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Redondo Beach, California

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Redondo Beach (Spanish for Template:Gloss) is a coastal city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located in the South Bay region of the Greater Los Angeles area. It is one of three adjacent beach cities along the southern portion of Santa Monica Bay. The population was 71,576 at the 2020 census, up from 66,748 in 2010.

Redondo Beach was originally part of the 1785 Rancho San Pedro Spanish land grant that later became the South Redondo area. The primary attractions include Municipal Pier and the sandy beach, popular with tourists and a variety of sports enthusiasts. The western terminus of the Metro Rail C Line (formerly the Green Line) is in North Redondo Beach.

History

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File:Manuel Domínguez of California.jpg
Don Manuel Domínguez, a signer of the Californian Constitution and owner of Rancho San Pedro, which included all of modern-day Redondo.
File:View of Redondo Beach Pier and railroad station from the Redondo Hotel, whose garden is also seen, ca.1900 (CHS-1371).jpg
View of Redondo Beach Pier and railroad station from the Redondo Hotel, Template:Circa
File:RedondoBeach-1906.jpg
Redondo Beach, 1906

The South Bay area was originally inhabited by the Tongva tribe of Native Americans. Archeological work in the nearby Chowigna excavation show evidence of inhabitants as far back as 7,100 years ago. The Chowigna band of Tongva used the site of today's Hopkins Wilderness Park in Redondo Beach, (formerly Nike missile site LA-57 from 1956 to 1963,) as a lookout place.<ref>Template:Cite news </ref> The wetlands located at the site of the retired AES power plant in Redondo Beach were a source of foods including halibut, lobster, and sea bass, and also of salt.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The Tongva village of Ongovanga or Onoova-nga,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> meaning "Place of Salt," was located near a salt lake the old Redondo Salt Lake,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> "a spring-fed salt lake about Template:Convert wide and Template:Convert long situated about 200 yards from the ocean".<ref name="sjmerc">Template:Cite news</ref> Up through the 1700s, the Chowigna bartered salt from the lake with other tribes.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Chowigna were relocated to missions in 1854, when Manuel Dominguez sold Template:Convert of Rancho San Pedro, including the lake, to Henry Allanson and William Johnson for the Pacific Salt Works.<ref name = "sjmerc"/><ref name="Building a Better Redondo">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name = "rbmuseum">Template:Cite web</ref>

File:Exterior view of the bathhouse at Redondo Beach, ca.1910 (CHS-5581).jpg
Redondo Beach saltwater bathhouse, constructed by Henry E. Huntington,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Circa

In 1983, the city of Redondo Beach adopted a resolution “recognizing the Goodyear Airship Columbia (aka Goodyear blimp) as the “Official Bird of Redondo Beach.”<ref name=":4">WTF Fun Fact 13163 - The Goodyear Blimp Redondo Beach Connection https://wtffunfact.com/wtf-fun-fact-13163-the-goodyear-blimp-redondo-beach-connection/</ref>

In 2022, the Redondo Beach government (along with the governments of Torrance, Carson, and Whittier) sued the California state government, seeking to block the California HOME Act (SB 9), which permits the construction of duplexes and fourplexes on lots.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref> Redondo Beach mayor Bill Brand has argued that there is no housing crisis in Redondo Beach.<ref name=":1" />

In 2023, Redondo Beach sued to prevent the transformation of the lot of an aging waterfront power plant into a village-style complex of 2,700 residential units (including 540 affordable units) and commercial space.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Bill Brand became mayor of Redondo Beach after spearheading the effort to block housing on the lot.<ref name=":1" /> The city's residents and political leaders have long advocated to retire the plant and allow it to be restored to its natural wetland state.<ref name=":5">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>Template:R The city has also participated in legal proceedings to preserve its ability to participate in residential zoning decisions, including the discretion to regulate single-family homes from being transformed by for-profit developers into “six-on-a-lots.”<ref name=":1">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Geography

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Template:Unreferenced section According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, over 99% of it land.

Redondo Beach was originally part of the 1784 Rancho San Pedro Spanish land grant of the Template:Convert Dominguez Rancho that later became the ten-mile (16 km) ocean frontage of Rancho Sausal Redondo.

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Climate

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Redondo Beach has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csb) with mild winters and warm, almost rainless summers. The coldest months are December through March, and the warmest months are July through September. Redondo Beach has mild temperatures year round due to its coastal location. Template:Weather box

Demographics

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Template:US Census population

Redondo Beach first appeared as a city in the 1890 United States census as part of the now defunct Chataqua Township.<ref name=1890CensusCA/>

2020 census

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Redondo Beach city, California – Racial and ethnic composition
Template:Nobold
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Partial<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> % 2000 % 2010 Template:Partial
White alone (NH) 44,819 43,531 40,796 70.85% 65.22% 57.00%
Black or African American alone (NH) 1,531 1,772 2,103 2.42% 2.65% 2.94%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 185 163 187 0.29% 0.24% 0.26%
Asian alone (NH) 5,677 7,858 10,085 8.97% 11.77% 14.09%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) 212 177 183 0.34% 0.27% 0.26%
Other race alone (NH) 198 287 532 0.31% 0.43% 0.74%
Mixed Americans (NH) 2,115 2,818 5,193 3.34% 4.22% 7.26%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 8,524 10,142 12,497 13.47% 15.19% 17.46%
Total 63,261 66,748 71,576 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%


The city is affluent and predominantly white.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref>Template:R

The 2020 census found that 57.0% of Redondo Beach’s residents are non-Hispanic white,<ref name=2020CensusP2/> similar to many of the coastal Los Angeles County communities (Malibu, Marina del Rey, Santa Monica, El Segundo, Manhattan Beach, Hermosa Beach, Palos Verdes Estates) despite the greater Los Angeles area being only 23.0% non-Hispanic white.Template:R

Redondo Beach, like its neighboring beach towns, has become one of the most exclusionary cities in Los Angeles by limiting housing production, resulting in a median home costing $1.4 million, 60% higher than the regional average for Los Angeles.<ref name=LAT_2022-11-14 >Template:Cite news</ref>

2010

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The 2010 United States census<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> reported that Redondo Beach had a population of 66,748. The population density was Template:Convert. The racial makeup of Redondo Beach was 49,805 (74.6%) White (65.2% Non-Hispanic White),<ref name="quickfacts.census.gov" /> 1,852 (2.8%) African American, 291 (0.4%) Native American, 8,004 (12.0%) Asian, 199 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 2,725 (4.1%) from other races, and 3,872 (5.8%) from two or more races. There were 10,142 residents of Hispanic or Latino ancestry, of any race (15.2%).

The Census reported that 66,317 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 367 (0.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 64 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 29,011 households, out of which 7,825 (27.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 12,507 (43.1%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 2,515 (8.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,207 (4.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,904 (6.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 179 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 9,252 households (31.9%) were made up of individuals, and 2,145 (7.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29. There were 16,229 families (55.9% of all households); the average family size was 2.94.

Redondo Beach had 12,887 people (19.3%) under the age of 18, 4,198 people (6.3%) aged 18 to 24, 23,149 people (34.7%) aged 25 to 44, 19,532 people (29.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,982 people (10.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.2 males.

There were 30,609 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert, of which 14,917 (51.4%) were owner-occupied, and 14,094 (48.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.3%. 36,796 people (55.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 29,521 people (44.2%) lived in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States census, Redondo Beach had a median household income of $99,496, with 5.4% of the population living below the federal poverty line.<ref name="quickfacts.census.gov"/>

2000

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File:Shoreline of Redondo Beach.jpg
Shoreline of Redondo Beach, California

As of the census<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2000, there were 63,261 people, 28,566 households, and 15,254 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 29,543 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 78.6% White, 9.1% Asian, 2.5% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 4.4% from other races, and 4.6, % from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 13.5% of the population.

There were 28,566 households, out of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.6% were non-families. 33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the city, 18.8% of the population was under the age of 18; 6.1%, aged 18 to 24; 43.1%, aged 25 to 44; 23.6%, aged 45 to 64; and 8.5% aged 65 or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.8 males.

According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $93,274, and the median income for a family was $108,753.<ref>http://U.S. Census website.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml factfinder.census.gov</ref> Males had a median income of $56,796 versus $45,204 for females. The per capita income for the city was $38,305. About 4.0% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.2% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

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According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,<ref name="City of Redondo Beach CAFR">Template:Cite web</ref> the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees % of Total City Employment
1 Northrop Grumman 6,045 33.04%
2 Redondo Beach Unified School District 868 4.74%
3 City of Redondo Beach 402 2.2%
4 The Cheesecake Factory 261 1.43
5 United States Postal Service 260 1.42%
6 Target 241 1.32%
7 Macy's 232 1.27%
8 DHL Global Forwarding 227 1.24%
9 Frontier 164 0.9%
10 Silverado Beach Cities 140 0.77%

Government

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Local government

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Redondo Beach's City Council elections are held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in March of odd-numbered years after the City Attorney notified California's Secretary of State of not moving both its City Council and Board of Education elections to a statewide primary or general election starting in 2018. The elections are all-mail instead of in-person.

The current mayor and council members are:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The City of Redondo Beach is a charter city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Almost two thirds of the residents in Los Angeles County, the majority in Southern California, and a plurality of Californians live in charter cities according to the 2010 US Census.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> As a charter city, Redondo Beach can adopt amendments to its city charter.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

State and federal representation

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In the California State Legislature, Redondo Beach is in Template:Representative, and in Template:Representative.<ref name=swd>Template:Cite web</ref>

In the United States House of Representatives, Redondo Beach is in Template:Representative.<ref>Template:Cite GovTrack</ref>

Politics

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In the 2008 presidential election Barack Obama won 59% of the vote and John McCain won 37% of the vote.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Education

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The Redondo Beach Unified School District serves the city. Redondo Union High School is the zoned high school, with the adjoining campus of Patricia Dreizler Continuation High School located to the east of the Redondo Union High School main grounds serving as a continuation school. The Redondo Beach Learning Academy, a community day school houses 9th-12th graders, is located on the South Bay Adult School campus in Redondo Beach. Dreizler continues to be recognized as a California Model Continuation High School.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Independent Study Program supports grades 9-12 and is housed on the Patricia Deizler campus.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Additionally, Redondo Beach has two middle schools, Adams Middle School and Parras Middle School. Adams Middle School, located in North Redondo Beach, primarily serves 6th to 8th grade students in the North Redondo area, with Parras Middle School being the designated middle school of South Redondo Beach.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The city also has eight established elementary schools: Alta Vista, Beryl Heights, Birney, Jefferson, Lincoln, Madison, Tulita and Washington.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> All twelve schools are evenly divided throughout the North and South areas of Redondo Beach, with five elementary schools and one middle school located in North/Central Redondo Beach; and three elementary schools, one middle school, and the singular designated high school placed in South Redondo Beach.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Redondo Beach Educational Foundation was founded in 1992 and revitalized in 2008.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Residents of Redondo Beach were in South Bay Union High School District until 1993, when it dissolved.<ref name=Kowskybreakup>Template:Cite web</ref>

Valor Christian Academy (formerly Coast Christian School) is in Redondo Beach.

Infrastructure

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File:Redondo Beach Fire Department Boat.jpg
Redondo Beach Fire Department harbor patrol

The United States Postal Service operates the Redondo Beach Post Office at 1201 North Catalina Avenue,<ref>"Post Office Location - REDONDO BEACH Template:Webarchive." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.</ref> the Redondo Beach Station #2 Post Office at 1715 Via El Prado,<ref>"Post Office Location - REDONDO BEACH STATION #2 Template:Webarchive." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.</ref> the North Redondo Beach Post Office at 2215 Artesia Boulevard,<ref>"Post Office Location - NORTH REDONDO BEACH Template:Webarchive." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.</ref> and the Galleria Post Office at Suite 377D at 1815 Hawthorne Boulevard.<ref>"Post Office Location - GALLERIA Template:Webarchive." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.</ref>

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Torrance Health Center in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles, near Torrance and serving Redondo Beach.<ref>"Torrance Health Center." Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. Retrieved on March 18, 2010. Template:Webarchive</ref>

The Beach Cities Health District,<ref name="bchd">Template:Cite web</ref> one of 78 California Health Districts,<ref>List of California Health Districts</ref> is located in Redondo Beach. Created in 1955, as South Bay Hospital, to provide health and wellness services to the residents of Hermosa Beach, Manhattan Beach, and Redondo Beach. The district took on its current name in 1993. In 2002, Beach Cities Health District opened AdventurePlex,<ref name="adventureplex">Template:Cite web</ref> a Manhattan Beach fitness facility for youth and their families of the three beach cities. AdventurePlex has mazes, tunnels, outdoor rock climbing walls, complex ropes courses, and an indoor gymnasium.

Redondo Beach Police Department

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The Redondo Beach Police Department was established in the 1920s. The Police Department consists of 90 sworn members (officers) plus 57 non-sworn members.<ref name="redondo">Template:Cite web</ref>

Redondo Beach Public Library

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public library image
Redondo Beach Public Library
A tall brown brick building with a glass upper level, and white columns
Current Redondo Beach Public Library, main branch, from the civic center entrance

The first library in Redondo Beach began as a reading room in 1895. The first five-member Library Commission for the city was formed in November 1908. The library moved into the then City Hall's west wing in 1909 and eventually filled the entire west wing at 301 Emerald Street. In 1928 the Chamber of Commerce recommended a new library be built on the site previously occupied by the Hotel Redondo in what is now Veterans Park. The Veterans Park Library is a Spanish/Dutch colonial building designed by architect Lovel Bearse Pemberton and opened on July 2, 1930. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. After serving as the Main Library for the city for 60 years, a site adjacent to City Hall was identified for a new, modern Main Library building. The new Main Library for the City of Redondo Beach opened on July 8, 1995, at 303 N. Pacific Coast Highway. A North Branch Library was also established in 1930 and started at the Grant Community Hall, it then moved to its current location at 2000 Artesia Boulevard in 1949. A new North Branch Library was constructed on the site in 2009 and opened its doors on September 28, 2010. The North Branch Library is the first City owned Green building and received Gold LEED certification.<ref>The Redondo Beach Public Library, City of Redondo Beach Library, accessed March 28, 2015.</ref>

Public transportation

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Redondo Beach is served by Beach Cities Transit and the Redondo Beach K Line station.

Historically, the city was served by the Santa Fe Railroad and Pacific Electric's Venice-Playa del Rey and Redondo Beach via Gardena lines.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Notable people

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File:Demi Moore at Huffington Post Pre-Inaugural Party, 2009 (cropped).jpg
Demi Moore
File:Eli Morgan (48362828232) (cropped).jpg
Eli Morgan
File:Judith A. Resnik, official portrait (cropped).jpg
Judith Resnik
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Songs & videos

Television

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File:South Bay Galleria.JPG
South Bay Galleria, a shopping mall on the border of Lawndale

Film

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Sister cities

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References

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Template:Geographic location Template:Cities of Los Angeles County, California Template:Greater Los Angeles Area Template:Authority control