turkey, and again in 1989.
-
Percentage of Bulgarians born in a different municipality of Bulgaria calculated from the total of the ethnic Bulgarians in 1910
-
Percentage of foreign-born Bulgarians calculated from the total of the ethnic Bulgarians in 1910
-
Percentage of Bulgarians born in Greek Macedonia and North Macedonia in 1946 calculated from the total of the ethnic Bulgarians
-
Part of the Bulgarians born in East Thrace, West Thrace and Asia Minor in 1946 calculated from the total of the ethnic Bulgarians
-
Part of the Bulgarians born in Northern Dobruja, Romania and Serbia in 1946 calculated from the total of the ethnic Bulgarians
-
Foreign born as a part of the ethnic Bulgarians in 1946
Current migration
[edit]According to the 2011 census Russian citizens are the most numerous foreigners - 11 991, followed by 8 444 EU citizens (UK- 2 605, Greece - 1 253, Germany- 848, Poland - 819 and Italy - 456), citizens of Ukraine - 3 064, North Macedonia - 1 091, Moldova - 893 and Serbia - 569. 22.8% of them are from Asia, mostly from Turkey. Those with dual Bulgarian and other citizenship were 22 152, or 0.3% of the population. Of them persons with Bulgarian and Russian citizenship were 5 257 (23.7%), followed by persons with Bulgarian and Turkish citizenship - 4 282 (19.3%), Bulgarian and citizenship of the USA- 1 725 (7.8%). There are at least 17,527 Refugees of the Syrian Civil War with applications in Bulgaria. In 2001-2015 185,447 people applied for Bulgarian citizenship and 116,222 were provided with. 113,647 were granted on grounds of proven Bulgarian ancestry, including 59,968 North Macedonia citizens. 29,218 were Moldovan citizens, 5930 Ukrainians, 5374 Serbians, 5194 Russians, 3840 Israeli, 2192 Albanians, 692 Turks and others.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2016, 12,880 foreigners were naturalized, including 6196 Macedonians.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
| Nationality | 2011 | 2021 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | |
| Template:Flagicon Bulgarians | 7,327,847 | 99.50% | 6,459,248 | 99.07% |
| Foreigners | 36,723 | 0.50% | 60,541 | 0.93% |
| Template:Flagicon EU-27 | 8,444 | 0.11% | 10,549 | 0.16% |
| Other European | 18,413 | 0.15% | 35,901 | 0.55% |
| Africa | 429 | 0.01% | 940 | 0.01% |
| Central and South America | 338 | 0.00% | 518 | 0.01% |
| North America | 588 | 0.01% | 776 | 0.01% |
| Asia | 8,403 | 0.11% | 10,466 | 0.16% |
| Oceania | 62 | 0.00% | 88 | 0.00% |
| Stateless | 46 | 0.00% | 1,303 | 0.02% |
| Total | 7,364,570 | 6,519,789 | ||
| Nationality | 2011 | 2021 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | |
| Template:Flag | 11,911 | 32.84% | 17,465 | 28.85% |
| Template:Flag | 3,064 | 8.45% | 6,163 | 10.18% |
| Template:Flag | 2,741 | 7.56% | 3,017 | 4.99% |
| Template:Flag | 2,605 | 7.09% | 4,484 | 7.41% |
| Template:Flag | 1,253 | 3.41% | 1,631 | 2.69% |
| Template:Flag | 1,167 | 3.22% | 1,048 | 1.73% |
| Template:Flag | 1,091 | 3.01% | 1,576 | 2.60% |
| Template:Flag | 848 | 2.31% | 1,797 | 2.97% |
| Template:Flag | 749 | 2.04% | 1,683 | 2.78% |
| Template:Flag | 729 | 2.00% | 2,615 | 4.32% |
| Total | 36,723 | 60,541 | ||
Population by country of birth:<ref>Perspectives migrations internationales 2016 et Eurostat.</ref>
| 2011 | 2013 | 2015 | 2019<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 7,290,666 | 7,188,273 | 7,077,389 | 6,951,482 |
| Total foreign-born | 78,621 | 96,113 | 123,803 | 168,516 |
| Template:Flag | 18,725 | 19,533 | 24,416 | 31,679 |
| Template:Flag | 3,955 | 6,227 | 9,284 | 11,702 |
| Template:Flag | 1,250 | 1,298 | 8,318 | 14,080 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 4,928 | 7,377 | 7,166 | 8,563 |
| Template:Flag | 5,877 | 6,084 | 7,039 | 10,115 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 2,083 | 3,638 | 5,533 | 9,334 |
| Template:Flag | 3,042 | 5,066 | 6,738 | 9,992 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 1,558 | 4,065 | 5,240 | 7,098 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 6,045 | 5,380 | 4,612 | 4,556 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 1,082 | 2,261 | 2,830 | 3,790 |
| Template:Flag | 2,426 | 2,384 | 2,742 | 3,595 |
| Template:Flag | 1,180 | 2,023 | 2,431 | 3,153 |
| Template:Flag | 1,893 | 1,996 | 2,363 | 2,990 |
| Template:Flag | 2,306 | 2,246 | 2,318 | 2,879 |
| Template:Flag | 2,152 | 1,871 | 1,886 | 2,103 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 562 | 1,255 | 1,781 | 2,614 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 1,196 | 1,443 | 1,648 | 2,043 |
| Template:Flag | 1,472 | 1,422 | 1,565 | 1,840 |
| Template:Flag | 970 | 1,067 | 1,515 | 2,101 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 410 | 1,009 | 1,481 | 2,199 |
| Template:Flag | 860 | 929 | 1,236 | 1,447 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 924 | 1,028 | 1,186 | 1,514 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 1,512 | |||
| Template:Flag | 1,134 | 1,078 | 1,130 | 1,348 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 298 | 735 | 1,040 | 1,522 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 244 | 679 | 1,008 | 1,372 |
| Unknown | 144 | 166 | 1,006 |
Foreigners by nationality:
| 2011 | 2015 | |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 36,723 | 65,622 |
| Template:Flag | 11,991 | 17,943 |
| Template:Flag | 2,741 | 8,157 |
| Template:Flag | 729 | 7,508 |
| Template:Flag | 3,064 | 3,874 |
| Template:Flag | 2,605 | 3,693 |
| Unknown | 2,538 | |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 1,253 | 2,094 |
| Stateless | 1,875 | |
| Template:Flag | 1,091 | 1,289 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 848 | 1,266 |
| Template:Flag | 1,167 | 1,175 |
| Template:Flag | 749 | 1,147 |
| Template:Flag | 893 | 1,018 |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 819 | 978 |
| Template:Flag | 876 | |
| Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flag | 456 | 815 |
| Template:Flag | 569 | 813 |
| Template:Flag | 706 | 806 |
| Template:Flag | 712 |
Net Migration
[edit]| Year | Immigrants | Emigrants | Net Migration |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 1,561 | 2,958 | -1,397 |
| 2008 | 1,236 | 2,112 | -876 |
| 2009 | 3,310 | 19,039 | -15,729 |
| 2010 | 3,518 | 27,708 | -24,190 |
| 2011 | 4,722 | 9,517 | -4,795 |
| 2012 | 14,103 | 16,615 | -2,512 |
| 2013 | 18,570 | 19,678 | -1,108 |
| 2014 | 26,615 | 28,727 | -2,112 |
| 2015 | 25,223 | 29,470 | -4,247 |
| 2016 | 21,241 | 30,570 | -9,329 |
| 2017 | 25,597 | 31,586 | -5,999 |
| 2018 | 29,559 | 33,225 | -3,666 |
| 2019 | 37,929 | 39,941 | -2,012 |
| 2020 | 37,364 | 6,649 | 30,715 |
| 2021 | 39,461 | 26,755 | 12,706 |
| 2022 | 40,619 | 13,175 | 27,444 |
| 2023 | 56,807 | 15,227 | 41,580 |
| 2024 | 52,189 | 13,002 | 39,002 |
<ref>Data extracted from Bulgaria Statistics. Retrieved from [Bulgaria Statistics website](http://www.bulgariastatistics.bg) on July 12, 2024.</ref>
Age structure
[edit]- 0–14 years: Template:Decrease 13.2%
- 15–65 years: Template:Increase 68.3%
- 65 years and over: Template:Negative increase 18.5% (Census 2011)<ref name=Census2011final />
At the 2011 census, the largest cohort of those self-identified as Romani was the 0–9 years cohort, which accounted for 20.8% of all Romani. The same age cohort accounted for 10.2% of the Turks and 7.2% of the Bulgarians.<ref name="censusresults.nsi.bg"/> At the 2021 census, the 0–9 years cohort amongst the Romani was second largest after the 10–19 years one and represented 17.0% of all Romani.<ref name=Infostat5>Template:Cite web</ref> The corresponding percentages for ethnic Bulgarians and ethnic Turks stood at 7.7% and 8.8%, respectively.
Template:Pie chart Template:Pie chart
| Ethnicity of children aged 0–9 per province (% from the declared) | |||
| Province | Ethnicity | Ethnicity | Ethnicity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bulgarian | Turkish | Roma | |
| Bulgaria | 72.9% | 10.6% | 12.0% |
| Blagoevgrad Province | 80.9% | 7.3% | 7.8% |
| Burgas Province | 68.5% | 16.2% | 9.7% |
| Dobrich Province | 56.9% | 17.1% | 18.9% |
| Gabrovo Province | 85.0% | 8.2% | 3.8% |
| Haskovo Province | 62.7% | 16.5% | 16.7% |
| Kardzhali Province | 23.8% | 67.8% | 2.7% |
| Kyustendil Province | 79.4% | 0.0% | 16.1% |
| Lovech Province | 78.0% | 3.6% | 14.8% |
| Montana Province | 66.8% | 0.1% | 29.0% |
| Pazardzhik Province | 67.3% | 8.7% | 16.7% |
| Pernik Province | 90.3% | 0.1% | 7.5% |
| Pleven Province | 78.5% | 4.4% | 13.5% |
| Plovdiv Province | 74.1% | 9.3% | 11.9% |
| Razgrad Province | 33.9% | 50.0% | 10.2% |
| Ruse Province | 72.2% | 15.1% | 8.9% |
| Shumen Province | 45.5% | 31.5% | 17.6% |
| Silistra Province | 38.2% | 43.1% | 14.4% |
| Sliven Province | 55.0% | 11.6% | 28.3% |
| Smolyan Province | 87.6% | 5.0% | 1.9% |
| Sofia City | 92.2% | 0.5% | 3.6% |
| Sofia Province | 77.1% | 0.2% | 18.8% |
| Stara Zagora Province | 68.3% | 7.3% | 19.9% |
| Targovishte Province | 39.6% | 38.0% | 15.5% |
| Varna Province | 79.2% | 8.9% | 7.0% |
| Veliko Tarnovo Province | 79.9% | 11.0% | 4.4% |
| Vidin Province | 74.3% | 0.1% | 20.6% |
| Vratsa Province | 80.3% | 0.4% | 15.6% |
| Yambol Province | 62.4% | 5.8% | 26.7% |
| Source (2011 census):<ref name="1900-2011"/> | |||
Bulgarian children constitute the majority of all children in 23 out of 28 provinces. They constitute more than ninety percent of all children in two provinces: Sofia (city) (92%) and Pernik Province (90%).
Turkish children constitute the majority in Kardzhali Province (68% of self-declared) and Razgrad Province (50% of self-declared); they also constitute the largest group of all children in Silistra Province (43%).
Roma children constitute 12% of all children in Bulgaria and more than a quarter in three provinces: Montana (29%), Sliven (28%) and Yambol (27%).
Bulgaria is ageing rapidly, especially in some remote rural areas.
| Age Structure (2011) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Under working age (0 – 17) | Working age (18 – 64) | Above working age (65 and over) | |
| 1 172 208 (16.0%) | 4 789 967 (65.1%) | 1 389 059 (18.9%) | |
| Age Structure (2017)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | |||
| Under working age (0 – 17) | Working age (18 – 64) | Above working age (65 and over) | |
| 1 065 993 (15.1%) | 4 248 503 (60.3%) | 1 735 538 (24.6%) | |
The ageing of the population leads to an increase of the median age. The median age is 43.6 as of 2017, up from 40.4 years in 2001.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Education
[edit]Template:Main Template:Multiple image
Over 98% of the population is literate, the males being more literate than the females.
According to the 2011 census, about 112,778 people aged nine or more are illiterate. There are considerable differences in the share of illiterate persons amongst the three main ethnic groups. Amongst the Bulgarian ethnic group the share of illiterate is 0.5%, amongst the Turkish - 4.7% and amongst the Roma ethnic group - 11.8%.<ref>2011 census results</ref> About 81 thousand people aged seven or more never visited school.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Unemployment
[edit]
The number of unemployed people declined from 207,000 people (or around 6.2% of the population) in 2017<ref>Unemployed and unemployment rates - national level; statistical regions; districts [1] Template:Webarchive</ref> to 156,657 in November 2023. The unemployment rate stood at 4.3 per cent in November 2023 according to Eurostat.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Most unemployed people are aged 15 to 24 years old.
The unemployment rate in rural areas (around 10.0%) is nearly two times higher than the unemployment rate in urban areas (approximately 5.1%).
Vidin Province has the highest unemployment rate with almost one fifth of its labour force being unemployed. The provinces of Shumen (15.9%), Silistra (12.5%) and Targovishte (12.4%) also have very high unemployment rates.
Other statistics
[edit]Home ownership
[edit]According to Eurostat, 82.3% per cent of the population live in privately owned and owner-occupied homes, ranking it as 12th highest in ownership globally.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref> It is down from a recent peak of 87.6% in 2008, and has been steadily falling since.<ref name=":0" />
Internet penetration
[edit]The number of Internet users has increased rapidly since 2000—from 430,000 their number grew to 1.55 million in 2004, and 3.4 million (48 per cent penetration rate) in 2010.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Bulgaria has the third-fastest average Broadband Internet speed in the world after South Korea and Romania with an average speed of 1,611 kbit/s.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Mobile phone adoption
[edit]Currently there are three active mobile phone operators—A1, Yettel and Vivacom, A1 is the largest one with 5.2 million users as of 2010,<ref name="managerblitz">Template:Cite web</ref> Yettel has 3,9 million as of 2007 and Vivacom over 1 millionTemplate:Citation needed.
HIV
[edit]Bulgaria's HIV rate is among the lowest in the world, being 0.1% or 3,800 infected as of 2009.Template:Citation needed
Urbanization
[edit]Most Bulgarians (72.5 per cent) reside in urban areas. Approximately one-sixth of them live in Sofia, which has a population exceeding 1,200,000 people.
- Urban population: Template:Increase 5,338,261 or 72.5% of total population (Census 2011)<ref name=Census2011final />
- Rural: 2,026,309 or 27.5%
- Rate of urbanization: -0.3% annual rate of change (2005–10 est.)
See also
[edit]- Immigration to Bulgaria
- Immigration to Europe
- List of countries by immigrant population
- Bulgaria
- Ageing of Europe
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]External links
[edit]- 2005 Report on European Demography, Eurostat
- Annual report of the National Statistics Institute for 2005 regarding population and demographic processes
- Urbanization,1910-1946
- Bulgarian Subject Files – Social Issues: Minorities, Blinken Open Society Archives, Budapest
- Bulgarians – Species on the Brink
Template:Demographics of Europe Template:Bulgaria topics Template:Ethnic groups in Bulgaria