Bristol, Tennessee
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Bristol is a city in Sullivan County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 27,147 at the 2020 census. It is the twin city of Bristol, Virginia, which lies directly across the state line between Tennessee and Virginia. The boundary between the two cities is also the state line, which runs along State Street in their common downtown district. It is a principal city in the Kingsport–Bristol metropolitan area, which had a population of 307,614 in 2020.<ref name=PopEstCBSA>Template:Cite web</ref> The metro area is a component of the larger Tri-Cities region of Tennessee and Virginia, with a population of 508,260 in 2020.
Bristol is known for being the site of some of the earliest commercial recordings of country music, showcasing Jimmie Rodgers and the Carter Family, and later a favorite venue of mountain musician Uncle Charlie Osborne. The U.S. Congress recognized Bristol as the "Birthplace of Country Music" in 1998, and the Birthplace of Country Music Museum is located nearby in Bristol, Virginia.<ref name=ALgov/> It also is the birthplace of Tennessee Ernie Ford.
Bristol is the site of Bristol Motor Speedway, a NASCAR short track. The world's fifth-largest coal producer, Contura Energy, is based in Bristol.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
[edit]Before 1852, the land where Bristol is located was owned by Reverend James King. His son-in-law, Joseph R. Anderson of Blountville, Tennessee, bought Template:Convert of the plantation and named it Bristol.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The G.W. Blackley House, one of the oldest houses in Bristol, was constructed in 1869.
Country Music
[edit]
The U.S. Congress declared Bristol to be the "Birthplace of Country Music", according to a resolution passed in 1998, recognizing its contributions to early country music recordings and influence, and the Birthplace of Country Music Museum is located in Bristol.<ref name="ALgov">"Birthplace of Country Music", AmericasLibrary.gov, 2011, web: AL.</ref>
In 1927, record producer Ralph Peer of Victor Records began recording local musicians in Bristol, to attempt to capture the local sound of traditional "folk" music of the region. One of these local sounds was created by the Carter Family, who got their start on July 31, 1927, when A.P. Carter and his family journeyed from Maces Spring, Virginia, to Bristol to audition for Ralph Peer, who was seeking new talent for the relatively embryonic recording industry. They received $50 for each song they recorded. That same visit by Peer to Bristol also resulted in the first recordings by Jimmie Rodgers.<ref name=Sanjek>David Sanjek, "All the Memories Money Can Buy: Marketing Authenticity and Manufacturing Authorship", p. 155–172 in Eric Weisbard, ed., This is Pop, Harvard University Press, 2004. Template:ISBN (cloth), Template:ISBN (paper). p. 158.</ref>
Since 1994, the Birthplace of Country Music Alliance has promoted the city as a destination to learn about country music and the city's role in the creation of an entire music genre. The alliance is organizing the building of a new Cultural Heritage Center to help educate the public about the history of country music in the region.<ref name=BCMA>"BCMA - Birthplace of Country Music Alliance", BCMA, 2012, webpage: BCMA.</ref> On August 1, 2014, the Birthplace of Country Music Museum opened in Bristol, Virginia to commemorate the historical significance of the Bristol sessions. The museum features a 24,000-ft building that houses core exhibits, space for special exhibits, a performance theater, and a radio station.
Every year, during the third weekend in September, a music festival called the Bristol Rhythm & Roots Reunion takes place. The festival is held downtown, where Tennessee and Virginia meet, and it celebrates Bristol's heritage as the birthplace of country music.<ref>"Bristol Rhythm & Roots Reunion", BristolRhythm.com, 2011, webpage: BR</ref>
Geography
[edit]Bristol is located in the northeast corner of Tennessee, at Template:Coord (36.569135, −82.197489).<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref>
Bristol is located 20.95 miles east of Kingsport, Tennessee, 21.51 miles northeast of Johnson City, Tennessee, 38.74 miles northwest of Boone, North Carolina, 105.96 miles northeast of Knoxville, Tennessee, and 132.61 miles southwest of Roanoke, Virginia.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert are land and Template:Convert (0.44%) is covered by water.
Climate
[edit]Like much of the rest of the state, Bristol has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa), although with significantly cooler temperatures, especially in the summer, due to elevation; it is part of USDA hardiness zone 6b, with areas to the southwest falling in zone 7a.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The normal monthly mean temperature ranges from Template:Convert in January to Template:Convert in July, while, on average, 8.8 days have temperatures at or below freezing and 17 days with highs at or above Template:Convert per year.<ref name = "NOWData MRX"/> The all-time record low is Template:Convert, set on January 21, 1985, while the all-time record high is Template:Convert, set on June 30, 2012.<ref name = "NOWData MRX"/>
Precipitation is low compared to much of East Tennessee, averaging Template:Convert annually, and reaches a low during autumn. The rainiest calendar day on record is October 16, 1964, when Template:Convert of rain fell; monthly precipitation has ranged from Template:Convert in October 2002 to Template:Convert in July 2012.<ref name = "NOWData MRX"/> Bristol's normal (1981–2010) winter snowfall stands at Template:Convert, significantly more than what most of Tennessee receives. The most snow in one calendar day was Template:Convert on November 21, 1952, while the most in one month is Template:Convert during March 1960, which contributed to the winter of 1959–60, with a total of Template:Convert, finishing as the snowiest on record.<ref name = "NOWData MRX"/>
Demographics
[edit]2020 census
[edit]| Race | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| White (non-Hispanic) | 24,200 | 89.14% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 802 | 2.95% |
| Native American | 43 | 0.16% |
| Asian | 243 | 0.9% |
| Pacific Islander | 9 | 0.03% |
| Other/Mixed | 1,164 | 4.29% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 686 | 2.53% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 27,147 people, 11,450 households, and 6,808 families residing in the city.
2000 census
[edit]As of the census<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2000, 24,821 people, 10,648 households, and 6,825 families were residing in the city. The population density in 2000 was 846 people per square mile (326.5/kmTemplate:Sup). The 11,511 housing units averaged 392.2 per square mile (151.4/kmTemplate:Sup). The racial makeup of the city was 95.15% White, 2.97% African American, 0.31% Native American, 0.64% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.70% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 0.68% of the population.
Of the 10,648 households, 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were not families. Nearly 32% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26, and the average family size was 2.84.
In the city, the age distribution was 21.1% under 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 24.7% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $30,039, and for a family was $37,341. Males had a median income of $28,210 versus $21,173 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,535. About 11.5% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.4% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.
Sports
[edit]
Bristol is the location of Bristol Motor Speedway, a motorsports venue that hosts several NASCAR events. It is also home to Bristol Dragway, which hosts the Ford Thunder Valley Nationals, an NHRA national event.
A Pittsburgh Pirates rookie Minor League Baseball affiliate, the Bristol Pirates, played its home games at DeVault Memorial Stadium in Bristol, Virginia, from 1969 to 2020. In conjunction with a contraction of Minor League Baseball beginning with the 2021 season, the Appalachian League, in which the Pirates played, was reorganized as a collegiate summer baseball league, and the Pirates were replaced by a new franchise in the revamped league designed for rising college freshman and sophomores.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Education
[edit]Colleges and universities
[edit]- King University
- Graham Bible College
Primary and secondary schools
[edit]Bristol Tennessee City Schools operates public schools serving almost all of the city, with Tennessee High School being its public high school. Small sections are in the Sullivan County School District.<ref>Template:Cite web Page 14 (13/21) shows sections of Bristol in the Sullivan County district.</ref>
Media
[edit]Television:
Note-WEMT is licensed to Greeneville, Tennessee, but co-located with sister station WCYB-TV.
Radio
[edit]- WZAP (AM 690 kHz) Christian
- WFHG (FM 92.9 MHz) SuperTalk WFHG
- WWTB (AM 980 kHz) The Sports Fox
- WXBQ (FM 96.9 MHz) Twenty-four Carrot Country
- WAEZ (FM 94.9 MHz) Electric 94.9
- WEXX (FM 99.3 MHz) The X 99.3
- WTFM (FM 98.5 MHz) WTFM 98.5
- WBCM-LP (FM 100.1 MHz) WBCM Radio Bristol
Newspapers
[edit]- Bristol Herald Courier<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Infrastructure
[edit]Fire Department
[edit]The Bristol Fire Department has 82 full-time and six part-time employees. It responds to over 5,000 calls per year and has five stations. The department is accredited by the Commission on Fire Accreditation International.<ref name="fire">Template:Cite web</ref>
Police department
[edit]The Bristol Police Department is the municipal law enforcement agency for the city. The department has 73 sworn officers and 27 civilian support staff. It also makes use of citizen volunteers as an auxiliary staff, which saves the department over $100,000 annually.<ref name="police">Template:Cite web</ref>
Notable people
[edit]- Clarence Ashley, old-time musician
- George Lafayette Carter, entrepreneur
- John I. Cox, Governor of Tennessee (1905−1907)
- Cara Cunningham, internet celebrity/blogger
- Tennessee Ernie Ford, singer, actor, entertainer (1919–1991)
- Justin Grimm, professional baseball player for the Oakland Athletics
- Doyle Lawson, Grammy-nominated bluegrass musician and front man of Doyle Lawson and Quicksilver
- Dave Loggins, songwriter, recording artist
- David Massengill, folk singer/songwriter
- Jayma Mays, actress
- Ricky Morton, professional wrestler and WWE Hall of Famer. One half of tag team Rock N Roll Express
- Eureka O'Hara, famous drag queen
- Chase Owens, professional wrestler
- Davyd Whaley, American painter
See also
[edit]- Rader v. State (1880)
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Phillips, V.N. Bud. (1992) Bristol Tennessee/Virginia: A History-1852-1900. Johnson City: Overmountain Press. Template:ISBN
External links
[edit]Template:Commons category Template:EB1911 poster