Sophie, Duchess of Edinburgh

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Sophie, Duchess of Edinburgh (born Sophie Helen Rhys-Jones; 20 January 1965) is a member of the British royal family. She is married to Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh, the youngest sibling of King Charles III.

Sophie grew up in Brenchley, Kent, and later attended West Kent College, training as a secretary. She then worked in public relations, representing firms across the UK, Switzerland and Australia before opening her own agency in 1996. She met Edward in 1987 while working for Capital Radio; they began dating in 1993. Their engagement was announced in January 1999, and they married on 19 June at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. The couple have two children: Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor and James Mountbatten-Windsor, Earl of Wessex, who are respectively sixteenth and fifteenth in line to the British throne Template:As of.

In 2002, Sophie closed her business interests and began full-time work as a member of the royal family. She is the patron of over 70 charities and organisations, including Childline and the London College of Fashion. She undertakes over 200 engagements each year, including visits to schools, universities and military bases.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Her charity work primarily revolves around people with disabilities, women's rights, avoidable blindness and agriculture.

Early life and career

Sophie Helen Rhys-Jones was born at Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, on 20 January 1965 into a middle-class family.<ref name="officialarchived">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=TatlerWessex>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Her father, Christopher Bournes Rhys-Jones (born 1931), is a retired sales director for an importer of industrial tyres and rubber goods.<ref name=TatlerWessex/> Her mother was Mary (née O'Sullivan; 1934–2005), a charity worker and secretary.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She has an elder brother, David (born 1963), and was named after her father's sister, Helen, who died in a riding accident in 1960. Her godfather, actor Thane Bettany, was her father's stepbrother; both men spent their early life in Sarawak, North Borneo, then a British Protectorate ruled by the White Rajahs.<ref>Biography of Paul Bettany Template:Webarchive</ref>

She descends from King Henry IV of England<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and is related to the family of the Viscounts Molesworth through her grandmother, Margaret Patricia Rhys-Jones (née Molesworth; 1904–1985), who was the great-granddaughter of the Rev. John Molesworth, himself the father of Sir Guilford Molesworth and a great-grandson of Robert Molesworth, 1st Viscount Molesworth.<ref>Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage Template:Webarchive, 107th edition, volume 2, 2003. pages 2720–2731.</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Robert Molesworth, 12th Viscount Molesworth (b.1959) was a guest at Rhys-Jones's wedding to Prince Edward in 1999.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Rhys-Jones was raised in a four-bedroom 17th-century farmhouse in Brenchley, Kent. She began her education at Dulwich Preparatory School, before moving on to Kent College, Pembury, where she was friends with Sarah Sienesi, with whom she subsequently shared a flat in Fulham and who later became her lady-in-waiting. Rhys-Jones then trained as a secretary at West Kent College, Tonbridge.<ref name="place">Template:Cite news</ref>

She began a career in public relations, working for a variety of firms, including four years at Capital Radio,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> where she was assigned to the press and promotions department, as well as public relations companies The Quentin Bell Organisation and MacLaurin Communications & Media.<ref name="career">Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref> She also worked as a ski representative in Switzerland and spent a year travelling and working in Australia. In 1996, Rhys-Jones launched her public relations agency, RJH Public Relations, which she ran with her business partner, Murray Harkin, for five years.<ref name="career"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Prior to her marriage, Rhys-Jones lived at Coleherne Court, London.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Marriage and children

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File:The Earl and Countess of Wessex.JPG

Sophie and Edward at Trooping the Colour in London, June 2013

While working at Capital Radio, Rhys-Jones met Prince Edward, the youngest son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, for the first time in 1987 when he was dating her friend.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She met him again at a promotion shoot for the Prince Edward Summer Challenge to raise money for charity in 1993, and the two began their relationship soon afterwards.<ref name="Meares-Mar22">Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In December 1993 and amid growing speculation about whether they were planning to marry, Edward wrote a letter to newspaper editors, in which he denied any wedding plans and asked the media to respect their privacy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Edward proposed to Rhys-Jones at a vacation in the Bahamas in December 1998 and their engagement was announced on 6 January 1999.<ref name="Meares-Mar22"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Edward proposed to her with an engagement ring featuring a two-carat oval diamond flanked by two heart-shaped gemstones set in 18-carat white gold. The ring was made by Asprey and Garrard (now Garrard & Co) and is worth an estimated £105,000.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Rhys-Jones, who was reportedly close to the Queen from the beginning of her relationship with Edward, was allowed to use the royal apartments at Buckingham Palace prior to her engagement.<ref name="Tel-2013"/>

The wedding took place on 19 June 1999 at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, a break from the weddings of Edward's older siblings, which were large, formal events at Westminster Abbey or St Paul's Cathedral.<ref name="Ppl-99">Template:Cite magazine</ref> On the day of their marriage, Prince Edward was created a hereditary peer as Earl of Wessex with the subsidiary title of Viscount Severn (derived from the Welsh roots of his wife's family).<ref name=bbcroyaltitles>Template:Cite news</ref>

The couple spent their honeymoon at Balmoral Castle.<ref name="Ppl-99"/> Following their union, the Earl and Countess of Wessex moved to Bagshot Park, their home in Surrey.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> While their private residence is Bagshot Park, their office and official London residence is based at Buckingham Palace.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In December 2001, Sophie was taken to the King Edward VII Hospital after feeling unwell. It was discovered that she was suffering from an ectopic pregnancy and the foetus had to be removed.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Two years later, on 8 November 2003, she prematurely gave birth to her daughter, Lady Louise, resulting from a sudden placental abruption that placed both mother and child at risk, and the Countess had to undergo an emergency caesarean section at Frimley Park Hospital, while the Earl of Wessex rushed back from Mauritius.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Sophie returned to Frimley Park Hospital on 17 December 2007, to give birth, again by caesarean section, to her son, James (then Viscount Severn, now Earl of Wessex).<ref name="BBC birth">Template:Cite news</ref>

Public life

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Sophie and Edward at the Queen's Birthday Parade in Gibraltar in 2012

Sophie's first overseas tour after her marriage was to the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island in 2000.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

In December 2011, the Countess of Wessex joined her husband visiting troops in Afghanistan. In February and March 2012, the Earl and Countess visited the Caribbean for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee, visiting Saint Lucia, Barbados, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Anguilla and Antigua and Barbuda. Highlights of the tour included the 50th Anniversary Independence Day celebrations in Saint Lucia, a joint address from both houses of the Barbados Parliament and a visit to sites affected by the recent volcanic eruptions in Montserrat.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In June 2012, as part of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee celebrations, Edward and Sophie, represented the Queen during a three-day tour to Gibraltar. The couple attended a Queen's Birthday Parade and toured Main Street, in the historic old town.<ref>Template:Cite web Template:Cbignore</ref>

In 2013, the couple visited South Africa. Later that year, the Countess made solo trips to India and Qatar as the patron of the sight-saving charity Orbis UK.<ref name="Tel-2013">Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref><ref name="Q-2013">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She made a similar visit to Bangladesh in November 2017.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Sophie, as Colonel-in-Chief of Corps of Army Music, visited The Countess of Wessex's String Orchestra at the Royal Artillery Barracks, in London. On 3 March 2014, the Queen approved the title of "The Countess of Wessex's String Orchestra" for the new Army String Orchestra in recognition of the Corps of Army Music's Colonel-in-Chief.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In November 2014, Sophie was in Zambia representing the Queen at the state funeral of the late president of Zambia, Michael Sata.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:The Countess of Wessex, Cheshire Show (2015).jpg

Sophie attending the Royal Cheshire County Show in 2015

On 26 March 2015, Sophie attended the reburial of Richard III of England in Leicester Cathedral.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In May 2015, Sophie represented the Queen in the 70th anniversary celebrations to mark the Liberation Day of the Channel Islands. The Countess delivered a message from the Queen, who paid tribute to the island's continued allegiance and loyalty to the Crown.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She visited Canada and the United States in November 2015. While in Toronto, she criss-crossed across the city, making stops at the Royal Agricultural Winter Fair and the UHN's Toronto General Hospital and Toronto Western Hospital, of which she is patron. Sophie then travelled to New York City, paying an emotional visit to the National September 11 Memorial & Museum. Sophie also made an appearance at an Armistice Day service at the Queen Elizabeth II September 11th Garden, which was opened in commemoration of the 67 British victims of the attack. The Countess later attended the 100 Women in Hedge Funds Gala dinner in Manhattan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Earl and Countess of Wessex toured Canada in June 2016, visiting Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. The couple visited a variety of places in and around Regina, Saskatchewan before attending the Globe Theatre's 50th anniversary gala.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In March 2017, Sophie embarked on a 4-day visit to Malawi as Vice-Patron of The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, visiting programmes to end avoidable blindness and champion young leaders.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 9 May 2017, the Countess attended King Harald and Queen Sonja of Norway's 80th Birthday Celebrations on behalf of the royal family.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Earl and Countess of Wessex represented the Queen at the 50th Anniversary Celebrations of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah's Accession to the Throne of Brunei in October 2017.<ref name="thecrownchronicles.co.uk">Template:Cite web</ref> On 30 November 2017, Sophie visited the 'Making for Change' fashion training and manufacturing unit, a fashion training and manufacturing unit established by the Ministry of Justice and London College of Fashion at HM Prison Downview as patron of the London College of Fashion During her visit, the Countess met staff and prisoners, including female inmates, and awarded participants with certificates as part of their training programme.<ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref><ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref>

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Sophie at the Titanic Hotel in Belfast in 2018

An avid supporter of charities that deal with learning disabilities, Sophie made a solo trip to Belfast in January 2018 to visit a number of charities that she had supported through her work over the last decade, including Mencap's children's centre.<ref name="NI-18">Template:Cite web</ref> She also opened the new dementia-friendly unit of Northern Ireland Hospice, the first of its kind in the UK.<ref name="NI-18"/> The Earl and Countess of Wessex visited Sri Lanka in February 2018 to celebrate the 70th Anniversary of Independence, Sri Lanka–United Kingdom relations, the Commonwealth, education and young people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In October 2018, Edward and Sophie toured the Baltic states.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In March 2019, the Countess travelled to New York City to attend the 63rd session of the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women (CSW). The annual event brought together more than 9,000 gender equality representatives from around the world. The CSW is "the principal global intergovernmental body exclusively dedicated to the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> From 29 April to 3 May 2019, the Countess, Vice-Patron of the Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, visited India in her final overseas tour as vice-patron ahead of the Trust's planned closure in January 2020. Sophie saw the work the charitable foundation has supported to tackle avoidable blindness and heard about programmes successfully launched by Queen's Young Leaders.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In July 2019, the Earl and Countess visited Forfar on their first official visit to the town since the Queen granted the Earl the additional title Earl of Forfar in March 2019.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Later in October, Sophie visited Kosovo to meet victims of sexual violence after the Kosovo War and their families.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> By the end of 2019, Sophie had completed 236 official engagements.<ref name="Meares-Mar22"/> In March 2020, Sophie became the first member of the royal family to visit South Sudan. During the visit, which was requested by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Sophie met victims and survivors of gender-based violence and promoted their rights by meeting the female political leaders in the country.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In January 2022, the Countess went on a solo visit to Qatar in her capacity as the global ambassador for the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) to support the organisation's '2030 in Sight' initiative and visit projects by the Qatar Fund and Orbis International aimed at improving eye tests and treatments in India and Bangladesh.<ref name="Qatar-2022">Template:Cite web</ref> As a supporter of the Women Peace and Security Network she met with Afghan women refugees who had been evacuated from the country following the 2021 Taliban offensive.<ref name="Qatar-2022"/> In March 2022, Sophie went on a four-day solo trip to New York City, visiting the Queen Elizabeth II September 11th Garden and Consuls General from across the Commonwealth to mark the Commonwealth Day.<ref name="NYC-Mar22">Template:Cite web</ref> She also delivered the keynote address on women's rights in Afghanistan at an event hosted by the UN Women and the Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace and Security.<ref name="NYC-Mar22"/>

In April 2022, Edward and Sophie toured Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Antigua and Barbuda to mark the Queen's Platinum Jubilee.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Their planned visit to Grenada was postponed after talks with the island's government and governor general, and the couple expressed their hopes to visit the country on a later date.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In October 2022, she visited the Democratic Republic of the Congo to engage with projects preventing sexual and gender-based violence in conflict, becoming the first member of the royal family to visit the country.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The tour also included visits to Rwanda, Botswana, and Malawi.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After her husband was created Duke of Edinburgh on his 59th birthday, Sophie and Edward visited Edinburgh to meet with members of the Ukrainian and Eastern European communities in the city, some of whom were displaced following the Russian invasion of Ukraine.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In May 2023, Sophie visited Iraq at the request of the Foreign Office to promote the Women, Peace and Security agenda and raise awareness about conflict-related sexual violence.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She became the first member of the royal family to visit Baghdad.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 29 April 2024, the Duchess visited Ukraine, the first British royal to make the trip since the Russian invasion, where she met with President Volodymyr Zelenskyi. Sophie also met with survivors of war-related sexual violence and torture as well as children who had been returned to Ukraine after being abducted from their families by Russia. She also paid her respects to victims of the massacre in Bucha.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In October 2024, she became the first member of the royal family to visit Chad where she met with refugees who had fled to the country following the Sudanese civil war and had experienced sexual violence during the conflict.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Charity work and patronage

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Sophie at the 2018 Preventing Sexual Violence in Conflict Film Festival. Much of her charity work involves women's rights.

The Earl and Countess of Wessex established their foundation The Wessex Youth Trust in 1999 to support initiatives and charities that help children and young people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After twenty years of operation, the Wessex Youth Trust was renamed the Earl and Countess of Wessex Charitable Trust in 2019 and its management was transferred to the Private Office of the Earl and Countess of Wessex and Forfar. It was announced that the Trust's broad charitable objectives would not change, however, their future efforts would be aimed towards supporting a different range of charities.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2000, she became patron of a number of organisations, including Foundation of Light (formerly Sunderland A.F.C Foundation) which develops educational and community programmes in northern England, based around football.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Moved by the death of her friend Jill Dando in 1999, the Countess became a trustee of UCL Jill Dando Institute, an institute of crime science established in her name in 2001.<ref name="Tel-2003"/> As a full-time member of the royal family, part of her focus became charities that dealt with communications difficulties, including Southampton General Hospital, and the New Haven Trust in Toronto, a learning centre for children with autism.<ref name="Tel-2003"/> In 2003, she became patron of Tomorrow's People Trust, which helps the disadvantaged to find work, housing and a place in society.<ref name="Tel-2003">Template:Cite web Template:Cbignore</ref> In February 2003, Sophie became patron and ambassador of Meningitis Now, a charity that supports meningitis patients and raises awareness of the disease.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Later that month, she became patron to The Scar Free Foundation, a medical research charity coordinating funds in wound healing, burns and cleft research.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2003, she succeeded Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother as patron of the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Also in 2003, she became patron of the Moor House School & College, which specialises in helping children who have Developmental language disorder.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Sophie, who was a Brownie as a child, became the new president of Girlguiding UK in 2003, following the death of Princess Margaret in February 2002,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and remained in that position until 2024 when she became the organisation's patron subsequent to the Queen's death in 2022.<ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref> She established the Women in Business Group in 2003 to support the Duke of Edinburgh's Award and reach more young people to help them develop skills that can transform their futures.<ref name="The Duke of Edinburgh's Award">Template:Cite web</ref> The Countess became president of the Brainwave Centre in 2003, a charity providing therapy for children with developmental delay.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In June 2003, she became patron of the Greater London Fund for the Blind, which raises funds for smaller charities for visually impaired people in London.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In August 2003, the Countess received patronage of the National Autistic Society, passed down from the Princess Royal.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2004, she joined St John Ambulance as grand president, and heads the work of St John's County Presidents, who provide a variety of support for their local St John members.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She was associated with ChildLine for many years, preceding her appointment as their first ever royal patron in 2005.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2006, she lent her support to the Born in Bradford research project, which investigated causes of low birth weight and infant mortality between 2007 and 2010.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In September 2006, she was appointed an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In the same year, she became patron of England Hockey.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Sophie is a supporter of agriculture, farming and food production and held the position of show president of the Royal Bath and West Show in 2010 before becoming vice patron in 2011.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She is also patron of the Association of Show and Agricultural Organisations<ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref> and has been patron of the Border Union Agricultural Society since its bicentennial year in 2012.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Sophie works to support the 'Campaign for Wool', which was set up by the then-Prince of Wales, and aims to promote the use of British wool.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> During her 2013 trips to India, and Qatar, the Countess visited numerous facilities in her capacity as patron of Vision 2020: The Right to Sight and ambassador for IAPB, in order to raise awareness about preventable blindness. Her work on the issue has been described as influential in creating the Qatar Creating Vision initiative.<ref name="Q-2013"/> In 2013, Sophie became the first ever patron of the London College of Fashion and was announced as the royal patron of British Wheelchair Basketball.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In June 2013, she was appointed global ambassador for the Duke of Edinburgh's International Award Foundation, an umbrella body co-ordinating organisations running the Duke of Edinburgh's Award worldwide.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She has been the founder and chairman of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award Women's Network Forum since January 2014, whose goal is the advancement of gender balance and equality by influencing business leaders, inspiring the next generation and sharing best practice.<ref name="The Duke of Edinburgh's Award"/> In June 2014, the Countess was appointed the patron of Ubunye Foundation, based in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, a rural development trust dedicated to unlocking the potential of rural communities.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On Sophie's 50th birthday, she became vice patron of the Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, a charitable foundation established in 2012 for Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The trust was a time-limited foundation and closed on 31 January 2020.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In February 2015, the Queen gave a joint reception to celebrate the 50th birthdays of the Earl and Countess, as well as their patronages and affiliations, at Buckingham Palace. Elizabeth, accompanied by the couple, met key supporters, staff, volunteers and alumni from the charities of their patronage and presidency, as well as representatives from their various military appointments.<ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref> In November 2015, 100 Women in Hedge Funds announced that the Countess will serve as Global Ambassador of 100WF's Next Generation initiatives.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In September 2016, Sophie took part in a cycling challenge from the Holyrood Palace to Buckingham Palace for the Duke of Edinburgh's Award Diamond Challenge. The ride raised more than £180,000 for the Award, which was celebrating its 60th anniversary.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Linking Environment And Farming named Sophie as its new honorary president in October 2016.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In November 2016, she was announced as Women of the Future's official ambassador, which supports and celebrates the successes of young women.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In December 2016, the Countess participated in ICAP charity day in order to raise money for Shooting Star Chase,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a children's hospice of which she is patron.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> During the same month, after the Queen stepped down from her position as patron of numerous charities, Sophie replaced her as the principal patron of NSPCC, Blind Veterans UK and British Cycling Federation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Countess of Wessex was elected president of the Devon County Agricultural Association in February 2017.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In May 2017, as patron of the British Bobsleigh and Skeleton Association Sophie attended its 90th anniversary and commemorative athlete awards dinner.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Ice Maiden, five British Army women, received royal patronage from the Countess for their ambitious coast-to-coast ski expedition across Antarctica in October 2017. The team aimed to inspire women and girls everywhere to challenge perceptions and grow their ambitions.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref> In January 2018, Sophie became the Royal Patron of the Nursing Memorial Appeal. The Appeal aims to create a memorial dedicated to the 1,500 nurses who gave their lives in First and Second World Wars.<ref>Template:Cite tweet</ref> In February 2018, Westmorland Agricultural Society welcomed the Countess as its president.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In January 2019, Sophie became the patron of the Thames Valley Air Ambulance, which saved her life during her ectopic pregnancy in 2001.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 29 January, she was elected president of the Royal Smithfield Club, which promotes the education and knowledge to advance best practice in the meat and livestock industry.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On International Women's Day March 2019, Sophie officially announced her involvement in taking a stand against sex crimes in conflict zones, joining Angelina Jolie to work with the Preventing Sexual Violence in Conflict Initiative (PSVI) as well as Women, Peace and Security (WPS) formed 20 years ago to tackle the impact of armed conflict on women and girls, and to promote the positive role women play in building peace and stability.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref> On 25 April 2019, it was announced that the Countess, along with her husband and her brother-in-law, the Duke of York, have each been appointed vice president of the annual Royal Windsor Horse Show.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In May 2019, she took over the patronage of the Chartered Management Institute from Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:HRH The Countess of Wessex in Washington - 52549064661 (cropped).jpg

Sophie receiving the 2022 Hillary Rodham Clinton Award at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C.

In April 2020, the Countess helped Rhubarb, a catering company, in preparing and delivering food to NHS staff amidst the coronavirus pandemic, an initiative organised by Ian Wace.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Sophie has also volunteered at local food banks, including the Hope Hub and the Lighthouse, in Surrey and delivered parcels to the homeless during the pandemic.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In September 2020, Sophie, alongside her husband and children, participated in the Great British Beach Clean at Southsea Beach in support of the Marine Conservation Society.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In February 2021, as grand president of St John Ambulance, the Countess started working as a care volunteer at an NHS vaccination centre.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In May 2021, Sophie become royal patron of Wellbeing of Women, a charity focused on all areas of women's reproductive health across a woman's life course, from menstrual health to menopause.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> A patron of this charity, she later discussed her own struggles with menopause and how it affected her memory.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In July 2021, Princess Alexandra handed over the patronage of The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association to Sophie.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In December 2022, Sophie was honoured at the Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace and Security, where she received the Hillary Rodham Clinton Award for her work concerning sexual violence in war zones.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In February 2025, she became patron of the Mothers' Union, following in the footsteps of Queen Victoria, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, and Queen Elizabeth II.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Public image and style

At the start of her relationship with Prince Edward, Sophie was referred to as "the girl next door", and noted for her successful career and ordinary background.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref> In the early years of her marriage, Sophie faced public scrutiny for her business interests, and was often compared to the late Diana, Princess of Wales, who had died two years earlier.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On her transition to becoming a full-time royal, she later stated: "Certainly it took me a while to find my feet. The frustration was I had to reduce my expectations of what I could actually do. I couldn't turn up at a charity and go, right, I think you should be doing this, because that's what I was used to doing in my working life. I had to take a really big step back and go, OK, they want you to be the icing on the cake, the person to come in to thank their volunteers and funders, not necessarily to tell them how to run their communications plan."<ref name="tatler.com">Template:Cite web</ref>

Sophie has since been cited as an under-the-radar "stabilizing influence" and a "safe pair of hands".<ref name="tatler.com"/> She has been said to have a low-key approach to royal engagements, and often drives herself to and from events.<ref name="townandcountrymag.com">Template:Cite web</ref> Amanda Pullinger stated to Town and Country, "She actually presents herself as an ordinary person and I think that is increasingly what the royal family needs to do."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She has also been noted for her long-term work on "gritty" subject matters such as gender-based violence in conflict, and trips to "difficult areas", such as South Sudan and Sierra Leone.<ref name="townandcountrymag.com"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Countess's engagements gained significant attention from the public post-Megxit, with her charity work and style choices receiving increased commentary and analysis.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Writer Ingrid Seward states that Sophie "is not a self-publicist....She looks good, without being over-the-top, and she's not craving celebrity. You often wouldn't know she had carried out all those engagements."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Sophie was not initially prominent for her fashion, but eventually began to develop her own style and has worn outfits by many notable designers.<ref name="Tel-style">Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref> She has exclusively worn Jane Taylor millinery designs since 2009 on numerous occasions.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In a Marie Claire interview, Taylor described her first royal commission: "My first royal client was the Countess of Wessex, and it was quite nerve-racking. But she wears such lovely clothes and she always looks so fabulous, so it's quite easy to design for her. Since she came to see me, she's never worn any other milliner's hats, which is a big compliment. I was really excited, honored, and slightly nervous."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Alongside the Princess of Wales and the Duchess of Sussex, Sophie has been named one of the most stylish members of the royal family.<ref name="Tel-style"/><ref name="Hello-style">Template:Cite web</ref> Sophie is particularly known for wearing different combinations of hats and coats, and favours silk dresses and frocks.<ref name="Hello-style"/> Describing her style in an interview by Sunday Express Sophie said: "It's about my charities, but I recognize that I'm on display. [...] When you walk into a room, yes, people are going to talk about what you're doing there, but they're also going to want to know what you're wearing".<ref name="G-style">Template:Cite web</ref> She also revealed that she has never had a stylist of her own and that she makes her fashion choices herself.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> In 2015, the Countess was named on Vanity FairTemplate:'s Best Dressed List.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref> Together with the then-Duchess of Cambridge, Sophie hosted the Commonwealth Fashion Exchange reception at Buckingham Palace during the 2018 London Fashion Week.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Privacy and the media

Violation of privacy

In May 1999, less than a month before her wedding, The Sun published a photo of a topless Sophie with her Capital Radio colleague Chris Tarrant, which was taken during a business trip to Spain in 1988.<ref name="Photo-Criticism">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Photo-Criticism2">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Guardian-Critics">Template:Cite news</ref> Buckingham Palace immediately issued a statement saying, "This morning's story in The Sun is a gross invasion of privacy and cannot be regarded as in the public interest. It has caused considerable distress."<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/><ref name="Guardian-Critics"/> Prime Minister Tony Blair also condemned the publication of the photograph.<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/><ref name="Photo-Criticism2"/> The Palace made an official complaint to the Press Complaints Commission (PCC).<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/><ref name="Photo-Criticism2"/> According to Sophie's business partner the incident had left her "distressed", and she was reportedly "devastated" and felt "she was 'letting the side down' before her wedding".<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/><ref name="Guardian-Critics"/><ref>Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref> Tarrant later said, "There was never, ever the slightest hint of romance between Sophie and myself, let alone these snidey insinuations."<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/> Following its publication, the newspaper issued a statement and apologised to Rhys-Jones<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/> and the next issue came out with the headline "Sorry, Sophie".<ref name="Photo-Criticism2"/> It also said that it would again apologise to Sophie in a letter and donate all sale proceeds of the issue to her charities.<ref name="Photo-Criticism2"/><ref name="Photo-Criticism3">Template:Cite web</ref> The photo was sold to the tabloid by Kara Noble, a former friend and colleague of Sophie.<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/><ref name="Photo-Criticism2"/> Noble later apologised in the following months saying, "I just want to say sorry to everyone who was involved."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both she and the newspaper faced criticism from the public,<ref name="Photo-Criticism"/> and Noble was fired from her job at Heart 106.2 FM.<ref name="Guardian-Critics"/> The couple later decided not to make a formal complaint.<ref name="Photo-Criticism3"/>

In 2011, close associates of Jonathan Rees, a private investigator connected to the News International phone hacking scandal, stated that he had penetrated Sophie and Edward's bank accounts and sold details about them to the Sunday Mirror.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Media sting

In April 2001, Sophie appeared in the media after she was misled in a meeting at the Dorchester by a News of the World reporter posing as an Arab sheikh, Mazher Mahmood,<ref name="BBC-criticism">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Independent-criticism">Template:Cite news</ref> who was later exposed for perjury in Southwark Crown Court.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It was claimed by the newspapers that during their "secretly taped" conversation, the Countess had insulted the royal family and politicians, calling the Queen "old dear" and criticising the leadership of prime ministers John Major and Tony Blair and Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown.<ref name="BBC-criticism"/><ref name="Independent-criticism"/><ref name="Guardian-Tapes">Template:Cite news</ref> She also reportedly commented on Prince Charles's relationship with his then-partner Camilla, arguing that a marriage would not be possible as long as the Queen Mother was alive.<ref name="Guardian-Tapes"/> However, despite some initial reports, the paper acquitted her of referring to Cherie Blair as "absolutely horrid" and mocking Leader of the Opposition William Hague's appearance.<ref name="ITimes-Apr2001">Template:Cite news</ref> Murray Harkin, Sophie's business partner who was also present at the meeting, was recorded discussing his sex life and cocaine use and boasting about Sophie's abilities in securing celebrities for various events.<ref name="ITimes-Apr2001"/> Tabloid newspapers claimed the Countess had sent apology letters to Blair, Hague and Prince Charles.<ref name="BBC-criticism"/>

Buckingham Palace denied the accuracy of the reports, saying: "The Countess of Wessex, who is trying to pursue her own career, is obviously vulnerable to set-ups such as this."<ref name="BBC-criticism"/> The Palace released a statement saying the reported comments were "selective, distorted and in several cases, flatly untrue".<ref name="BBC-criticism"/> The Palace officials stated that Sophie had not insulted the Queen, the Queen Mother, or the politicians, while according to the Mail on Sunday four reliable sources had confirmed these reports.<ref name="BBC-criticism"/> The News of the World attributed the negative reactions to the jealousy of the rival media, as the outlet had previously conducted an interview with Sophie in which she addressed the rumours about her difficulties in marriage and discussed her husband's sexuality.<ref name="BBC-criticism"/> Sophie had reportedly agreed to the intimate interview on the condition that the newspaper would not publish transcript of the tapes.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In a separate statement Sophie said she was "distressed by the carrying out of an entrapment operation" on her, but also regretted her "own misjudgment in succumbing to that subterfuge".<ref name="ITimes-Apr2001"/> Subsequently, in 2002, both the Earl and Countess announced that they would quit their business interests in order to focus on activities and official engagements on behalf of the royal family and aid the Queen in her Golden Jubilee year.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Jewellery gifts

The Countess of Wessex was criticised for accepting two sets of jewels from the royal family of Bahrain during an official day-long<ref name="BBC 7.1.2012">Template:Cite news</ref> visit to the country in December 2011, as she and her husband returned to the UK from a trip to Afghanistan. She was given one set by Bahrain's king and a second set by the country's prime minister, Sheikh Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa. Her husband, the Earl, received a pen and a watch as well as a silk rug from the Crown Prince of Bahrain, Sheikh Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, who also gave Sophie a silver and pearl cup. The value of the jewellery has not been estimated and its precise contents were not disclosed.<ref name="Tele 6.1.2012">Template:Cite news</ref> Given concern about human rights abuses in Bahrain, this gift attracted controversy, with calls for the jewels to be sold, and the proceeds used for the benefit of the Bahraini people.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Cbignore</ref>

Critics said the Countess should sell the gems and give the proceeds to political protesters in Bahrain. Denis MacShane, then a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) and previously a Foreign Office minister, said: "Given the appalling suffering and repression of the Bahraini people, it would be a fitting gesture for the Countess of Wessex to auction these trinkets and distribute the proceeds to the victims of the regime."<ref name="Tele 6.1.2012"/>

Royal family guidelines and procedures relating to gifts, published by the government in 2003, state that "before accepting any gift, careful consideration should always be given, wherever practicable, to the donor, the reason for and occasion of the gift and the nature of the gift itself ... Equally, before declining the offer of a gift, careful consideration should be given to any offence that might be caused by such action."<ref name="BBC 7.1.2012"/>

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

Sophie was styled as "Her Royal Highness The Countess of Wessex" from her marriage in 1999 to 2023. On 10 March 2019, her husband was created Earl of Forfar, according her the title by courtesy of Countess of Forfar.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> She was at times referred to as the Countess of Wessex and Forfar, such as at the funerals of her father-in-law and mother-in-law.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Since 10 March 2023, when her husband was created Duke of Edinburgh (for life), she has been known as "Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Edinburgh".<ref name="Edin-twitter">Template:Cite web</ref>

Honorific eponyms

The Duchess of Edinburgh's String Orchestra (formerly the Countess of Wessex's String Orchestra)<ref>Template:Cite Instagram</ref>
The Duchess of Edinburgh Cup (formerly the Countess of Wessex Cup), an annual competition which sees regiments and military organisations affiliated with Sophie compete against each other in a series of challenges<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The rose cultivar Rosa 'Countess of Wessex' was named in her honour in 2004.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Arms

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Authored articles

References

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External links

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The Duchess of Edinburgh at the official website of the British royal family
The Duchess of Edinburgh at the website of the Government of Canada
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