Brookhaven, Mississippi
Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox settlement Brookhaven is a city in Lincoln County, Mississippi, United States, Template:Convert south of the state capital of Jackson. The population was 11,674 people at the 2020 U.S. Census.<ref name=":0" /> It is the county seat of Lincoln County.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref> It was named after the town of Brookhaven, New York, by founder Samuel Jayne in 1818.
History
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Brookhaven is located in what was formerly territory of the Choctaw. The city was founded in 1818 by Samuel Jayne from New York, who named it after the town of Brookhaven on Long Island.<ref name="citytown">Brookhaven, Mississippi.</ref> Most of the Choctaw were forced out of Mississippi in the 1830s under Indian Removal, and were given lesser land in Indian Territory.
The railroad was constructed through Brookhaven in 1858.<ref name="citytown" /> It connected Brookhaven with New Orleans to the south and Memphis to the north.
During the Civil War, Brookhaven was briefly occupied at noon on April 29, 1863, by a raiding party of Union cavalry under the command of Colonel Benjamin Grierson. The Union force burned public buildings and destroyed the railroad.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> This was rebuilt after the war.
In 1908, a mob of 2,000 White people assaulted a military guard and kidnapped a Black man, Eli Pigot, and murdered him in broad daylight.<ref name="DT19080211p1">Template:Cite news</ref>
In 1936 Brookhaven was chosen as the site of the Stahl-Urban garment plant.<ref name="Stahl">Stahl-Urban Photograph Collection Template:Webarchive</ref>
In 1955, Lamar Smith, a black farmer and World War I veteran, was shot to death by whites mid-day on the lawn of the county courthouse in Brookhaven.<ref name=payne>Template:Cite book</ref> He had been working to organize voter registration among blacks, who had been largely disenfranchised in the state since 1890 by barriers created by whites. After World War II, Smith was among the many veterans who became activists for civil rights, determined to regain their constitutional rights. Nobody was prosecuted for his murder.<ref name=payne/>
In 2022, D'Monterrio Gibson, a black FedEx driver was chased down and shot at by two white men after Gibson had delivered a package to an incorrect address and then retrieved it.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Geography
[edit]Brookhaven is in central Lincoln County. I-55 passes through the west side of the city, with access from Exits 38, 40, and 42. I-55 leads north Template:Convert to Jackson, the state capital, and south Template:Convert to Hammond, Louisiana. US 51 runs parallel to I-55, passing through the west side of Brookhaven closer to the city center. US-51 leads north Template:Convert to Hazlehurst and south Template:Convert to McComb. US 84 passes through the south side of Brookhaven, leading east Template:Convert to Prentiss and west Template:Convert to Natchez.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert are land and Template:Convert, or 0.41%, are water.<ref name="Gazetteer 2019">Template:Cite web</ref> The city expanded in late 2007 to almost triple its previous area, through a vote of annexation, to bring in suburban developments surrounding the older town and equalize taxing and services provided to the new metropolitan area.<ref>BrookhavenMS.org Template:Webarchive</ref><ref>Brookhaven, MS (BRH) — Great American Stations</ref>
Climate
[edit]Demographics
[edit]2020 census
[edit]| Race | Num. | Perc. |
|---|---|---|
| White (non-Hispanic) | 4,439 | 38.02% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 6,710 | 57.48% |
| Native American | 15 | 0.13% |
| Asian | 117 | 1.0% |
| Pacific Islander | 2 | 0.02% |
| Other/Mixed | 266 | 2.28% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 125 | 1.07% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 11,674 people, 4,346 households, and 2,827 families residing in the city.
2010 census
[edit]As of the 2010 census,<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> there were 12,513 people, 4,768 households, and 3,146 families residing in the city of Brookhaven. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 5,519 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was fairly evenly split with 43.8% White, 54.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.9% of the population.
There were 4,768 households, out of which 34.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.7% were married couples living together, 24.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.10.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 20 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.6 years.
The median income for a household in the city was $30,036, and the median income for a family was $40,018. About 25.2% of families and 31.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 46.6% of those under age 18 and 16.0% of those age 65 or over.
Arts and culture
[edit]Brookhaven's Temple B'nai Shalom is an example of Moorish Revival architecture.
Education
[edit]The city is served by the Brookhaven School District of public schools. Up until 1970, separate systems were maintained for black students and white schools. When Brown v. Board required integration of schools in 1954, white citizens refused. In 1970, when the state finally capitulated and desegregated public schools, a private school, Brookhaven Academy, was created to allow white parents to keep their children from attending schools with black children.
In 1988, Brookhaven High School hired a football coach, Hollis Rutter, from Brookhaven Academy. This so upset the black population, who felt that this was a racially-insensitive move, that a school boycott ensued, ultimately resulting in the rescission of Rutter's hiring. This school again came into the spotlight in 2018 when it became known that Cindy Hyde-Smith, a candidate for U.S. Senate known for making racially-incendiary statements, sent her daughter to this school.<ref name="JFP Attend">Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref name="DL graduation">Template:Cite news</ref>
The statewide magnet high school, the Mississippi School of the Arts is also located in the city. Four Lincoln County public schools are also located in Brookhaven's rural areas: Bogue Chitto Attendance Center, Enterprise Attendance Center, Loyd Star Attendance Center and West Lincoln Attendance Center. The former institution of higher learning Whitworth Female College, founded in 1858, was located in Brookhaven. The all-women's college closed its doors in 1984.<ref name="BlackBarnwell2002">Template:Cite book</ref>
In 2019, it was reported that the school district still "has largely segregated classrooms – some all-black, some majority white."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Media
[edit]Brookhaven is a part of the Jackson, Mississippi television market, including news stations WLBT, WJTV, WAPT, and WDBD. The city is served by a daily newspaper called The Daily Leader.
Radio
[edit]Brookhaven is the secondary principal city of the McComb media market for radio.
Template:McComb-Brookhaven Radio
Infrastructure
[edit]Roads
[edit]Brookhaven contains Interstate 55 and U.S. Route 51, which run parallel to each other going north-south, and U.S. Route 84, which runs east-west.
Rail transportation
[edit]Template:See also Amtrak's famous City of New Orleans (subject of the song ballad written by Steve Goodman and recorded by folk singer Arlo Guthrie in 1972) serves Brookhaven, going north and south on the old Illinois Central and Gulf, Mobile and Ohio railroad lines.
Notable people
[edit]- Lance Dwight Alworth, American football player
- Elsie Barge, pianist, music educator, and clubwoman
- Jim C. Barnett, physician and surgeon; member of the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1992 to 2008.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
- Jim Brewer, Maxwell Street blues musician
- Corey Dickerson, baseball player
- Bernard Ebbers, former CEO of WorldCom
- Charles Henri Ford, poet, novelist, filmmaker, photographer, and collage artist<ref>'Charles Henri Ford 94, Prolific Poet, Artist and Editor,' The New York Times, Roberta Smith, September 30, 2002</ref>
- Ruth Ford, actress
- Cindy Hyde-Smith, U.S. Senator from Mississippi
- Earsell Mackbee, football player
- Garry Owen, film actor
- Robert W. Pittman, founder MTV and former CEO and COO of AOL<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Lulah Ragsdale, poet, novelist, actor
- David Banner, rapper
- Richard Scruggs, lawyer
- J. Kim Sessums, artist<ref>
Template:Cite web</ref>
- Lamar Smith, Civil rights activist.<ref name="Lamar Smith PC">Template:Cite news</ref>
- Guy Turnbow, football player<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- Addie L. Wyatt, leader in the United States Labor movement, civil rights activist, and Time magazine as Person of the Year in 1975.<ref name="A Dozen Who Made a Difference">Template:Cite magazine</ref>
References
[edit]Template:Portal Template:Reflist
External links
[edit]Template:Lincoln County, Mississippi Template:Mississippi Template:Mississippi county seats