Hardyston Township, New Jersey
Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox settlement Hardyston Township is a township in Sussex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 8,125,<ref name=Census2020/><ref name=LWD2020/> a decrease of 88 (−1.1%) from the 2010 census count of 8,213,<ref name=Census2010/><ref name=LWD2010/> which in turn reflected an increase of 2,042 (+33.1%) from the 6,171 counted in the 2000 census.<ref>Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed May 1, 2023.</ref>
History
[edit]Hardyston Township was set off from portions of Newton Township by Royal charter on February 25, 1762.<ref name=Story>Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 230. Accessed May 28, 2024.</ref><ref>Snell, James P. (1881) History of Sussex and Warren Counties, New Jersey, With Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers. (Centennial ed., Harmony, NJ: Harmony Press, 1981, p. 335)</ref> It was named after Josiah Hardy, who was royal governor of New Jersey from 1761 to 1763.<ref>Haines, Alanson A. Hardyston Memorial: A History of The Township and the North Presbyterian Church, Hardyston, Sussex County, New Jersey. (New Jersey Herald Print, Newton, N.J., 1888, p. 19)</ref><ref>Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed August 31, 2015.</ref> The original British spelling of Hardiston was Americanized to Hardyston after the American Revolutionary War.<ref>History of Sussex County, Sussex County Gen Web. Accessed September 30, 2007. "Hardyston is the American spelling of the British Hardiston, which was changed after the American Revolutionary War."</ref>
Hardyston was incorporated on February 21, 1798, by an act of the New Jersey Legislature as one of New Jersey's original group of 104 townships. Over the centuries, portions of the township were taken to form Vernon Township (April 8, 1793), Sparta (April 14, 1845), Franklin (March 18, 1913) and Hamburg (March 19, 1920).<ref name=Story/>
Hardyston was serviced first by the New Jersey Midland Railway, which built the station in Stockholm. However, there was a dispute over the name as that area was known as Snufftown because of the snuff factory along the Pequannock River, which provide the water power. Through a series of events between the residents of Stockholm and the railroad, the area eventually changed the name from Snufftown to Stockholm. Later, it was the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway, who provided service into the early 1960s when a mud slide removed a large section of trackage in West Milford Township and coupled with low productivity, the line was not repaired and service was disconnected. Today, the New York Susquehanna and Western Railway runs freight through Hardyston. The main highways are Route 23 and Route 94.
A large eastern portion of the township is owned by the City of Newark, Essex County, for their Pequannock River Watershed, which provides water to the city from an area of Template:Convert that also includes portions of Jefferson Township, Kinnelon, Rockaway Township, Vernon Township and West Milford.<ref>Primerano, Jane. "Newark appealing watershed taxes against Jefferson", AIM Jefferson, May 8, 2015. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Besides West Milford and Jefferson, Newark owns watershed land in Hardyston, Vernon, and Rockaway Townships and Kinnelon Borough, Leach said."</ref><ref>City Of Newark v. Vernon Tp., Leagle from Tax Court of New Jersey, April 1, 1980. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Generally, the lands are part of the 35,000-acre Pequannock Watershed (approximately two times the size of Newark), which was purchased by Newark at the turn of the century to provide a water supply. The watershed, which contains five major bodies of water, is located in Vernon and Hardyston in Sussex County, Jefferson, Rockaway and Kinnelon in Morris County, and West Milford in Passaic County."</ref>
Cemetery
[edit]The township contains North Church Cemetery / North Hardyston Cemetery. Notable burials there include:
- Samuel Fowler (1779–1844), who served in the House of Representatives from 1833 to 1837.<ref>Samuel Fowler (1779–1844), Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 12, 2007.</ref>
- Samuel Fowler (1851–1919), represented New Jersey's 4th congressional district from 1893 to 1895.<ref>Samuel Fowler (1851–1919), Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 12, 2007.</ref>
- Daniel Haines (1801–1877) 14th Governor of New Jersey, from 1843 to 1845, and from 1848 to 1851.<ref>New Jersey Governor Daniel Haines, National Governors Association. Accessed August 12, 2007.</ref>
- John Linn (1763–1821) was a U.S. Representative from New Jersey from 1817 to 1821.<ref>John Linn, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 12, 2007.</ref>
Geography
[edit]According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 32.65 square miles (84.56 km2), including 31.99 square miles (82.84 km2) of land and 0.66 square miles (1.72 km2) of water (2.03%).<ref name=CensusArea/><ref name=GR1 />
Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Beaver Lake, Beaver Run, Big Springs, Bradys Pond, Hamburg, Hardistonville, Holland, Lake Stockholm, Monroe, North Church, Rudeville, Rudstown, Silver Lake, Stockholm, Summit Lake and Tamarack Lake.<ref>Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 21, 2015.</ref>
Postal ZIP Codes covering Hardyston Township include 07460 Stockholm, 07416 Franklin Borough, 07419 Hamburg Borough, and a small part of 07848 Lafayette Township.
The township borders the municipalities of Franklin, Hamburg, Lafayette Township, Ogdensburg, Sparta, Vernon Township and Wantage Township in Sussex County; Jefferson Township in Morris County; and West Milford in Passaic County.<ref>Sussex County Map, Sussex County, New Jersey. Accessed February 23, 2020.</ref><ref>New Jersey Municipal Boundaries, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed November 15, 2019.</ref>
In terms of physical geography, nearly all of Hardyston (excluding the portion of the township west of Hamburg along Route 94) lies within the New York – New Jersey Highlands, part of the greater Crystalline Appalachians that extend as far south as the Blue Ridge Mountains. Hardyston is home to portions of Hamburg Mountain (east of Franklin) and Pochuck Mountain (near Scenic Lakes) within this region. The remaining northwestern portion of the township lies within the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians. The prominent feature in the ridge-and-valley portion of the Township is the Wallkill Valley, through which the Wallkill River flows northeast to New York state.
Demographics
[edit]2010 census
[edit]The 2010 United States census counted 8,213 people, 3,255 households, and 2,376 families in the township. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 3,783 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup was 91.65% (7,527) White, 2.61% (214) Black or African American, 0.17% (14) Native American, 3.01% (247) Asian, 0.01% (1) Pacific Islander, 1.21% (99) from other races, and 1.35% (111) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.56% (457) of the population.<ref name=Census2010/>
Of the 3,255 households, 28.9% had children under the age of 18; 59.9% were married couples living together; 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present and 27.0% were non-families. Of all households, 22.1% were made up of individuals and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.97.<ref name=Census2010/>
21.3% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 32.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.4 years. For every 100 females, the population had 94.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 93.2 males.<ref name=Census2010/>
The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $81,655 (with a margin of error of +/− $6,575) and the median family income was $93,657 (+/− $14,035). Males had a median income of $70,592 (+/− $9,771) versus $42,899 (+/− $4,944) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $38,383 (+/− $2,894). About 3.5% of families and 6.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over.<ref>DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Hardyston township, Sussex County, New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed October 7, 2012.</ref>
2000 census
[edit]As of the 2000 United States census<ref name="GR2" /> there were 6,171 people, 2,319 households, and 1,716 families residing in the township. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 2,690 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the township was 95.56% White, 0.84% African American, 0.16% Native American, 1.57% Asian, 0.49% from other races, and 1.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.22% of the population.<ref name=Census2000>Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Hardyston township, Sussex County, New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed October 7, 2012.</ref><ref name=Census2000SF1>DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Hardyston township, Sussex County, New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed October 7, 2012.</ref>
There were 2,319 households, out of which 35.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.4% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.0% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.12.<ref name=Census2000/><ref name=Census2000SF1/>
In the township the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 31.9% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.<ref name=Census2000/><ref name=Census2000SF1/>
The median income for a household in the township was $65,511, and the median income for a family was $72,199. Males had a median income of $51,503 versus $32,319 for females. The per capita income for the township was $28,457. About 2.7% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.9% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over.<ref name=Census2000/><ref name=Census2000SF1/>
Government
[edit]Local government
[edit]Hardyston Township operates under a special charter granted by the New Jersey Legislature. The township is one of 11 municipalities (of the 564) statewide that use a special charter.<ref>Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey, Rutgers University Center for Government Studies, July 1, 2011. Accessed June 1, 2023.</ref><ref>"Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey", p. 15. Rutgers University Center for Government Studies. Accessed June 1, 2023.</ref> The governing body is comprised of the five-member Township Council, whose members are elected at-large in partisan elections to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election. At an annual reorganization meeting held in the first week of January, the council selects a mayor and a deputy mayor from among its members.<ref name=DataBook>2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 110.</ref><ref>Form of Government, Hardyston Township. Accessed October 7, 2012. "In 1985, Hardyston Township voted by referendum to adopt the council-manager form of government, which combines the strong political leadership of an elected council with the managerial expertise of an appointed manager or administrator."</ref>
Template:As of, the members of the Hardyston Township Council are Mayor Frank Cicerale (R, term on committee ends December 31, 2026; term as mayor ends 2025), Deputy Mayor Brian J. Kaminski (R, term on committee ends 2026; term as deputy mayor ends 2024), Stanley J. Kula (R, 2025), Carl B. Miller (R, 2024) and Santo Verrilli (R, 2025).<ref name=TownshipCouncil>Municipal Directory, Hardyston Township. Accessed May 24, 2024.</ref><ref>2024 Municipal Data Sheet, Hardyston Township. Accessed May 24, 2024.</ref><ref name=Sussex2023>Summary Results Report Official Results November 7 2023 General Election, Sussex County, New Jersey, November 22, 2023. Accessed February 1, 2024.</ref><ref name=Sussex2022>Sussex County, New Jersey General Election November 8, 2022, Official Results Summary Report, Sussex County, New Jersey, dated November 21, 2022. Accessed January 1, 2023.</ref><ref name=Sussex2021>Summary Results Report November 2, 2021 General Election Official Results, Sussex County, New Jersey, updated November 22, 2021. Accessed January 1, 2022.</ref>
Federal, state and county representation
[edit]Hardyston Township is located in the 5th Congressional District<ref name=PCR2012>Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.</ref> and is part of New Jersey's 24th state legislative district.<ref name=Districts2011>Municipalities Sorted by 2011-2020 Legislative District, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed February 1, 2020.</ref><ref name=LWV2019>2019 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed October 30, 2019.</ref><ref>Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.</ref>
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Template:NJ Sussex County Commissioners
Politics
[edit]As of March 2011, there were a total of 5,487 registered voters in Hardyston Township, of which 870 (15.9% vs. 16.5% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 1,962 (35.8% vs. 39.3%) were registered as Republicans and 2,652 (48.3% vs. 44.1%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 3 voters registered as Libertarians or Greens.<ref name=VoterRegistration>Voter Registration Summary - Sussex, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed February 20, 2013.</ref> Among the township's 2010 Census population, 66.8% (vs. 65.8% in Sussex County) were registered to vote, including 84.9% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 86.5% countywide).<ref name=VoterRegistration/><ref>GCT-P7: Selected Age Groups: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision; 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey Template:Webarchive, United States Census Bureau. Accessed February 20, 2013.</ref>
In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 2,186 votes (57.8% vs. 59.4% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 1,531 votes (40.5% vs. 38.2%) and other candidates with 55 votes (1.5% vs. 2.1%), among the 3,782 ballots cast by the township's 5,658 registered voters, for a turnout of 66.8% (vs. 68.3% in Sussex County).<ref>General Election November 6, 2012: District Report - Group Detail Template:Webarchive, Sussex County, New Jersey Clerk, run date November 30, 2012. Accessed February 20, 2013.</ref> In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 2,325 votes (57.2% vs. 59.2% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 1,654 votes (40.7% vs. 38.7%) and other candidates with 65 votes (1.6% vs. 1.5%), among the 4,062 ballots cast by the township's 5,304 registered voters, for a turnout of 76.6% (vs. 76.9% in Sussex County).<ref>2008 Presidential General Election Results: Sussex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed February 20, 2013.</ref> In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 2,194 votes (62.3% vs. 63.9% countywide), ahead of Democrat John Kerry with 1,279 votes (36.3% vs. 34.4%) and other candidates with 34 votes (1.0% vs. 1.3%), among the 3,522 ballots cast by the township's 4,507 registered voters, for a turnout of 78.1% (vs. 77.7% in the whole county).<ref>2004 Presidential Election: Sussex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed February 20, 2013.</ref>
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In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 70.6% of the vote (1,565 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 26.3% (583 votes), and other candidates with 3.1% (69 votes), among the 2,227 ballots cast by the township's 5,686 registered voters (10 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 39.2%.<ref name=2013Elections>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=2013VoterReg>Template:Cite web</ref> In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 1,637 votes (62.2% vs. 63.3% countywide), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 753 votes (28.6% vs. 25.7%), Independent Chris Daggett with 205 votes (7.8% vs. 9.1%) and other candidates with 29 votes (1.1% vs. 1.3%), among the 2,633 ballots cast by the township's 5,287 registered voters, yielding a 49.8% turnout (vs. 52.3% in the county).<ref>2009 Governor: Sussex County Template:Webarchive, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed February 20, 2013.</ref>
Education
[edit]Public school students in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade attend the schools of the Hardyston Township School District.<ref>Hardyston Township Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification, Hardyston Township School District. Accessed June 15, 2022. "Purpose The Board of Education exists for the purpose of providing a thorough and efficient system of free public education in grades Pre-Kindergarten through eight in the Hardyston Township School District. Composition The Hardyston Township School District is comprised of all the area within the municipal boundaries of Hardyston Township."</ref> As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of two schools, had an enrollment of 593 students and 57.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.4:1.<ref name=NCES>District information for Hardyston Township School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.</ref> Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics<ref>School Data for Hardyston Township Public School, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.</ref>) are Hardyston Township School<ref>Hardyston Township School, Hardyston Township School District. Accessed June 15, 2022.</ref> with 318 students in grades Pre-K–5 and Hardyston Middle School<ref>Hardyston Middle School, Hardyston Township School District. Accessed June 15, 2022.</ref> with 274 students in grades 6–8.<ref>School Performance Reports for the Hardyston Township School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed April 1, 2024.</ref><ref>New Jersey School Directory for the Hardyston Township School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed February 1, 2024.</ref>
For ninth through twelfth grades, public school students attend Wallkill Valley Regional High School which also serves students from Franklin Borough, Hamburg Borough and Ogdensburg Borough, and is part of the Wallkill Valley Regional High School District.<ref>Home page, Wallkill Valley Regional High School. Accessed October 28, 2017. "We proudly serve the districts of: Franklin | Hamburg | Hardyston | Ogdensburg"</ref><ref>Jennings, Rob. "Wallkill Valley grad named superintendent/principal" Template:Webarchive, New Jersey Herald, August 26, 2015. Accessed October 28, 2017. "Wallkill Valley Regional High School enrolls students from Hamburg, Hardyston, Ogdensburg and Franklin."</ref> As of the 2020–21 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 590 students and 52.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.3:1.<ref>School data for Wallkill Valley Regional High School, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.</ref> Seats on the high school district's nine-member board of education are allocated based on the populations of the constituent municipalities, with four seats assigned to Hardyston Township.<ref name=Board>Dates and Board Members, Wallkill Valley Regional High School. Accessed August 27, 2020.</ref>
Transportation
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Template:As of, the township had a total of Template:Convert of roadways, of which Template:Convert were maintained by the municipality, Template:Convert by Sussex County and Template:Convert by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.<ref>Sussex County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.</ref>
Route 23<ref>Route 23 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated June 2017. Accessed November 23, 2022.</ref> and Route 94<ref>Route 94 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated April 2016. Accessed November 23, 2022.</ref> are the main highways serving Hardyston Township. County Route 515<ref>County Route 515 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated June 2012. Accessed November 23, 2022.</ref> and County Route 517<ref>County Route 515 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated November 2012. Accessed November 23, 2022.</ref> also traverse the township.
Wineries
[edit]Notable people
[edit]Template:Category see also People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Hardyston Township include:
- A. L. A. Himmelwright (1865–1936), a civil engineer, author, adventurer and marksman who was the general manager of The Roebling Construction Company<ref>About Us / Historical Timeline, Rock Lodge Club. Accessed January 14, 2018. "1910 - census indicates A.L.A. Himmelwright is living in Stockholm, NJ with his family and 3 servants."</ref>
- Christopher Sieber (born 1969), actor best known for his roles as Kevin Burke in Two of a Kind starring Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen, and Lord Farquaad in Shrek the Musical<ref>Staff. "Artist activists will come together to support county Democrats", New Jersey Herald, May 7, 2017. Accessed January 13, 2018. "Billeisen, who will emcee the evening, will be joined by Seth Danner and Christopher Sieber, Stockholm resident and two-time Tony nominee for Monty Python's Spamalot and Shrek The Musical, along with other contributing performers."Template:Dead link</ref>
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Truran, William R. Franklin, Hamburg, Ogdensburg, and Hardyston (Images of America). (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2004).