New Jersey Route 45
Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox road Route 45 is a state highway in the southern part of New Jersey. It runs Template:Convert from Route 49 in Salem, Salem County, northeast to U.S. Route 130 (US 130) in Westville, Gloucester County. The route is signed as a north-south highway. Much of the southern part of the route runs through rural areas of Salem and Gloucester counties, passing through the communities of Woodstown and Mullica Hill. North of Mullica Hill, Route 45 runs through suburban areas, with the portion of the route between the northern border of Mantua Township and the southern border of Woodbury a four-lane divided highway. The route intersects many highways, including US 40 in Woodstown, Route 77 and US 322 in Mullica Hill, and Interstate 295 (I-295) in West Deptford Township.
The current route was originally a segment of pre-1927 Route 6 that was created in 1917, running from Salem to Camden. Route 45 was designated in 1927 to replace the Salem-Camden branch of pre-1927 Route 6 and was eventually realigned to follow US 130 (Crescent Boulevard) to the Airport Circle in Pennsauken Township. The old alignment became Route 45M. The northern terminus of Route 45 was moved to its current location in 1953 in order to avoid the concurrency with US 130. A freeway for Route 45 between I-295 in Woodbury and US 322 in Mullica Hill was recommended by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission in the 1960s. It was never built, and the New Jersey Department of Transportation proposed widening all of Route 45 into a four-lane divided highway; only a small portion in northern Gloucester County was widened.
Route description
[edit]Salem County
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Route 45 begins at an intersection with Route 49 in Salem, Salem County, heading to the north on Market Street, a two-lane undivided road.<ref name=SLD/> It passes downtown businesses and both the Salem County Courthouse and the Old Salem County Courthouse, the second oldest active courthouse in the United States, which currently serves as the Salem City Court.<ref name="google">Template:Google maps</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Upon crossing County Route 657 (CR 657), the road heads into residential areas before crossing the SMS Rail Lines' Salem Branch line at-grade and the Fenwick Creek. At the crossing of the latter, Route 45 enters Mannington Township and becomes an unnamed road that passes marshland with some development. The route passes by the Salem Medical Center just prior to an intersection with CR 540 in Pointers.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/>
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Here, Route 45 turns to the east and forms a concurrency with CR 540, passing through farmland with some woods and homes. CR 540 splits from Route 45 by heading southeast on Welchville Road and Route 45 continues, intersecting CR 653 before crossing the Mannington Creek.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> It intersects CR 669 and CR 631 within a short distance of each other before passing northwest of Salem County Career and Technical High School and crossing Majors Run into Pilesgrove Township.<ref name=SLD/>
Here, the route intersects CR 679 near the Salem County Veterans Cemetery before heading through more agricultural areas. The route reaches an intersection with US 40 (Harding Highway) and CR 616 in a business area, where US 40 forms a concurrency with Route 45.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> The two routes head northeast into Woodstown as the Harding Highway into residential areas.<ref name="google"/><ref name=40SLD>Template:Cite web </ref>
At the intersection with Main Street in downtown, Route 45 splits from US 40 by heading north on Main Street while CR 672 heads south on Main Street and US 40 continues to the east on East Avenue. Route 45 continues north, intersecting CR 636 before turning northeast again and meeting CR 602.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> The road passes over the SMS Rail Lines' Salem Branch line before coming to an intersection with CR 668/CR 617.<ref name=SLD/> A short distance later, the route enters Pilesgrove Township again and heads back into farmland with some residences and forested areas as an unnamed road, crossing CR 660.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/>
Gloucester County
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Route 45 crosses Oldmans Creek into South Harrison Township, Gloucester County within woodland and continues through rural areas with some residential developments such as Woodstown-Mullica Hill Road. The route crosses CR 668 before crossing CR 694 and CR 607 within a close distance of each other. Past this intersection, it continues to CR 617, where the name changes to Woodstown Road, before crossing CR 538. A short distance later, the route enters Harrison Township and continues north.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> It enters the community of Mullica Hill, where it intersects the northern terminus of Route 77.<ref name="google"/> Here, Route 45 turns north and becomes Main Street, passing homes and some businesses and turning into a county-maintained road. The route intersects Mullica Road, at which point it becomes concurrent with unsigned US 322 Bus./CR 536.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/>
In Mullica Hill, the road crosses US 322 and CR 536A, where US 322 Bus. ends and CR 536 turns west along US 322, and Route 45 continues northeast along Main Street, passing residential and commercial development as a state-maintained road.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> The route intersects CR 664, CR 603, and CR 667, with a park and ride lot located at the southwest corner of the CR 667 intersection. Following this, Route 45 has an intersection with CR 624 before crossing into Mantua Township, where it becomes Bridgeton Pike.<ref name=SLD/> The road heads through a mix of woods and farms with occasional homes, intersecting CR 626.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> The route passes more rural land before heading into suburban development.<ref name="google"/>
Here, Route 45 intersects CR 627 and CR 678 as it passes a mix of homes and businesses.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> The route intersects CR 632, where the name changes to Mantua Pike, and CR 553 Alt. before widening into a four-lane divided highway and crossing the Mantua Creek. At this point, Route 45 turns to the north and forms the border between Deptford Township to the east and West Deptford Township to the west, intersecting CR 648 and CR 656.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> At the intersection with College Boulevard, the route forms the border between Woodbury Heights to the east and West Deptford Township to the west, crossing over the New Jersey Turnpike without an interchange.<ref name=SLD/> From here, Route 45 continues north, intersecting CR 652 and CR 650.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/>
After the intersection with the latter, the route becomes a four-lane undivided road, entering Woodbury and immediately crossing the Southern Railroad of New Jersey's Salem Branch line at-grade.<ref name=SLD/> The road crosses Conrail Shared Assets Operations' (CSAO) Penns Grove Secondary railroad line at-grade before coming to an intersection with CR 551. Here, Route 45 forms a concurrency with CR 551 and heads north-northeast on Broad Street through the downtown of Woodbury, where it intersects CR 663. Route 45 and CR 551 cross the Woodbury Creek out of the downtown area and intersect CR 644 near Inspira Health Center Woodbury.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> From here, the route continues past a mix of residences and businesses as a two-lane undivided road.<ref name="google"/> CR 551 splits from Route 45 by heading east on Park Avenue then north on Broadway.<ref name=SLD/>
Meanwhile, Route 45 continues north along the border between Deptford Township to the east and Woodbury to the west, with CSAO's Vineland Secondary railroad line closely paralleling the route on its east side. At the intersection with CR 642, the road forms the border between Deptford Township and West Deptford Township again.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/> The route widens into a four-lane divided highway as it comes to a partial interchange with I-295, with some of the movements provided by nearby CR 551 to the east.<ref name="google"/> Past this interchange, Route 45 becomes a four-lane undivided highway and enters Westville.<ref name=SLD/> Here, it continues parallel to the railroad line to the east with businesses lining the west side of the road.<ref name="google"/> Route 45 passes residential areas before it comes to its northern terminus at a partial interchange with US 130, with access to northbound US 130 and access from southbound US 130.<ref name=SLD/><ref name="google"/>
History
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Between Mullica Hill and Woodbury, the road was maintained under the Mullica Hill and Woodbury Turnpike Company, which was chartered in 1849. The same day, the Woodbury and Camden Turnpike was chartered. Three days later, a bill was passed permitting the two companies to merge as the Mullica Hill and Camden Turnpike Company, though the merger seems to have fallen through, as charter amendments would be administered to the former two companies' charters. The Woodbury and Camden was rechartered as the Camden and Gloucester Turnpike Company in 1853. From Mullica Hill to Woodstown, the Mullica Hill and Woodstown Turnpike Company maintained a road, though it's now bypassed by Route 45. South of Woodstown, the road was maintained by the Salem and Woodstown Turnpike.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
What is now Route 45 was originally designated as a segment of pre-1927 Route 6 in 1917. This route was to head south from Camden and follow Route 45 to Mullica Hill, where it split into two branches, with one going to Salem on current Route 45 and another going to Bridgeton on current Route 77.<ref name="1920r6">Template:Cite report</ref><ref name="ttmap">Template:Cite map</ref> In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, pre-1927 Route 6 between Camden and Salem became Route 45.<ref name="nj1927">State of New Jersey, Laws of 1927, Chapter 319.</ref><ref name="Map">Template:Cite map</ref> A bypass around Camden was created as the southern half of Crescent Boulevard, a part of US 130, and Route 45 was rerouted to use the bypass up to the Airport Circle in Pennsauken Township. The old alignment of Route 45 became Route 45M.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering, the northern terminus of Route 45 was cut back to its current location in Westville to avoid the concurrency with US 130.<ref name="nj1953">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="nyt">Template:Cite news</ref>
In the late 1960s, the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) proposed construction of a Template:Convert long, $20 million freeway along the Route 45 corridor in Gloucester County which would have extended from Exit 24 of I-295 in Woodbury to a planned US 322 freeway in Mullica Hill.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The New Jersey Department of Transportation never followed through on this proposal. A portion of Route 45 was widened to four lanes from the border of Woodbury to the border of Mantua Township by the 1980s.<ref name="statefarm">Template:Cite map</ref> In 2012, the Mullica Hill Bypass was completed, and US 322 was removed from its concurrency with Route 45.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Major intersections
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Future
[edit]The New Jersey Department of Transportation is planning on rebuilding Route 45 in Woodbury to make it more friendly to pedestrians and bicyclists. The project calls for reducing the road from four lanes to three lanes while adding bike lanes, curb extensions to improve safety for pedestrians, and improvements to curb ramps and crosswalks. It is currently in the design stage.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>