70 Virginis
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70 Virginis is a binary<ref name=Fontanive/> star located 59<ref name="Gaia DR3"/> light years from the Sun in the equatorial constellation of Virgo, near the northern constellation border with Coma Berenices. 70 Virginis is its Flamsteed designation. The star is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.97.<ref name=Anderson2012/> It is drifting further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of +4.4 km/s<ref name=Anderson2012/> and has a high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.621 arc seconds per annum.<ref name=Lepine2005/>
This object has a stellar classification of G4 V-IV,<ref name="Strassmeier2017"/> being rather unusually bright for a main sequence star of its type and thus may be just starting to evolve into the subgiant phase. It is an estimated 7.9<ref name="apj771_1_40"/> billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 4.8 km/s.<ref name="MartínezArnáiz2010"/> The star has 1.09<ref name=Kane2015/> times the mass of the Sun and 1.94 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 3.05 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,473 K.<ref name=soubiran/> The metallicity – a term astronomers use to describe the abundance of elements heavier than helium – is near solar.<ref name="apj771_1_40"/><ref name=soubiran/>
In 2011, a star was discovered 2.86 arcseconds away from the primary, and is likely associated with 70 Virginis. Based on its properties, it has a spectral type later than M5V, and has a mass of about 8% that of the Sun.<ref name=Fontanive>Template:Cite journal</ref> There is also an L-type brown dwarf 42.7 arcseconds away from the primary, but it is unclear whether this is bound to the system.<ref name=Fontanive/>
In 1996, 70 Virginis was discovered to have an extrasolar planet in orbit around it.<ref name="Marcy1996"/> There is also an orbiting dusty disc with an average temperature of 153 K located at a mean distance of 3.4 AU from the star.<ref name="Trilling2008"/>
Planetary system
[edit]The discovery of the planet around 70 Virginis was announced on January 17, 1996 at the meeting of the American Astronomical Society in San Antonio, Texas. The planet was detected using radial velocity measurements taken with the C. Donald Shane telescope at Lick Observatory. It has an orbital period of 117 days, an eccentricity of 0.4, and a mass at least 7.4 times that of Jupiter.<ref name="berkeley"/><ref name="Marcy1996"/>
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