Deer Park, Texas

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Deer Park is a city in the U.S. state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area. The city is located in southeast Harris County. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Deer Park was 34,495.

Deer Park is the home to several major industrial facilities, including the Shell Chemicals plant, the Pemex refinery, and the Dow Chemical plant (formerly Rohm and Haas).

History

Deer Park was founded in 1892 by Simeon H. West, a farmer, retired legislator, and much-traveled adventurer from Illinois. He named the town for the large number of deer that roamed the Gulf plains. A railroad station opened later that year and a post office followed in 1893.<ref name=HistoryDP>Template:Cite web</ref>

The subdivision was established in 1893 and was the site of a Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway station by about 1894. A Deer Park post office was established in 1893, discontinued in 1919, and reestablished in 1930. In 1896, the community, with a population of forty, had a hotel, a general store, and three resident carpenters. By 1922, Deer Park had dwindled down to almost nothing with four houses, one little schoolhouse, and an old hotel with a few scattered shacks along the railroad right-of-way. In 1928, Shell Oil Company broke ground on a new refinery. In the 1930s, an independent school district was established. By 1940, the population had grown to 100. By 1946, however, the area began to flourish as Deer Park became the site of refineries and toluene plants for the production of TNT.<ref name=HandbookTX>Template:Cite web</ref>

The citizens of Deer Park voted to incorporate on December 12, 1948, and a few weeks later Earl E. Dunn became the first mayor.<ref name=newspapers1971>Template:Cite journal</ref> Because of the 1948 incorporation, Houston did not incorporate Deer Park's territory into its city limits.<ref name="Annexbitter">Lee, Renée C. "Annexed Kingwood split on effects." Houston Chronicle. Sunday October 8, 2006. A21. Retrieved on July 6, 2011. "Some of the area communities that incorporated as cities and escaped annexation by Houston:" Print version exclusively has the information cited; the information is not included in the online edition.</ref> The first city council meeting was held on February 7, 1949. The population had grown to 700 by 1948, to 5,000 by 1960 with a fire station, city hall, playground parks and an independent city water supply. A public library was begun in 1962 on Center Street. Population was 12,773 in 1970, and 28,520 in 2000. This growth has been fueled by the growth of the petrochemical industry as well as the growth of business along the Houston Ship Channel. Deer Park has a school district with 14 campuses, a city library, community theater, municipal court building, three fire stations, numerous city parks and recreational facilities, state-of-the-art water and sewer processing facilities, a post office, several hotels, 14 major industries as well as several light industrial companies. Today, Deer Park has approximately 9,000 homes and more than 30,000 residents.

Deer Park is near the site of the Battle of San Jacinto, where, on April 21, 1836, Texas won its independence from Mexico. Because the initial surrender treaty after the battle was drafted in Dr. George Moffitt Patrick's cabin, Deer Park bills itself as the "Birthplace of Texas".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The original cabin was located on Buffalo Bayou where Rohm and Haas, now owned by Dow Chemical Company, established a chemical plant in Deer Park. A replica of Dr. Patrick's cabin is in front of the Theatre/Courts Building on Center Street. The Texas State Historical sign marker was relocated from the Dow Chemical parking lot to the replica log cabin home of Dr. Patrick located at the Theatre/Courts Building.

Shell Chemical plant explosion

On June 22, 1997, an ethylene explosion occurred at the nearby Shell Chemical Company plant that was heard and felt as far as Template:Convert away. While no evacuation of the city was ordered, residents living within a mile west of the plant were advised to remain inside their homes.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Intercontinental Terminals Company's chemical fire

On March 17, 2019, a chemical fire broke out at Intercontinental Terminals Company. The fire, which was caused from a pump seal failure, eventually spread to a dozen tanks.<ref name=abc13>Template:Cite news</ref> The resultant fire and smoke plume could be seen for miles and lasted for three days. The tanks involved in the fire contained chemicals including xylene, naptha, pyrolysis gasoline (Pygas), and toluene.<ref name=CNN>Template:Cite news</ref> Deer Park residents were required to shelter in place during the fire.<ref name=HPM>Template:Cite news</ref> A probe by the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board concluded that leaking chemicals had accumulated in an above-ground storage tank for about 30 minutes before they ignited.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref> In April 2024, the state of Texas and the U.S. government reached a $6.6 million settlement with ITC; the money will be used to reimburse the state and federal government for damages caused by the blaze.<ref name=":1" />

2023 tornado

Template:Main Deer Park has been known for several smaller and less destructive tornadoes in its past, but on January 24, 2023, a large EF3 tornado hit downtown Deer Park. It caused damage most notably to the local skating rink, a nursing home, an animal shelter and knocked out power to many areas, including schools in the Deer Park Independent School District. Schools were still in session at the time of the tornado, and were dismissed late, and closed the remainder of the week. 3 injuries occurred as the tornado passed. Entire neighborhoods were severely damaged as a result of the tornado. The tornado prompted the first ever tornado emergency issued by the National Weather Service in League City.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

2023 Shell refinery explosion

In May 2023, a Shell petrochemical plant in Deer Park, causing a three-day blaze that resulted in toxic contamination in the air and water. The Shell plant had a long history of chemical incidents between 2016 and 2022, including 68 emissions events that released 974,847 pounds of toxic emissions into the air.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref> The company had eight "excessive" events at the plant during that time.<ref name=":2" />

2023 Emergency siren overhaul

Deer Park's 10 emergency warning sirens began experiencing failures over the years following a 2019 upgrade on the former siren system. In August 2023, the City of Deer Park replaced all 10 outdoor warning sirens with rotating, more efficient sirens. That also included strobe lights on each siren across the city to make fit for the hearing-impaired. 17-year-old deaf citizen William Stokes, presented the idea to the city during the replacement project. Emergency sirens are tested every Saturday at 12:00 PM.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Geography

File:DeerParkMap.png

Map of Deer Park

Deer Park is located in Southeastern Harris County at Template:Coord (29.692003, –95.118108).<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref> According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert are land and Template:Convert, or 0.62%, are water.<ref name="Census 2010">Template:Cite web</ref>

Deer Park is bounded by the city of La Porte to the south and east, and by the Houston Ship Channel—the dredged-out Buffalo Bayou—to the north.

Demographics

Template:US Census population

**Deer Park racial composition as of 2020**<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
(NH = Non-Hispanic)Template:Efn
Race	Number	Percentage
White (NH)	19,238	55.77%
Black or African American (NH)	758	2.2%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH)	98	0.28%
Asian (NH)	446	1.29%
Pacific Islander (NH)	21	0.06%
Some Other Race (NH)	165	0.48%
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH)	1,055	3.06%
Hispanic or Latino	12,714	36.86%
Total	34,495

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 34,495 people, 11,637 households, and 8,813 families residing in the city. The American Community Survey reported a population of 33,474 in 2019.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref>

According to the 2019 American Community Survey, the racial and ethnic makeup of the city was 57.5% White, 1.8% Black and African American, 1.4% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.6% Asian, 3.2% multiracial, and 37.8% Hispanic and Latin American of any race. In 2000,<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> the racial makeup of the city was 90.01% White, 1.31% African American, 0.41% Native American, 1.13% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 5.25% from other races, and 1.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.22% of the population.

In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $61,334, and the median income for a family was $66,516. Males had a median income of $50,867 versus $30,926 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,440. About 4.0% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over. By 2019, residents of Deer Park had a median gross rent of $1,170 in 2019 and median household income of $80,592. The per capita income was $33,083 and 7.3% of the population lived at or below the poverty line.

Industries

Dow: The Dow Chemical plant, formerly Rohm and Haas, is located in Deer Park. It is located on 900 acres along the Houston Ship Channel. The plant has approximately 700 employees.<ref name=DowDP>Template:Cite web</ref>

Lubrizol: Lubrizol Specialty Chemicals plant, occupying over 330 acres, employs approximately 1,000 people.<ref name=TopEmployers-DP/><ref name=Lubrizol-DP>Template:Cite web</ref>

Shell-Pemex: Shell Oil began operations at the Shell Oil Refinery in Deer Park on August 13, 1929. The Shell Chemicals plant opened in 1941.<ref name=UH-ShellArchives>Template:Cite web</ref> In January 2022, Shell sold its Deer Park refinery to Pemex, the state oil company of Mexico.<ref name=Shell-Pemex-Sale>Template:Cite web</ref>

Pemex: Pemex refinery, formerly the Shell refinery, has approximately 1,500 employees.<ref name=TopEmployers-DP/>

Shell: Shell Chemicals plant in Deer Park occupies 1,200 acres along the Ship Channel.<ref name=ShellDP>Template:Cite web</ref> Shell Deer Park has about 1,500 employees.<ref name=TopEmployers-DP>Template:Cite web</ref>

Government

Municipal government

The city has a council-manager form of government. The city council has seven elected members, including the mayor and six city council members.<ref name=Government-DP>Template:Cite web</ref> The city council sets the policies for city operations. The city manager, who is appointed by the city council, is responsible for administering city policies.<ref name=Government-DP/>

Deer Park City Hall is located at 710 E. San Augustine Street.

As of 2024, the City had 420 employees.<ref name=TopEmployers-DP/>

Public faciilities

Library: The Deer Park Public Library has a collection of over 60,000 books. They also participate in inter-library loan programs.<ref name=Chron-DPlibrary>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=DPlibrary-history>Template:Cite web</ref> The first Deer Park Public Library was opened on September 20, 1961, in what had previously been a fire station. In 1965, the library became an official city department. The current library opened its doors in a newly constructed building on February 25, 1969. The library underwent two expansions — in 1993 and 2013. The latest renovation added new facilities, including a tech lab and a children's reading area. The library now has almost 19,000 square feet (1,750 square meters) of space.<ref name=DPlibrary-history/>

The Deer Park Library is located at 3009 Center Street.<ref>"Hours." Deer Park Library. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.</ref>

Post Office: Deer Park Post Office is located at 200 East San Augustine Street.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The first post office was established in 1893, and discontinued in 1919. A new post office was established in 1930.<ref name=TSHA-DP>Template:Cite web</ref>

Medical facilities: The designated public hospital for Deer Park is Ben Taub General Hospital in the Texas Medical Center.<ref>Template:Cite web - See ZIP code 77536. See this map for relevant ZIP code.</ref>

State and federal voting districts

United States Congressional District

Texas 36th congressional district

US Representative Brian Babin (R)

Texas State Senate Districts

Texas Senate District 11<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Texas Senator Larry Taylor (R)

Senate District 6<ref name="Texas Senate District 6">Template:Cite web</ref>

Texas Senator Sylvia Garcia (D)

Texas State House Districts

Texas House District 144

Representative Mary Ann Perez (D)

Texas House District 128

Representative Briscoe Cain (R)

Education

Primary and secondary education

Public schools

Most Deer Park pupils attend schools in Deer Park Independent School District (DPISD). A small number of students who live in Deer Park near the cross streets of Spencer and Luella attend school in the La Porte Independent School District (LPISD).

DPISD has one high school — Deer Park High School — that occupies two campuses; the North Campus houses 9th grade students, while the South Campus serves grades 10 to 12. Deer Park has four junior high schools — Deer Park Junior High, Bonnette Junior High, Deepwater Junior High, and Fairmont Junior High. Seven elementary schools serve the area as well. Deer Park ISD has an open enrollment program that allows students who do not reside within the boundaries of DPISD to attend DPISD Schools. LPISD has two elementary schools in Deer Park: College Park Elementary and Heritage Elementary. The 10,000-capacity Clyde Abshier Stadium is the home of the Deer Park Deer.

Colleges

Deer Park is also served by the San Jacinto College District, Central Campus.