Andrzej Żuławski

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox person Andrzej Żuławski (Template:IPA; 22 November 1940 – 17 February 2016) was a Polish film director and writer best known for his 1981 psychological horror film Possession. Żuławski often went against mainstream commercialism in his films, and enjoyed success mostly with European art-house audiences.

In the late 1950s, he studied cinema in France. His second feature, The Devil (1972), was banned in communist Poland, and Żuławski went to France. After the success of That Most Important Thing: Love in 1975, he returned to Poland where he spent two years making On the Silver Globe (not released until 1988). The work on this film was interrupted and destroyed by the authorities. After that, Żuławski moved to France where he became known for controversial and violent art-house films such as Possession (1981). Żuławski is also known for his work with actresses including Romy Schneider, Isabelle Adjani and Sophie Marceau.

His films have received awards at various international film festivals. Żuławski had also written several novels, for example: Il était Un Verger, Lity Bór (a.k.a. La Forêt Forteresse), W Oczach Tygrysa, and Ogród Miłości.

Biography

Żuławski was born in Lviv. His father, Mirosław Żuławski, was a Polish civil servant (and later diplomat) who had studied and worked in that city while it was part of the Second Polish Republic and prior to its annexation by the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1939.

Żuławski was an assistant of the filmmaker Andrzej Wajda.<ref name = "mira">Template:Cite book</ref> He studied at the prestigious Institut des hautes études cinématographiques (IDHEC) in Paris and in the Department of Philosophy at the Sorbonne.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

When his second film The Devil was banned in Poland,<ref name = "atk">Template:Cite book</ref> he decided to move to France, where he made That Most Important Thing: Love (1975) with Romy Schneider.<ref name = "cart">Template:Cite book</ref>

After returning to Poland he worked for two years on a film which the authorities did not allow him to finish (On the Silver Globe), based on a book by his great-uncle Jerzy Żuławski.<ref name="cult">Culture.pl</ref> Since then he lived and worked mostly in France, making art films.

Being described as a maverick who always defied mainstream commercialism, Żuławski enjoyed success mostly with the European art-house audiences. His wild, imaginative, and controversial pictures have received awards at various international film festivals. He also wrote the novels Il était Un Verger, Lity Bór (a.k.a. La Forêt Forteresse), W Oczach Tygrysa, and Ogród Miłości.<ref name=cult />

In 2006 he was the Head of the Jury at the 28th Moscow International Film Festival.<ref name="Moscow2006">Template:Cite web</ref>

Żuławski worked many times with composer Andrzej Korzyński, beginning in The Third Part of the Night (1971). Their last collaboration was for Cosmos (2015), which was also Żuławski's last film.

On 17 February 2016, Żuławski died at a hospital in Warsaw from cancer.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Personal life

File:Sofmar14.jpg

Zulawski with his then partner Sophie Marceau, 1988

Żuławski's first wife was Barbara Baranowska,<ref name="Kier">Template:Cite book</ref> a member of the Polish School of Posters. She created the iconic French version of the poster for Żuławski's Possession. Her first husband, Adolf Rudnicki, inspired the character Abe in the movie.<ref name="Kier" />

Żuławski had three sons from different relationships. One of Żuławski's ex-wives was Małgorzata Braunek, who was a Polish film and stage actress. Their son, Xawery, is also a film director.

His relationship with the painter Hanna Wolska resulted in the birth of his son Ignacy.<ref name="Ignacy">Template:Cite news</ref>

He was in a relationship with French actress Sophie Marceau for sixteen years, with whom he made four films over a 15-year period (L'Amour braque, My Nights Are More Beautiful Than Your Days, La Note bleue, Fidelity). They had a son Vincent together. They broke up in 2001.

From 2007 to 2008 Żuławski dated Weronika Rosati, daughter of Polish politician Dariusz Rosati. In 2010 Żuławski released a book titled "Nocnik", which included a character allegedly based on Rosati named Esther. Rosati sued Żuławski and the book's publisher for violating her right to privacy and dignity as a woman as the book included intimate details about her. Żuławski lost the case in 2015.<ref name=atk />

Filmography

Feature films

Year	Title	Director	Writer	Notes
1971	The Third Part of the Night	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1972	The Devil	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1975	That Most Important Thing: Love	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1981	Possession	Template:Yes	Template:Yes	Nominated—Palme d'Or
1984	The Public Woman	Template:Yes	Template:Yes	Nominated—César Award for Best Adaptation
1985	L'Amour braque	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1987	Malady of Love	Template:No	Template:Partial
1988	On the Silver Globe	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1989	My Nights Are More Beautiful Than Your Days	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1989	Boris Godunov	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1991	The Blue Note	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
1996	Szamanka	Template:Yes	Template:No
2000	Fidelity	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
2015	Cosmos	Template:Yes	Template:Yes
2019	Bird Talk	Template:No	Template:Yes

Short films and television

Year	Title	Director	Writer	Notes
1958	La sorcière	Template:Yes	Template:Yes	Short film
1969	The Song of Triumphant Love	Template:Yes	Template:Yes	TV movie
	Pavoncello	Template:Yes	Template:Yes	TV Short
1972	Theatre Macabre	Template:Yes	Template:No	TV series; 2 episodes

External links

• Template:IMDb name
• Andrzej Żuławski at Culture.pl
• Andrzej Żuławski, 1940–2016 at Sight & Sound
• Jérôme d'Estais, Possession, Tentatives d'exorcisme, Editions Rouge profond, 2019 (Template:ISBN)
• Jérome d'Estais, Andrzej Zulawski, sur le fil, LettMotif [archive], 2015 (Template:ISBN and Template:ISBNT)