Jump to content

Foreign relations of the Comoros

From Niidae Wiki
Revision as of 15:30, 8 May 2025 by imported>Semsûrî (ce)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Template:Short description Template:Politics of Comoros In November 1975, Comoros became the 143rd member of the United Nations. The new nation was defined as consisting of the entire archipelago, despite the fact that France maintains control over Mayotte.

Overview

[edit]

Comoros also is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, the European Development Fund, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Indian Ocean Commission, and the African Development Bank.

The government fostered close relationships with the more conservative (and oil-rich) Arab states, such as Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.<ref name=cs/> It frequently received aid from those countries and the regional financial institutions they influenced, such as the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa and the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development.<ref name=cs/> In October 1993, Comoros joined the League of Arab States, after having been rejected when it applied for membership initially in 1977.<ref name=cs/>

Regional relations generally were good.<ref name=cs/> In 1985 Madagascar, Mauritius, and Seychelles agreed to admit Comoros as the fourth member of the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), an organization established in 1982 to encourage regional cooperation.<ref name=cs/> In 1993 Mauritius and Seychelles had two of the five embassies in Moroni, and Mauritius and Madagascar were connected to the republic by regularly scheduled commercial flights.<ref name=cs/>

In November 1975, Comoros became the 143d member of the UN. In the 1990s, the republic continued to represent Mahoré in the UN.<ref name=cs/> Comoros was also a member of the OAU, the EDF, the World Bank, the IMF, the IOC, and the African Development Bank.<ref name=cs/>

Comoros thus cultivated relations with various nations, both East and West, seeking to increase trade and obtain financial assistance.<ref name=cs/> In 1994, however, it was increasingly facing the need to control its expenditures and reorganize its economy so that it would be viewed as a sounder recipient of investment.<ref name=cs/> Comoros also confronted domestically the problem of the degree of democracy the government was prepared to grant to its citizens, a consideration that related to its standing in the world community.<ref name=cs/>

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which the Comoros maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of the Comoros.svg
# Country Date
1 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name="Comoros">Template:Cite web</ref>
2 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
3 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
4 Template:Flag Template:DTS<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
5 Template:Flag Template:DTS<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
6 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
7 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
8 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":022">Template:Cite book</ref>
9 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
10 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
11 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
12 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
13 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
14 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
15 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
16 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name="Emma Best 1977">Template:Cite book</ref>
17 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
18 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
19 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
20 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
21 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
22 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
23 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name="Société africaine d'édition">Template:Cite book</ref>
24 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":12">Template:Cite web</ref>
25 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
26 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
27 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
28 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name="ReferenceA">Template:Cite book</ref>
29 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
30 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
31 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref>
32 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
33 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
34 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
35 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
36 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
37 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
38 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
39 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
40 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
41 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
42 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
43 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
44 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":32">Template:Cite web</ref>
45 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name="auto9">Template:Cite book</ref>
46 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
47 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
48 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
49 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":33">Template:Cite web</ref>
50 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
51 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
52 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
53 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
54 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
55 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
56 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
57 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
58 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
59 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
60 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
— Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
61 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
62 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
63 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name="embassyinKenya">Template:Cite web</ref>
64 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
65 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
66 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
67 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
68 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
69 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
70 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
71 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
72 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref>
73 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
74 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
75 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
76 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
77 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
78 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
79 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
80 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
81 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
82 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
83 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
84 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
85 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
86 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
87 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
88 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
89 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
90 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
91 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
92 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
93 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
94 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
95 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
96 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
97 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
98 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":138">Template:Cite web</ref>
99 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
100 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
101 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
102 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
103 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
104 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
105 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
106 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":03">Template:Cite web</ref>
107 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
108 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
109 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
110 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
111 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
112 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
113 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
114 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
115 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
116 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
117 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Cbignore</ref>
118 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
119 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
120 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
121 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
122 Template:Flag Template:Dts<ref name=":1" />
123 Template:Flag Template:Date table sorting<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
124 Template:Flag Unknown
125 Template:Flag Unknown
126 Template:Flag Unknown
127 Template:Flag Unknown
128 Template:Flag Unknown
129 Template:Flag Unknown
— Template:Flag (suspended)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Unknown<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Bilateral relations

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Template:Flag 15 November 1976
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 1976<ref name="Emma Best 1977"/>
  • Comoros maintains an embassy in Brussels.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag 13 November 1975 See China–Comoros relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 November 1975<ref name="Comoros"/>

Comoros also hosted an embassy of China, which established relations during the Soilih regime.<ref name=cs/> The Chinese had long been a source of aid and apparently wished to maintain contact with Comoros to counterbalance Indian and Soviet (later Russian) influence in the Indian Ocean.<ref name=cs/>

In August 2008, a Comorian delegation visited China on a good-will visit. Together with the Chinese defense minister Liang Guanglie, and Chief of Staff of the Comoros armed forces Salimou Mohamed Amiri, pledged to increase cooperation between the military of the two nations. Amiri stated that Comoros will continue to adhere to the One-China policy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

A comprehensive Chinese-assisted treatment campaign has apparently eliminated malaria from the Comorian island of Moheli (population 36,000). Administered by Li Guoqiao at the Tropical Medicine Institute, the program relies on hybrid Artemisia annua of hybrid ancestry, which was used for a drug regimen by which all residents of the island, whether or not visibly ill, took two doses at a 40-day interval. This eliminated the human reservoir of the disease and reduced hospital admissions to 1% or less of January 2008 levels. Visitors to Moheli are now required to take antimalarial drugs, a mix of artemisinin, primaquine and pyrimethamine that China provides for free. When asked about Artemisia exports, Li was quoted, "We want to grow them in China and whatever we export depends on bilateral relationships." Comoros has requested a similar program for Grande Comore and Anjouan, total population 760,000, and Li said that Beijing has agreed in principle.<ref>Africa: Ending Malaria in Sight? AfricaFocus Bulletin, africafocus@igc.org, 2009-11-30.</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Template:Flag The countries maintain diplomatic relations and Congolese President Félix Tshisekedi visited Comoros in 2023.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Template:Flag

Cyprus is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Pretoria.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 1 December 1981<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Denmark is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 19 December 1977

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1977<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Comoros is represented in Finland by its embassy in Paris, France.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 1 July 1978 See France–Comoros relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 July 1978<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Comoros' most significant international relationship is that with France.<ref name="cs">Template:Cite web</ref> The three years of estrangement following the unilateral declaration of independence and the nationalistic Soilih regime were followed during the conservative Abdallah and Djohar regimes by a period of growing trade, aid, cultural, and defense links between the former colony and France, punctuated by frequent visits to Paris by the head of state and occasional visits by the French president to Moroni.<ref name=cs/> The leading military power in the region, France has detachments on Mahoré and Réunion, and its Indian Ocean fleet sails the waters around the islands.<ref name=cs/> France and Comoros signed a mutual security treaty in 1978; following the mercenary coup against Abdallah in 1989, French troops restored order and took responsibility for reorganizing and training the Comorian army.<ref name=cs/> With Mahoré continuing to gravitate politically and economically toward France, and Comoros increasingly dependent on the French for help with its own considerable social, political, and economic problems, the issue of Mahoré diminished somewhat in urgency.<ref name=cs/>

Comoros claims French-administered Mayotte & the Glorioso Islands.

Template:Flag 4 June 1976 See Comoros–India relations
Template:Flag 23 June 1983 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 June 1983<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag 24 October 2018

Ireland is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 1 November 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 November 1976<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag 14 November 1977<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Comorian relations with Japan were also significant because Japan was the second largest provider of aid, consisting of funding for fisheries, food, and highway development.<ref name=cs/>

Template:Flag 1 April 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 April 1976<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Template:Flag 2000 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2000.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag 13 October 2008 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 October 2008<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
  • The Comoros does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
  • Mexico is accredited to the Comoros from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Flag The two countries maintain diplomatic relations and signed 11 agreements in 2022.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Template:Flag 21 February 1977
Template:Flag The two countries maintain cordial relations.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Template:Flag See Comoros–North Korea relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on November 13, 1975.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Template:Flag See Comoros–Qatar relations

Comoros severed the diplomatic relations with Qatar in June 2017.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Comoros.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Template:Flag 24 November 1976

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 November 1976.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Serbia is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 14 May 1993

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1993<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The close relationship Comoros developed with South Africa in the 1980s was much less significant to both countries in the 1990s.<ref name="cs" /> With the reform of its apartheid government, South Africa no longer needed Comoros as evidence of its ostensible ability to enjoy good relations with a black African state; the end of the Cold War had also diminished Comoros' strategic value to Pretoria.<ref name="cs" /> Although South Africa continued to provide developmental aid, it closed its consulate in Moroni in 1992.<ref name="cs" /> Since the 1989 coup and subsequent expulsion of South African-financed mercenaries, Comoros likewise turned away from South Africa and toward France for assistance with its security needs.<ref name="cs" />

Template:Flag 22 August 1979<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> See Comoros–Turkey relations
  • The Embassy of the Comoros in Cairo is accredited to Turkey.<ref name="auto116">Template:Cite web</ref>
  • The Turkish ambassador in Antananarivo to Madagascar is also accredited to the Union of the Comoros.<ref name="auto116"/>
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$21.1 million in 2019.<ref name="auto116"/>
Template:Flag 23 July 1993
Template:Flag 3 October 1977

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1977.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

Great-Britain is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Antananarivo, Madagascar.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Template:Flag 15 August 1977 See Comoros–United States relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 August 1977.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The American Embassy at Moroni was established on August 26, 1985, with Edward Brynn as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim. The American Embassy at Moroni was closed on September 30, 1993. Subsequent American Ambassadors to Comoros also have been accredited to Mauritius, and resident at Port Louis. On March 6, 2006, responsibilities for Comoros were transferred from Embassy Port Louis to Embassy Antananarivo. The two countries enjoy friendly relations.<ref name="cs" /> The historic under-commitment by the US within France's sphere of interest in the Indian Ocean looks set to continue after a November 2009 meeting between heads of state.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Future friendly relations continue to look promising between the Comoros and America.

Template:Flag 21 May 2005
Template:Flag 6 January 1985

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 January 1985<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In April 2008, the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation of Yemen and Comoros Ministry of Fishery and Environment signed a "Memo of Understanding" (MOU) concerning agricultural cooperation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Template:Reflist

Template:Foreign relations of Comoros Template:Comoros topics Template:Africa in topic

Retrieved from "https://wiki.niidae.com/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_the_Comoros&oldid=9574"