Buckeye, Arizona

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File:Buckeye, Maricopa County, Arizona. Private auto camp for cotton pickers, camp manager's store in for . . . - NARA - 522538.jpg

Private auto camp for cotton pickers in Buckeye, 1940

Buckeye Template:IPAc-en is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. It is Arizona's second-largest city by area, and it is the westernmost suburb in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 91,502,<ref name="Census 2020"/> up from 50,876 in 2010, and 6,537 in 2000. It was the fastest-growing city in the United States for 2017, 2018, and 2021.<ref>DFW Fastest-Growing Metro in US, Fort Worth Moves Up 13th Largest City</ref><ref name="census.gov">Template:Cite web</ref>

History

The Buckeye area was first inhabited by the Hohokam culture.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In 1877, Thomas Newt Clanton led a group of six men, three women, and ten children from Creston, Iowa, to Arizona, where they settled in the Buckeye area.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Early settler Malie M. Jackson developed Template:Convert of the Buckeye Canal from 1884 to 1886, which he named after his home state of Ohio's moniker, "The Buckeye State". The town was founded in 1888 and originally named "Sidney", after Jackson's hometown in Ohio. However, because of the significance of the canal, the town became known as Buckeye. The name was legally changed to Buckeye in 1910. The town was incorporated in 1929, at which time it included Template:Convert. The town's first mayor was Hugh M. Watson (1956–1958), who founded the Buckeye Valley Bank. Today, Watson Road is the site of the city's commercial center.<ref name="buckeyeaz.gov">Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2008, Buckeye was featured on The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer as part of a week-long series entitled "Blueprint America".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

A vote to designate the town as the City of Buckeye became effective in 2014.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In May 2019, population estimates released by the U.S. Census Bureau placed Buckeye as the fastest growing city in the United States by percentage from 2017–2018, growing by 8.5%.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Geography

Buckeye is located approximately Template:Convert west of downtown Phoenix in the Buckeye Valley. Interstate 10 passes through the central part of the city, north of the original town center. U.S. Route 80 once passed through the city, while Arizona State Route 85 skirts what was the city's west edge. The city limits now extend Template:Convert to the north and Template:Convert to the south of the original town center.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert, or 0.04%, were listed as water.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2021"/> The Gila River flows westward through the Buckeye Valley south of the center of the city. The Buckeye Hills and Little Rainbow Valley are to the south, beyond which the city limits extend as far as Margies Peak. To the north the city limits include the southern part of the White Tank Mountains and continue north nearly as far as City of Surprise. The Hassayampa River, a tributary of the Gila, flows southward through the northern part of the Buckeye city limits.

Soils in Buckeye are alkaline and mostly well drained loam or clay loam except in northern neighborhoods such as Verrado, where gravelly sand or sandy loam with varying degrees of excessive drainage are common.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Neighborhoods

The original Buckeye was built around downtown's main street, Monroe Avenue. There are currently nearly 30 master planned communities planned for Buckeye. Those communities under development in which homes are occupied include Riata West, Sundance, Verrado, Sienna Hills, Westpark, Tartesso and Festival Ranch.

Other unbuilt planned communities within Buckeye include Douglas Ranch (planned for nearly 300,000 inhabitants), Sun Valley Villages, Spurlock Ranch, Trillium, Elianto, Westwind, Silver Rock, Henry Park, Southwest Ranch and Montierre.

Sundance Towne Center, a shopping center developed by Vestar Development in the Sundance community, opened in 2007.

Climate

Buckeye has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh), with abundant sunshine due to the stable descending air of the eastern side of the subtropical anticyclone aloft and at sea level over the southwestern United States. Summers, as with most of the Sonoran Desert, are extremely hot, with 121.0 afternoons reaching Template:Convert and 181.6 afternoons reaching Template:Convert. The record high temperature of Template:Convert occurred on July 28, 1995, and temperatures above Template:Convert may occur in any month. Cooler weather may occasionally occur during summer, but such periods are no less unpleasant as they result from monsoonal weather, with its attendant higher cloudiness and humidity; however, actual rainfall from the monsoon is much more infrequent than in Flagstaff, Nogales or even Tucson. The heaviest daily rainfall has been Template:Convert on September 2, 1894, but between 1971 and 2000 no month had more rainfall than Template:Convert in December 1984.

The winter season from November to March is warm to very warm during the day, not much cooler than Template:Convert during a typical afternoon, but 20.2 mornings typically fall to or below Template:Convert, though no snowfall was recorded during the 1971 to 2000 period, and only twelve afternoons did not reach Template:Convert. The coldest temperature recorded in Buckeye was Template:Convert on January 8, 1913.

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Demographics

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File:Race and ethnicity 2020 Buckeye, AZ.png

Map of racial distribution in Buckeye, 2020 U.S. census. Each dot is one person: Template:Legend inline Template:Legend inline Template:Legend inline Template:Legend inline Template:Legend inline Template:Legend inline

**Buckeye, Arizona – Racial and ethnic composition**
Template:Nobold
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref>	Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	Template:Partial<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref>	% 2000	% 2010	Template:Partial
White alone (NH)	3,748	25,375	43,071	57.34%	49.88%	47.07%
Black or African American alone (NH)	215	3,412	6,187	3.29%	6.71%	6.76%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	86	602	947	1.32%	1.18%	1.03%
Asian alone (NH)	24	849	1,435	0.37%	1.67%	1.57%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	0	79	234	0.00%	0.16%	0.26%
Some Other Race alone (NH)	4	100	484	0.06%	0.20%	0.53%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH)	64	970	3,507	0.98%	1.91%	3.83%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	2,396	19,489	35,637	36.65%	38.31%	38.95%
Total	6,537	50,876	91,502	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

Buckeye first appeared on the 1910 U.S. Census as a precinct of Maricopa County.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It appeared again in 1920 as the 48th precinct of Maricopa County (Buckeye).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It incorporated as a town in 1929 and has appeared on every successive census. On January 1, 2014, Buckeye was upgraded to city status.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2015, the population of the city was 62,582 people living in 21,628 households.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref>

As of the census of 2010, there were 50,876 people residing in 16,499 households in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 18,207 housing units. 10.8% of the population were born overseas.

In terms of age brackets, the population was spread out, with 9.1% under the age of 5; 30.6% under the age of 18; 53% aged between 18 and 64 and 6.7% were 65 years of age or older. 45.4% percent of the population are women.

From 2012 to 2016, the median income for a household in the town was $58,711. The per capita income for the town was $20,446. Both of these numbers are in 2016 dollars. About 12.4% of the population were below the poverty line.

Economy

Top employers in the city of Buckeye as of 2018.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

#	Employer	# of Employees
1	State of Arizona	1,220
2	Walmart	1,120
3	Buckeye Union High School District	500
4	City of Buckeye	480
5	Litchfield Elementary School District	470
6	Buckeye Elementary School District	320
7	Clayton Homes Inc.	300
8	Liberty Elementary School District	230
9	Agua Fria Union High School District	160
10	Youngker High School	150

Parks and recreation

File:Buckeye-Buckeye Union High School A-Wing-1.JPG

The Buckeye Union High School A-Wing is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

A popular recreation destination in Buckeye is the Buckeye Hills Regional Park. It is located Template:Convert south of downtown Buckeye on State Route 85, at mile marker 144. A Template:Convert Buckeye Lake is planned.

The City of Buckeye's Skyline Regional Park is an Template:Convert mountain preserve located in the southern White Tank Mountains. As of August 2020, the park features just under Template:Convert of trails for hikers, mountain bikers and equestrians, picnic areas and camping. Entry to the park is free.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Education

The city of Buckeye is served by the following school districts:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Other schools:

The Odyssey Preparatory Academy

Estrella Mountain Community College recently renovated the original historic Buckeye Union High School building on Eason Avenue near 9th Street, also known as the "A" Wing, and started holding classes in this new satellite facility in the fall of 2011. Named the Buckeye Educational Center, this facility provides academic courses, job training programs and community education classes.Template:Citation needed<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Media

There are several local newspapers, including the West Valley View, and The Arizona RepublicTemplate:'s Southwest Valley edition, the Buckeye Independent and the Buckeye Press.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Defunct media organizations include The Buckeye Star, Buckeye Valley News and the Buckeye Sun.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Infrastructure

File:Northeast Buckeye AZ aerial.jpg

Aerial view from the south, of the northeast corner of Buckeye, Arizona, with the abandoned Goodyear Field, or Luke Air Force Auxiliary Airfield#6, a training field used during WWII, between the Roosevelt Irrigation District main canal and Interstate 10. Goodyear, Arizona, is the adjacent city to the east (right).

Transportation

Buckeye is served by five highways, a municipal airport, several nearby airports, and the railroad.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Roads

Major roadways serving the city include:

Bus

Buckeye is served by Valley Metro via a rural bus line connecting Phoenix–Goodyear–Gila Bend–Ajo.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref> Valley Metro also provides express commute service from Buckeye to downtown Phoenix.

Rail

In 1910, the Arizona Eastern Railroad came to Buckeye; the first car in 1911; a steam rail line connected it to Phoenix by 1912; and a state highway by 1915. The coming of the railroad was so significant that the business district was moved to accommodate the location of the railroad station. As a result, Buckeye was booming. By 1912, major buildings were constructed, along with expansion of the business community.<ref name="buckeyeaz.gov"/>

Union Pacific operates a rail line running east–west generally through the center of the city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>