1294

Template:Use mdy dates Template:About year Template:Year nav Template:C13 year in topicYear 1294 (MCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events

Asia

• February 18 – Kublai Khan dies; by this time the separation of the four khanates of the Mongol Empire (the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia, the Golden Horde in Russia, the Ilkhanate in Persia, and the Yuan Dynasty in China) has deepened.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Europe

• March 30 – A Novgorodian army led by Prince Roman Glebovich attempts a storm of Vyborg, but the attack fails.<ref name="Ulf0">Template:Cite book</ref>
• Spring – Following the arrival of a fleet from Sweden, an offensive takes place in which Sweden captures Kexholm after an assault.<ref name="Ulf0" />
• July 5 – Following the Papal election, 1292–94, Pope Celestine V succeeds Nicholas IV, becoming the 192nd pope.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Autumn – In response to the actions of new royal administrators in north and west Wales, Madog ap Llywelyn leads a revolt against his English overlords.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• December 24 – Pope Boniface VIII succeeds Pope Celestine V, becoming the 193rd pope, after Celestine V abdicates the papacy on December 13, only five months after reluctantly accepting his surprise election on July 5, wishing to return to his life as an ascetic hermit.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• John Balliol, King of Scotland, decides to refuse King Edward I of England's demands for support in a planned invasion of France, the result being the negotiation of the Auld Alliance with France and Norway in the following year. These actions play a part in precipitating the Scottish Wars of Independence, which begin in 1296.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Strata Florida Abbey is rebuilt; it had been destroyed some years earlier, during King Edward I of England's conquest of Wales.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Architect Arnolfo di Cambio designs Florence Cathedral (Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore, better known simply as Il Duomo); he also begins work on the Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• England and Portugal enter into the first iteration of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, the oldest alliance in the world still in force.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Edward I of England and Philip the Fair of France declare war on each other. To finance this war, both kings lay taxes on the clergy. Pope Boniface VIII insists that kings gain papal consent for taxation of the clergy, and forbids churchmen to pay taxes.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Births

• June 18 or June 19 – Charles IV of France (d. 1328)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• John, Duke of Durazzo (d. 1336)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• date unknown – Kusunoki Masashige, Japanese samurai (d. 1336)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut (d. 1342)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Deaths

File:YuanEmperorAlbumKhubilaiPortrait.jpg

Kublai Khan

• February 18 – Kublai Khan of the Mongol Empire (b. 1215)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• May 3 – John I, Duke of Brabant<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• June 12 – John I of Brienne, Count of Eu<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• December 25 – Mestwin II, Duke of Pomerania<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• date unknown
  • Emperor Yagbe'u Seyon of Ethiopia<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
  • Brunetto Latini, Florentine philosopher (b. c. 1220)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Dmitri of Pereslavl, Grand Duke of Vladimir-Suzdal<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>