Hot Sulphur Springs, Colorado
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Hot Sulphur Springs is a statutory town and the county seat of Grand County, Colorado, United States.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref> The town is located near Byers Canyon between Granby and Kremmling, Template:Convert northwest of Denver and Template:Convert northwest of Winter Park. The town population was 687 at the 2020 census.<ref name="Census 2020" /> Its elevation is Template:Convert.
History
[edit]Hot Sulphur Springs was originally a winter campground for Native Americans who came to use the hot springs for medicinal purposes. In 1840 William Newton Byers, founder of the Rocky Mountain News, was the first European American to document the springs. The town was established in 1860, making it the oldest town in the county, originally named "Saratoga West" and sometimes called "Warm Springs".
In 1863, the town site was bought by Byers in a backroom deal with a Minnesota Sioux womanTemplate:Citation needed despite a treaty naming the Ute tribe as the lawful ownersTemplate:Citation needed, who unsuccessfully sued Byers, while Byers and territorial governors William Gilpin and John Evans launched a "The Utes Must Go" campaign with the help of the U.S. CavalryTemplate:Citation needed. Wishing to create a world-famous spa and resort ("the American Switzerland"), Byers changed the name and surveyed, platted, and named the streets, attracting famous visitors including Zane Grey and John Wesley Powell.<ref>Deborah Frazier George, Colorado's Hot Springs, 2nd edition, 2000, pp. 18-19.</ref> The first pool house was built ca. 1900.
When Grand County was formed, Hot Sulphur Springs was the first county seat from 1874 to 1882, after which it moved to Grand Lake. The county seat returned in 1888 and has been there ever since.
Byers died on March 25, 1903. The town was incorporated on April 1, 1903.<ref name=MuniIncCO/> His original family cabin is located at 204 Byers Avenue along what is now Highway 40. The building is currently the county's only mortuary.
The first winter carnival in Hot Sulphur Springs was held on December 31, 1911. The success of this event led to a three-day carnival which took place on February 10–12, 1912. The following winter, a second annual winter carnival was planned in conjunction with the first Steamboat Springs Winter Sports Carnival. This series of events led to the creation of Howelsen Hill Ski Area in Steamboat Springs, and is credited with playing a large role in the birth of the Colorado ski industry.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The big plans of Byers were prevented by the slow arrival of the railroad in 1928 (after the construction of the Moffat Tunnel), and eventually the railroad quit stopping there, although the town is still a resort attracting many visitors. The first lodging rooms opened in 1926.
In 1997 the resort was extensively renovated, and the Ute tribal spiritual leader blessed the waters at the opening ceremony, attended by almost 1,000, which welcomed the Utes to use the springs once again.
Payday was always the last day of the month and was considered a dangerous day because of the many gunfights that occurred. Because Halloween is October 31, the last day of the month, the people of the town celebrated Halloween on the 30th to keep children safe, which continues to the present day.
The Pioneer Village Museum is also located in Hot Sulphur Springs.
Geography
[edit]Hot Sulphur Springs is located in central Grand County, along the Colorado River, just east (upstream) of where the river enters Byers Canyon. U.S. Route 40 passes through the center of town as Byers Avenue; it leads Template:Convert east to Granby, the largest town in the county, and Template:Convert west to Kremmling. The Byers Canyon Shooting Range west of town is part of the Colorado Parks and Wildlife Hot Sulphur Springs State Wildlife Area providing a winter foraging area for big game animals.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of Template:Convert, all of it land.<ref name="Census 2010">Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref>
Climate
[edit]This climate type is dominated by the winter season, a long, cold period with short, clear days, relatively little precipitation mostly in the form of snow, and low humidity. The climate is similar to that of nearby Kremmling.
Demographics
[edit]Template:US Census population Template:Clear
Hot springs
[edit]The natural thermal springs at Hot Sulphur Springs are located in just outside the town limits on the west side of the Colorado River. The natural hot springs are heated from geothermal activity. Historically, the indigenous Ute people used the springs, but as more European settlers, and American soldiers arrived in the area they were pushed out although the court system declared the Utes the rightful owners. In more recent years a resort has been built at the hot springs that offers several soaking pools and tubs with temperatures ranging from 98 °F to 112 °F.<ref name="GHC" />
Water profile
[edit]The hot mineral water emerges from the source at 125 °F / 52 °C at a rate of 200,000 gallons per day. The mineral content of the water consists of calcium (15ppm), chloride (145ppm), fluoride (11ppm), lithium (1.3ppm), magnesium (3.2ppm), potassium (24ppm), sodium (435ppm), sulfate (145ppm). Trace minerals include arsenic, iron, manganese and zinc.<ref name="GHC">Template:Cite journal</ref>
See also
[edit]References
[edit]External links
[edit]- Town of Hot Sulphur Springs official website
- Hot Sulphur Springs Chamber of Commerce
- Grand County Government
- Pioneer Village Museum
- CDOT map of the Town of Hot Sulphur Springs
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