Newark, California

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Newark (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. It was incorporated as a city in September 1955. Newark is an enclave, surrounded by the city of Fremont. The three cities of Newark, Fremont, and Union City make up the Tri-City Area. Newark's population was 47,529 at the 2020 census<ref name="CensusQuickFacts" /> making it the third largest city in the US named Newark after Newark, New Jersey, and Newark, Ohio.

Geography

File:Aerial view of Fremont, California and Newark, California in 2021.jpg

Aerial view of Fremont, California and Newark, California in 2021. Newark is on the right, west of Interstate 880.

The western edge of the city is near the southern end of the San Francisco Bay. State Route 84 runs through the city, and continues as the Dumbarton Bridge to cross the San Francisco Bay to reach Menlo Park. Interstate 880 serves as the eastern boundary with Fremont.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert, comprising 0.17%, is water.

History

Newark was named after Newark Castle, Port Glasgow, in Scotland by J. Barr Robertson.

Before it was settled by Europeans, Newark was home to the Ohlone Native American Peoples. The first European settlement in the area was by the Spanish missionaries of Mission San José, whose territory covered much of the present-day cities of Newark, Fremont, and Union City. In 1878 land belonging to Washington Township of Alameda County was purchased by The Pacific Land Investment Company and subdivided to form the town of Newark.

In the early 1950s, the amalgamation of towns was increasing in Alameda County. In 1953, residents in the towns surrounding Newark were concerned about being annexed into the nearby city of Hayward, and began plans to incorporate as a single city, eventually becoming Fremont.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Driven by their own concerns of being forced to amalgamate into this new city and the resulting changes in zoning, Newark was incorporated in September 1955, before the incorporation of Fremont was completed.<ref name="hist">Template:Cite web</ref>

Demographics

Template:US Census population

The 2020 United States census reported that Newark had a population of 47,529. The population density was Template:Convert. The racial makeup of Newark was 22.6% White, 3.3% African American, 1.2% Native American, 41.7% Asian, 1.5% Pacific Islander, 17.5% from other races, and 12.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 30.2% of the population.<ref name=DP1>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Census reported that 99.4% of the population lived in households, 0.6% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.0% were institutionalized.<ref name=DP1/>

There were 14,946 households, out of which 38.7% included children under the age of 18, 60.8% were married-couple households, 5.6% were cohabiting couple households, 18.8% had a female householder with no partner present, and 14.8% had a male householder with no partner present. 14.1% of households were one person, and 5.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.16.<ref name=DP1/> There were 11,858 families (79.3% of all households).<ref name=P16>Template:Cite web</ref>

The age distribution was 20.6% under the age of 18, 7.8% aged 18 to 24, 33.2% aged 25 to 44, 25.0% aged 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65Template:Nbspyears of age or older. The median age was 36.8Template:Nbspyears. For every 100 females, there were 101.4 males.<ref name=DP1/>

There were 15,371 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert, of which 14,946 (97.2%) were occupied. Of these, 68.1% were owner-occupied, and 31.9% were occupied by renters.<ref name=DP1/>

In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that 43.0% of the population were foreign-born. Of all people aged 5 or older, 42.8% spoke only English at home, 19.1% spoke Spanish, 11.6% spoke other Indo-European languages, 26.1% spoke Asian or Pacific Islander languages, and 0.4% spoke other languages. Of those aged 25 or older, 89.5% were high school graduates and 47.1% had a bachelor's degree.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The median household income was $164,909, and the per capita income was $68,775. About 2.1% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Demographic profile<ref name=DP1/>	2020
Total Population	47,529–100.0%
One Race	41,717 – 87.8%
Not Hispanic or Latino	33,169 – 69.8%
White alone	8,945 – 18.8%
Black or African American alone	1,466 – 3.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone	90 – 0.2%
Asian alone	19,602 – 41.2%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone	657 – 1.4%
Some other race alone	248 – 0.5%
Two or more races alone	2,161 – 4.5%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)	14,360 – 30.2%

Politics

In the state legislature, Newark is in Template:Representative,<ref name=SSenate/> and in Template:Representative.<ref name=SAssembly/> Federally, Newark is in Template:Representative.<ref name=GovTrack/>

Economy

Newark's economy is at the edge of Silicon Valley and shares its economic pattern.

Cargill Salt, previously known as Leslie Salt, operates a large salt refinery in Newark, cleaning salt produced in salt evaporation ponds in the San Francisco Bay.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The city houses the NewPark Mall, a super-regional shopping center, with anchor stores Macy's and Burlington Coat Factory, and over 140 other retailers. A Template:Convert addition at NewPark, including restaurants, entertainment and a multiplex movie theater with IMAX, opened in 2015.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The former Sun Microsystems site near I-880, State Route 84 and the Dumbarton Bridge, was purchased by BioMed Realty Trust and is now known as the Pacific Research Center.

In the early to mid-20th century, Newark's economy was based on manufacturing, including: Wedgewood stoves (1910s–1940s);<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="hist"/> A.O. Smith Corporation, followed by National Steel Corporation, glass-lined water heaters (1950s–1970s); Peterbilt trucks (1960s-1980s);<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Trailmobile semi-trailers (1965–1975).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Top employers

According to the city's June 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> the top employers in the city are:

#	Employer	# of Employees
1	Newark Unified School District	889
2	Logitech	606
3	Risk Management Solutions	290
4	WorldPac	251
5	VM Services Inc.	241
6	Nordstrom Distribution Center	220
7	Cargill Salt	217
8	SMART Modular Technologies	214
9	Amazon Fulfillment Center	200
10	Valassis	148

Culture and recreation

The City of Newark has thirteen parks and sport play facilities,<ref name="parks" >Template:Cite web</ref> the George M. Silliman Community Activity and Family Aquatic Center (aka the Silliman Center). The Family Aquatic Center portion of the Silliman Center opened in the summer of 2004 and includes a Template:Convert indoor swim facility specifically designed for recreation, fitness, and instruction programs for the entire family. The Template:Convert Natatorium includes four separate pools, including a Template:Convert Activity Pool; a 245' long Lazy River pool (with a pair of 20' tall, curving water slides); a Template:Convert deep, 4-lane, Template:Convert Lap Pool; and a 15-person warm-water spa.<ref name="silliman">Template:Cite web</ref>

Newark also houses a portion of the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife refuge along with the city of Fremont.

Newark also hosts a festival in honor of the city's founding. "Newark Days" is a four-day Festival/Celebration that takes place every September on the Macgregor Soccer fields (adjacent to the Community center on Cedar Blvd).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Transportation

Newark lies near the intersection of I-880, State Route 84, and the Dumbarton Bridge.<ref name="googlemap">Template:Cite web</ref>

Newark is served by AC Transit bus system. Surrounding Fremont is the access point for most transportation services, including Fremont and Union City BART stations, and ACE and Amtrak trains.

Vision for future rail

In 2007, the plans for the Dumbarton Rail Corridor envisioned Caltrain building a station in Newark.<ref name="Dumbarton Rail Corridor">Template:Cite web</ref>

Education

Newark is home to a new campus of Ohlone College, a member of the California Community Colleges system. Other nearby educational centers include the University of Phoenix, ITT Institute, DeVry University, and Unitek College.

Newark has two high schools, Newark Memorial High School and Bridgepoint High School, and one junior high school, Newark Junior High School. Bridgepoint High School is an alternative high school on the MacGregor Campus which also houses Newark Adult School. Elementary schools include Kennedy, Coyote Hills (formerly Graham), Lincoln, Schilling, Birch Grove Primary (K-3)(formerly Bunker), and Birch Grove Intermediate (4–6) (formerly Milani) Schools and one private Catholic elementary-8th grade, St. Edward's Catholic School.