Boise City, Oklahoma
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Boise City (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is a city in and the county seat of Cimarron County, in the Panhandle of Oklahoma, United States.<ref name="EOHC-BoiseCity"/> Its population was 1,166 at the 2020 census, a decline of 7.9% from 1,266 in 2010.<ref>CensusViewer:Boise City, Oklahoma Population. Template:Webarchive Retrieved December 4, 2013.</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
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Boise City was founded in 1908 by developers J. E. Stanley, A. J. Kline, and W. T. Douglas (all doing business as the Southwestern Immigration and Development Company of Guthrie, Oklahoma), who published and distributed brochures promoting the town as an elegant, tree-lined city with paved streets, numerous businesses, railroad service, and an artesian well.Template:Efn They sold 3,000 lots to buyers who discovered, on their arrival, that none of the information in the brochure was true. In addition to using false publicity, the three men did not have title to the lots they sold.
Stanley and Kline were convicted of mail fraud and sent to Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary. Stanley and Kline served two-year terms in the penitentiary. Douglas died of tuberculosis before beginning his sentence. Despite the fraud by the original developers, the town nevertheless took shape and was incorporated on July 20, 1925.<ref name="EOHC-BoiseCity"/>
The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture says that the origin of the town name is unclear, but offers three possibilities: (1) a Captain Boice who was a hero in the Civil War, (2) the town of Boise, Idaho, or (3) the Boise Cattle Company, which ran cattle in the area.<ref name="EOHC-BoiseCity">Young, Norma Gene. "Boise City," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Accessed June 17, 2015.</ref> It was speculated in Ken Burns' documentary, The Dust Bowl, that the town name was chosen as part of the original land scam to evoke a false image of the town, as boisé is French for "wooded".
Boise City's prosperity in the 1930s, like that of Cimarron County generally, was severely affected by its location at the heart of the Dust Bowl region.<ref name="Seelye">Seelye, Katharine Q. "Survivor of Dust Bowl Now Battles a Fiercer Drought." New York Times. May 3, 2011. Accessed July 23, 2017.</ref><ref name= "Parker">Parker, Laura. "Parched: A New Dust Bowl Forms in the Heartland." National Geographic." May 17, 2014. Accessed July 23, 2017.</ref>
Boise City was the location of an unusual event during World War II, when it was mistakenly bombed by a friendly U.S. bomber crew during training. The bombing occurred on July 5, 1943, around 12:30 am by a B-17 Flying Fortress bomber.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> This occurred because pilots performing target practice became disoriented and mistook the four lights centered around the town's main square as their target. No one was killed in the attack, and damage was minimal, as only practice bombs with four pounds of dynamite and 90 pounds of sand were used, and the square was deserted, but the pilots were embarrassed. For the 50th anniversary of the incident, the crew of the bomber was invited back to Boise City, but all members declined, some for health reasons and others because they did not want to draw more attention to their mishap. The B-17's former radio operator did, however, send an audio tape that was played at the celebration.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Geography
[edit]Boise City is located at Template:Coord (36.730115, -102.511419).<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref> According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, all land.
Climate
[edit]Template:Climate chart Boise City experiences a semiarid climate (Köppen BSk) with mild, dry winters and long, hot, wetter summers. A large degree of diurnal temperature variation occurs year-round.
According to weather data tallied between July 1, 1985, and June 30, 2015, for every location in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's official climate database, Boise City, Oklahoma, is the snowiest place in Oklahoma, with an average of 31.8 inches of snow per year. <ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Weather box
Demographics
[edit]Template:US Census population As of the 2929 census,<ref name="GR2" /> 1,166 people and 440 households lived in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. The 675 housing units had a density of 230.4/km{. The racial makeup of the city was 87.5% White (61.6% non-Hispanic), 0.1% African American, 0.3% Native American, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 34.4% of the population.
Of the 440 households, 46.8% were married couples living together, 28.63% had a female householder with no husband present, 13.8% had a male householder with no husband present, and 10.7% were individuals living alone. The average household size was two.
The population age was distributed such that 8.1% were 5 years or younger, 31.2% were between 5 and 18 years old, 68.8% were 18 years or older, and 16.8% were 65 years and older. The median age was 35.2 years.
The median income for a household in the city was $42,750, and the median income for a family was $46,350.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Economy
[edit]The local economy is based on ranching, farming, and the production of oil and natural gas.<ref name="EOHC-BoiseCity"/>
The local paper, starting as the Cimarron News in 1898 in Kenton, Oklahoma, has been known as The Boise City News since 1930.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Calling itself the Official Newspaper of Cimarron County, it is available in both print and digital editions.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Transportation
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Highways include U.S. routes 56, 64, 287, 385, 412, and State Highway 325.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Boise City Airport, which serves all of the county, is located about six miles north of the town center.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Commercial air transport is available out of Liberal Mid-America Regional Airport in Kansas<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> roughly 99 miles east-northeast,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> or the larger Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport in Texas,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> about 127 miles south-southeast of the city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Freight rail service is provided by BNSF Railway, as well as the Cimarron Valley Railroad.<ref name=BNSF/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Attractions
[edit]The Cimarron Heritage Center Museum includes exhibits and artifacts on dinosaurs, the Santa Fe Trail, and other local historic sites.<ref name=Travel>Template:Cite web</ref> The museum grounds showcase a restored Santa Fe Depot, a blacksmith shop, a one-room schoolhouse, a windmill exhibit, buggies, and more.<ref name=Travel/> The grounds are home to "Cimmy" the "Cimarronasaurus", a metal sculpture 65 ft long and 35 ft tall, said to be a life-sized Apatosaurus dinosaur cut-out calculated from the bones of a dinosaur that was actually excavated in western Cimarron County in the 1930s.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Cimarron County Chamber of Commerce is located in a red train caboose.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Out front of the caboose is featured the Boise City Bomb Memorial, commemorating the accidental 1943 aerial bombardment.<ref>The memorial may have been taken in, temporarily or permanently. Template:Cite web</ref>
Autograph Rock Historic District, containing rutted traces of the Cimarron Cutoff of the Santa Fe Trail, features Autograph Rock, inscribed with the names of travelers from the 1850-1865 era.<ref name=ok>Template:Cite web</ref> Access to the site can be granted at the Cimarron Heritage Center Museum.<ref name=Travel/> The separate Cold Spring and Inscription Rock Historic District similarly features Inscription Rock with Santa Fe Trail travelers' names inscribed, but also has a former camp site with a stone building that served as a stagecoach station, and a stone spring house.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Cimarron County Courthouse was designed by M.C. Parker in the Classical Revival and Neoclassical styles and constructed in red brick. It opened in 1926 after the previous wood-frame courthouse burned down.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Notable people
[edit]- Vera Miles, actress<ref>Foley, Jr., Hugh W. "Vera Miles," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, Oklahoma Historical Society; accessed May 5, 2015.</ref>
In popular culture
[edit]Boise City during the Dust Bowl was the main setting for the 99th episode of the horror podcast The Magnus Archives.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
[edit]- LORAN-C transmitter Boise
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Cimarron County, Oklahoma
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]External links
[edit]- Boise City Public Schools
- The Boise City News, local newspaper
- Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Boise City
Template:Cimarron County, Oklahoma Template:Oklahoma county seats Template:Authority control