Park Hill, Oklahoma
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Park Hill is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in southwestern Cherokee County, Oklahoma, United States.<ref>Template:GNIS</ref> The population was 3,909 at the 2010 census.<ref name="Census 2010">Template:Cite web</ref> It lies near Tahlequah, east of the junction of U.S. Route 62 and State Highway 82.
Founded in 1838, Park Hill became the home of many important Cherokee leaders, including John Ross after their removal from the southeastern U.S. It has been called "the center of Cherokee culture."
History
[edit]Park Hill was a pre-established hamlet that became the home for many of the Cherokee after coming from the East on the "Trail of Tears". In 1829 the Park Hill Mission was established.<ref name="place_names"/> The mission had one of the earliest presses in Oklahoma, the Park Hill Mission Press. The first post office was established at Park Hill on May 18, 1838.<ref name="place_names"> Template:Cite book </ref> It was in Park Hill that Chief John Ross made his home in 1839,<ref name = "ghost_towns">Template:Cite book </ref> as well as his nephew-in-law George Murrell, whose home still stands.<ref name= "ghost_towns"/> On May 6, 1847, the post office was moved to Tahlequah.<ref name="place_names"/> The Cherokee Female Seminary was built here in 1849.<ref name= "ghost_towns"/>
Park Hill was the center of culture for the Cherokees for many years,<ref name="place_names"/> and as such in 1940 the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America in Oklahoma erected a marker at Park Hill declaring it the "Center of Cherokee culture".
The post office at Park Hill was re-established April 22, 1892.<ref name="place_names"/>
In and around Park Hill are several important sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including the Murrell Home, the Park Hill Mission Cemetery (also known as the Worcester cemetery),<ref name="NPS-PHMC">[[[:Template:NRHP url]]</ref> the Ross Cemetery, and the original Cherokee Female Seminary. The Cherokee Heritage Center in Park Hill, was built on the former grounds of the Female Seminary. The Echota Ceremonial Ground has been located in Park Hill since 2001, on the north side of town.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Park Hill Mission, which antedated the community, was founded in 1829. The first person buried in Park Hill Mission Cemetery was Elias Boudinot, founder of the Cherokee Phoenix newspaper, who was assassinated in Park Hill on June 23, 1839. Samuel Worcester and his two wives were also interred here. The last burial in this cemetery was a Worcester daughter, Ann Eliza Worcester Robertson. in 1905. This cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 2006.<ref name="NPS-PHMC"/>
Geography
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Park Hill is located south of the center of Cherokee County and is bordered to the north by Tahlequah, the county seat. U.S. Route 62 leads north to Tahlequah and southwest Template:Convert to Muskogee, while Oklahoma State Highway 82 leads south Template:Convert to Vian.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Park Hills CDP has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert, or 1.48%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010"/>
Demographics
[edit]Template:US Census population As of the census<ref name="USCensus2010PopulationAndHousing">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2010, there were 3,909 people, 1,260 households, and 986 families residing in the CDP. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 1,437 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the CDP was 43.4% White, 1.3% African American, 40.3% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 4% from other races, and 10.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.9% of the population.
There were 1,254 households, out of which 47.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 20.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.1% were non-families. 15.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.28.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.8% under the age of 18, 14.1% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males.<ref name="USCensus2010AgeSex">Template:Cite web</ref>
The median income for a household in the CDP was $40,135, and the median income for a family was $37,299. Males had a median income of $32,308 versus $29,125 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,816. About 37.8% of families and 40.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 64.0% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="AmericanCommunitySurvey2006-2010">Template:Cite web</ref>
Education
[edit]The zoned school districts that include parts of the Park Hill CDP include Tahlequah Public Schools, Keys Public School, and Woodall Public School.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Sequoyah High School and Cherokee Immersion School are in Park Hill CDP.<ref>Template:Cite web - The land with Sequoyah HS is on page 3.
2000 Map: Template:Cite web - page 3</ref><ref name=Sequoyahpostaladdy>Template:Cite web - Compare the address to the CDP maps.</ref><ref>Template:Cite web - Compare the address to the U.S. Census Bureau maps. Please note the school is not (as of 2020) in the Tahlequah city limits. The city of Houston stated in 1996 that the US Postal Service does not match city names of postal addresses to actual municipal boundaries.</ref>
Parks and recreation
[edit]The tribal softball fields are in Park Hill.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Notable people from Park Hill
[edit]- Elias Boudinot (1802-1839), editor of Cherokee Phoenix, assassinated in Park Hill
- Elias Cornelius Boudinot (1835-1890), son of Elias Boudinot, lived in Park Hill until his father's death
- Alice Brown Davis (1852–1935), Principal Chief of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma
- John Ross (1790-1866), Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation
- Mary G. Ross (1908-2008), the first Native American female engineer
- Tommy Wildcat (b. May 3, 1967), Native American flutist, storyteller, lecturer, and traditionalist
- Samuel Worcester (1798–1859), missionary to the Cherokee. Lived, died, and was buried in Park Hill.
Gallery
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References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Editors. "Historical Notes". Chronicles of Oklahoma 19:1 (March 1941) 99-103. (accessed March 8, 2007)
- Shirk, George H. Oklahoma Place Names. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987. Template:ISBN .
- Wright, Murial. "Notes of the Life of Mrs. Hannah Worcester Hicks Hitchcock and the Park Hill Press". Chronicles of Oklahoma 19:4 (December 1941) 348–355. (accessed March 8, 2007)